Gucheng District, Lijiang City, Yunnan Province

Gucheng District Gucheng district is a municipal district under the jurisdiction of Lijiang City, Yunnan Province. It is located in the northwest of Yunnan Province, with a total area of 1255.4 square kilometers. The district government is located in Fuhui Road, Dayan town. It was established in December 2002. By 2018, the ancient city district has jurisdiction over 7 streets, 2 townships and 2 towns. There are more than 10 ethnic groups including Naxi, Han, Bai, Tibetan, Yi and Pumi.

The ancient town is the political, economic, cultural, scientific, technological, financial and information center of Lijiang City. Since ancient times, it has been the hub of cultural and economic exchanges among Naxi, Han, Tibetan, Bai and other ethnic groups. It is also the important town and military strategic location of the southern silk Road and the "ancient tea horse road".

The scenic spots and historic sites can be seen everywhere, the natural landscape is colorful, and the national culture is dazzling. It has the world cultural heritage Lijiang ancient city, the World Memory Heritage Naxi Dongba ancient books and documents, the world natural heritage "Three Parallel Rivers" and Naxi ancient music, which is called "living fossil of music" by Chinese and foreign scholars. Tourist attractions include Shuhe ancient town, Heilongtan, Guanyin gorge and other tourist attractions.

It has successively won the titles of one of the ten most desirable small cities in China, one of the 100 most visited small cities on the earth, China's excellent tourist city, national civilized scenic spot, European favorite tourist city, UN's excellent city for global human settlement environment, the world's best destination of traveler's choice, and China's brand city in 2018.

Historical evolution

According to the general annals of Yunnan, "the name of Jiang is Lishui, which originated from the Tubo kingdom. It is under Longchuan's plough and ox stone. Its original name is Lishui, but it is mistaken for Lishui."

During the Warring States period, the county belonged to the border of Qin state, while chuzhuangqiao belonged to Dian state when it was founded.

From the sixth year of Yuanding in the Western Han Dynasty (111 BC) to the Eastern Han Dynasty, it belonged to suijiu County, Yueyi County, Yizhou. In the third year of Jianxing in Shuhan Dynasty, it was assigned to Yunnan county.

From the Eastern Jin Dynasty to the northern and Southern Dynasties, it belonged to xigufu County, Yunnan county of ningzhou.

In the Tang Dynasty, Tubo and Nanzhao successively set up Shenchuan governor's office in Tieqiao city (today's Tacheng).

In the early period of the Song Dynasty, Dali belonged to Jianchuan Jiedu, and later to shanjujun, Chengji town. At that time, Sanfu (lijiangba), Jiufu (Judian, shigu, etc.) and other administrative regions were in the county.

In the first year of LiZong Baoyou (1253) of the Southern Song Dynasty, Kublai Khan conquered Dali and set up a Chahan chapter in charge of civil officials.

In 1271, it was changed into the Xuanwei Department of chahanzhang, and in 1276, it was set up as the military and civilian general office of Lijiang road. In the 22nd year of Zhiyuan (1285), Xuanwei Department of Lijiang road was established.

In the 15th year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1382), a de, who was the Deputy envoy of Xuanwei Department of Lijiang in the Yuan Dynasty, was attached to the Ming Dynasty, which set up Lijiang mansion.

In 1660, Lijiang mansion was still set up. In 1723, the first year of Yongzheng reign, the chieftain of Mu family was removed from power. In 1770, Lijiang County was established.

Lijiang Prefecture was abolished in 1913. Lijiang County belongs to Tengyue road. In 1929, Tengyue road was abandoned and directly under Yunnan Province. In 1941, it was subordinate to the seventh Office of the administrative inspector general of Yunnan Province, which set up Lijiang County; in 1947, it was subordinate to the thirteenth Office of the administrative inspector general of Yunnan Province, which was first set up in Weixi, then moved to Lijiang in the 37th year of the Republic of China, and merged with the tenth Office of the administrative inspector general in Heqing.

On April 10, 1961, Lijiang Naxi Autonomous County was established.

On December 26, 2002, the State Council approved the abolition of Lijiang Prefecture and Lijiang Naxi Autonomous County and the establishment of prefecture level Lijiang City. Lijiang City set up the ancient city district. The ancient city has jurisdiction over Dayan Town, Longshan Township, Qihe Township, Dadong Township, Jinshan Bai Township and Jinjiang Bai township of the former Lijiang Naxi Autonomous County. The District People's government is located in Fuhui Road, Dayan town.

On April 1, 2003, Lijiang Naxi Autonomous County was officially abolished and divided into Gucheng district and Yulong Naxi Autonomous County.

On July 20, 2004, the people's Government of Yunnan Province approved the renaming of Longshan township to Jin'an Township and Jin'an township to Jin'an town.

administrative division

By 2006, Gucheng district has jurisdiction over 4 streets, 4 townships and 1 town, with a total of 18 communities and 35 villages.

geographical environment

Location context

Gucheng District of Lijiang City is located in the transition zone from Hengduan Mountains in Northwest Yunnan Province to Yunnan Guizhou Plateau, covering an area of 1255.4 square kilometers.

landforms

The ancient city area is located in the transition section from Hengduan Mountains to Yunnan Guizhou Plateau in the northwest of Yunnan Province. The topography of the whole region is complex, including three types: mountain, basin (commonly known as Bazi) and valley. Benlike village of Qihe township is 3200 meters above sea level, which is the highest point in the region; Jinsha River exit of Jinjiang township is 1219 meters above sea level, which is the lowest point in the region.

climate

The old town has a low latitude plateau monsoon climate, with an average annual temperature of 12.6 ℃ and an average annual rainfall of 950 mm. It has abundant rainfall, no hot summer in summer and no severe cold in winter. The three-dimensional climate is obvious, which is cold and cool in the alpine mountain area above 3200m; the climate in the dam area around 2400m above sea level is mild and the four seasons are not clear; the mountain area below 1800 m above sea level is warm in winter, hot in summer and strong in solar radiation. The annual sunshine in the dam area is 2500-2700 hours, which is the highest in the whole province.

natural resources

mineral resources

Up to 2009, the mineral resources of Gucheng District include iron ore, manganese ore, copper ore, bauxite, clay, ceramic soil, anthracite, cement raw material lime ore, construction sand ore and shale ore.

Hydropower resources

By 2010, the Jinsha River has been flowing through five townships in the area for more than 80 kilometers. Located in Gucheng District, Lijiang City, Yunnan Province, Jin'anqiao Hydropower Station has a total installed capacity of 2.4 million kilowatts. The dam is 640 meters long and 160 meters high, with a total storage capacity of 913 million cubic meters and an annual power generation capacity of 11.417 billion kwh.

land resource

As of 2010, the land area of Gucheng district is 125540 hectares, including 5308.08 hectares of cultivated land, 90947.27 hectares of forest land, 799.58 hectares of garden land, 424.22 hectares of pasture land, 1544.37 hectares of water area, 2042.45 hectares of bare rock land and 5959.06 hectares of unused land.

Biological resources

As of 2011, there are 100859.7 hectares of forest land in Gucheng District, accounting for 80.3% of the total area of the District, with 54% forest coverage and 3.1 million cubic meters of standing trees. There are rich species of wild animals and plants. There are 11 rare and endangered protected animals, such as Yunnan golden monkey, black bear, wolf jackal and wild boar. The rare wild plants include Taxus yunnanensis, Camellia yunnanensis and Toona ciliata.

Population nationality

population

The total number of households in Gucheng district is 49982, including 49257 family households and 725 collective households. The registered residence population is 155237, of which 77039 are men and 78198 are women. There are 37 ethnic groups in the region, including 92442 Naxi, 32106 Han, 2325 Yi, 1787 Lisu, 21607 Bai, 896 Pumi, 316 Dai, 1436 Miao and 1 Tibetan, They are 013, 512 Hui, 331 Zhuang, 36 Mongolian, 63 Hani, 85 Manchu, 45 Buyi, 38 Tujia, 10 Jingpo, 5 WA, 31 Nu, 14 Lahu, 29 Tu, 10 Yao, 13 Dong, 7 Li, 14 Korean, 10 Bulang, 12 she, 7 Dulong, 4 Gelao, 6 Achang, 5 Qiang and 5 Mulao There are 1 Lao, 15 Shui, 2 Jino, 1 Daur, 2 Xibe and 1 De'ang. There are 32441 people under 20 years old, including 16348 males and 16093 females; 47642 people between 20 and 40 years old, including 23073 males and 24569 females; 49842 people between 40 and 60 years old, including 25450 males and 24392 females; 22262 people between 60 and 80 years old, including 10903 males and 11 females, 359; there are 3045 people aged 80 to 100, including 1264 males and 1781 females; there are 5 people aged over 100, including 1 male and 4 females.

nation

In 2010, in the total population of Gucheng District, there are 120030 ethnic minorities, accounting for 78.8% of the total population, including 90409 Naxi people, accounting for 59.4% of the total population, and 20827 Bai people, accounting for 13.7% of the total population.

There are 37 ethnic groups in the region, including 92442 Naxi, 32106 Han, 2325 Yi, 1787 Lisu, 21607 Bai, 896 Pumi, 316 Dai, 1436 Miao and 1 Tibetan, They are 013, 512 Hui, 331 Zhuang, 36 Mongolian, 63 Hani, 85 Manchu, 45 Buyi, 38 Tujia, 10 Jingpo, 5 WA, 31 Nu, 14 Lahu, 29 Tu, 10 Yao, 13 Dong, 7 Li, 14 Korean, 10 Bulang, 12 she, 7 Dulong, 4 Gelao, 6 Achang, 5 Qiang and 5 Mulao There are 1 Lao, 15 Shui, 2 Jino, 1 Daur, 2 Xibe and 1 De'ang.

Chinese PinYin : Yun Nan Sheng Li Jiang Shi Gu Cheng Qu