Dingbian County, Yulin City, Shaanxi Province

Dingbian County Dingbian county is located in the northwest of Shaanxi Province, the westernmost end of Yulin City, and the junction of seven counties (banners) in four provinces (regions) of Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia and Inner Mongolia. In ancient times, it was said that "Yuyan in the East, Ganliang in the west, Huanqing in the south, desert in the north, wide soil and long border, Sanqin fortress". It is the northwest gateway of Shaanxi Province and the west gate of Yulin city. Since ancient times, merchants gathered, known as "dry dock". The county governs 1 sub district office, 14 towns and 4 townships.

Petroleum, natural gas, raw salt, mirabilite, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride and other mineral resources are very advantageous, and they are an important part of the energy and heavy chemical industry base in Northern Shaanxi. Oil resources are widely distributed in the territory, with proven reserves of 1.618 billion tons, which is the largest county in China's oil production capacity. Dingbian county is also the lake salt producing area of Shaanxi Province. There are 14 salt lakes with a total area of 98 square kilometers. In addition, the county's total coal reserves are estimated to exceed 40 billion tons, with huge development potential. Wind energy, solar energy and other renewable resources have obvious advantages, and it is the largest county of new energy industry in the province.

Dingbian is a bright "pearl on the wall" in Shaanxi Province. Dingbian is one of the "top 100 counties in China's new energy industry", "the first batch of national green energy demonstration counties", "national green environmental protection and energy saving demonstration counties", "China's potato specialty town", "China's potato gourmet town", "China's folk paper-cut art town", "Shaanxi modern agricultural demonstration base", etc. In December 2017, it was selected into the first batch of national fitness demonstration counties in Shaanxi Province.

On September 29, 2018, the county has withdrawn from the poverty county sequence. On January 25, 2019, it was selected as the national "safe agricultural machinery" Demonstration County in 2018. In March 2019, it was listed as the first batch of revolutionary cultural relics protection and utilization area sub County list. Top 100 counties and cities in Western China in 2019.

Historical evolution

There were human activities in Dingbian County as early as the stone age. From the cultural relics unearthed in the southern mountain area, they belong to the category of "Hetao culture" in the Paleolithic age and "Yangshao culture" in the Neolithic Age of the Yellow River Basin.

During the period of Xia Yu, Dingbian County belonged to Yongzhou, which was the nomadic settlement of the Qiang and di nationalities descended from the ancient Qiang nationality.

During the Yin and Shang Dynasties, Dingbian county was the place of Guifang.

From the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Warring States period, Dingbian county was inhabited by Hun Cong, Yuyu and other dog Rong tribes.

In the 43rd year of King Nan of Zhou Dynasty (272 BC), King Zhao of Qin Dynasty cut down Yiqu and established Beidi County, including today's Dingbian county.

In the 26th year of the reign of the king of Qin (221 B.C.), the first emperor unified the six states and established military and political institutions in Dingbian, which was subordinate to Maling county.

In the Western Han Dynasty, there was a department of Cishi. In Dingbian County, it belonged to Shuofang Cishi department. In the east of the county, it belonged to Sheyan County, in the west, it belonged to Xuyan County, in the north, and in the west, it belonged to Maling county. During the northern expedition to Xiongnu, Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty immigrated to Longxi, Ningxia and Northern Shaanxi on a large scale twice in the fourth year of Yuanshou (119bc) and the sixth year of Yuanding (111bc), and implemented the border consolidation policy, resulting in a large increase in the number of residents in the territory.

In the early years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Xiongnu moved eastward, and Beidi County moved inward twice. Dingbian was under the control of the Xiongnu.

At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, the Sixteen Kingdoms of Wuhu had been engaged in scuffles. Dingbian belonged to the former Zhao and later Zhao, and then to the former Qin and later Qin.

In 407 A.D., Helian Sheng, the leader of the Tiefu tribe of the Huns, established the capital of Wancheng (today's baichengzi in Jingbian), which was called Xia. He ruled Hetao and set Bian as his hinterland. In the early period of the Northern Wei Dynasty, there was no County in the county. It was a place where the Han people lived together with Xiongnu, Xianbei, Jie, Di, Qiang and other nationalities.

During the Northern Wei Dynasty, Dingbian belonged to Daxing County of Xi'an Prefecture, which was abandoned in Wuding and changed to Shanxi county of xiazhou, and the east of Dingbian belonged to Xinyi county.

In 534 ad, the Northern Wei Dynasty was divided into Eastern Wei and Western Wei. Dingbian was subordinate to the Western Wei Dynasty. Xi'an was restored and Daxing County was changed into Wuyuan County.

In 553 A.D., because Dingbian was rich in pond salt, Xi'an was changed into Yanzhou and Wuyuan County was still established. The Northern Zhou Dynasty followed the old system of the Western Wei Dynasty.

In Sui Dynasty, Yanzhou was changed to Yanchuan County and Wuyuan County to Wuyuan County, and Luoyuan county was set up at the southern foot of Baiyu mountain, which was subordinate to Honghua county. The eastern beach area belonged to CHANGZE County of Shuofang county. At the end of Sui Dynasty and the beginning of Tang Dynasty, Liang Shi occupied the whole territory.

In 618, the first year of Wude in Tang Dynasty, Yanzhou was restored. In 820, Dingbian was under the jurisdiction of Yanzhou, Qingzhou and Yuzhou. During the Five Dynasties, the county was successively assigned to Liang, Tang, Jin, Han and Zhou.

At the beginning of the Northern Song Dynasty, it belonged to luyanzhou, Shaanxi Province. In the fifth year of Xianping (1002), the whole territory was trapped in Xixia.

In 1227, Genghis Khan conquered Xixia and abandoned Yanzhou. After that, Yuan Dynasty was established, and the provinces, roads and prefectures were established. In the east of the border, Yan'an Prefecture and Qingyang Prefecture belonged to each other.

In the Ming Dynasty, a military and political integrated garrison was set up in the border areas, and Dingbian was subordinate to Yan'an Prefecture and Qingyang garrison. In the middle of Ming Dynasty, in order to resist the Mongolian invasion, the great wall and castles were built many times in the territory. Dingbian belonged to Yansui town. Dingbian camp was stationed in the general and led Yongji and other thirteen camp fortresses as the west road. In 1562, the Deputy General of the Western Association of Yansui town was set up and stationed in Dingbian camp city.

In the early Qing Dynasty, Dingbian Administrative Establishment followed the Ming Dynasty, which was subordinate to Jingbian Tongzhi. It set up a garrison of 1000 households and garrisoned the general manager of Yuqian. Yongzheng nine years (1731) set Dingbian County, Anbian set the same state, under Yulin.

In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), the Beijing government ordered all provinces to lay down their governments. Dingbian belongs to Yulin Road, Shaanxi Province.

During the Agrarian Revolutionary War, Dingbian county (Dingbian city) and Anbian county (wumaozi and xin'anbian) were set up in the liberated area of the Communist Party of the county, which were subordinate to Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia Province; Dingbian county (Anbian Fort) was set up in the area ruled by the Kuomintang.

In 1937, Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia Province was abolished. The government of Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia border region set up three special administrative regions (districts). The office of the Commissioner of administrative supervision ruled the border cities.

In 1949, it successively governed Dingbian, Yanchi, Wuqi, Jingbian and Anbian counties.

After liberation, Anbian county was merged into Dingbian County, known as Dingbian County, Shaanxi Province, the people's Republic of China.

administrative division

geographical environment

position

Dingbian county is located in the northwest corner of Shaanxi Province and the westernmost end of Yulin city. It is the transition zone between the Loess Plateau and Ordos desert steppe in Inner Mongolia. It is located in 107 ° 15 ′ e to 108 ° 22 ′ E and 36 ° 49 ′ n to 37 ° 53 ′ n. It is connected with Jingbian County and Wuqi County in the east to the southeast, Huachi County and Huan County in Gansu Province in the south to the southwest, Yanchi County in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in the west, Etuokeqian banner and Wushen Banner in Inner Mongolia in the north to the northeast. It is the junction of Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia and Inner Mongolia. It is 236 km away from Yulin in the East, 570 km away from Xi'an in the south, 170 km away from Yinchuan in the West and 1270 km away from Beijing in the north.

landforms

The county has a vast territory and complex topography. There are two major watersheds in geomorphological features: one is Baiyu mountain, located in the middle of the county. It stretches from east to west and radiates from north to south. It is the watershed between the inner flow area and the outer flow area, and between the Wuding River and the Luohe River. The second is the north section of Ziwuling, which is located in the southwest northeast direction of the county. It is the watershed between Luohe River and Jinghe River Basin. The two major watersheds are T-shaped uplift, which divides the mountain area into three main outflow rivers, namely, Jinghe River in the southwest, Luohe River in the South and Wuding River in the southeast, and the inflow area in the north. In the south, it is the hilly and gully area of Baiyu mountain area, accounting for 52.78% of the total area; in the north, it is the windy beach area on the southern edge of Maowusu Desert, accounting for 47.22% of the total area; the altitude of Dingbian county is 1303-1907 meters.

climate

Dingbian belongs to temperate semi-arid continental monsoon climate. The main characteristics are: windy in spring, dry in summer, rainy in autumn, cold in winter, sufficient sunshine, late rainy season and large interannual variation of rainfall. The annual average temperature is 7.9 ℃, the annual average sunshine is 2743.3 hours, the annual average rainfall is 316.9 mm, the annual average frost free period is about 141 days, and the absolute frost free period is 110 days. The annual sunshine hours is 2743.3 hours, and the total solar radiation heat energy is 137.37 kcal / cm2, which can fully meet the needs of crops for light energy. The annual average accumulated temperature of ≥ 0 ℃ is 3566 ℃.

resources

Biological resources

Animal husbandry is one of the most important animal husbandry base counties in China. Livestock and poultry include cattle, donkeys, mules, horses, sheep, pigs, rabbits, chickens, etc. in Jizhong, there are about 70000 large livestock (3000 cows) and 500000 sheep per year. Among them, there are 140000 Tan sheep and local hybrid white cashmere goats, and 50000 pigs per year. Among the plant resources, the main cereal and oil crops are buckwheat, potato, millet, pea, black bean, millet, wheat, corn, flax, mustard, oil sunflower, etc. The annual output of edible oil is about 10000 tons, and the supply of commercial oil accounts for 1 / 3. It is known as the "oil sea" in Northwest China. The emerging pepper industry has become a new economic growth point in the county. Beitan vegetable base has passed the certification of national pollution-free vegetable base.

land resource

Dingbian county is rich in land resources. It is one of the big counties with vast land and sparse population in Shaanxi Province, and its area ranks the third in Shaanxi Province. Dingbian county has a large amount of land resources. The per capita land of Dingbian county is 42 mu, which is 3.4 times higher than the per capita land of 9.5 mu in Shaanxi Province and 2.5 times higher than the per capita land of 12 mu in China. The per capita cultivated land area of Dingbian county is 6.3 mu, which is also much higher than that of Shaanxi Province and China. Moreover, the soil layer is deep and suitable for cultivation, which can meet the requirement of one crop per year. In the total land area of Dingbian County, the suitable land for planting accounted for 28.03%, and the suitable land for forest and grass accounted for 54.39%;

mineral resources

Dingbian county is rich in oil, natural gas, crude salt and other mineral resources, with unique resource advantages. Oil resources are unique, with a mineral area of 5000 square kilometers, distributed in 20 towns in the county. The geological structure is Jurassic and Triassic strata belt, with chicken nest shape distribution. The average thickness of oil layer is about 10 meters, and the thickest layer is 37

Chinese PinYin : Shan Xi Sheng Yu Lin Shi Ding Bian Xian