Dachang Hui Autonomous County, Langfang City, Hebei Province

Dachang Hui Autonomous County Dachang Hui Autonomous County belongs to Langfang City, Hebei Province. It is located in the north central part of Hebei Province, in the Hebei enclave between Beijing and Tianjin, with a total area of 176.29 square kilometers and a population of 133900 (in 2019), of which 27000 are Hui, accounting for 20.4% of the total population. It has jurisdiction over 5 towns, 4 communities and 101 administrative villages. The county government is located in Dachang town.

Dachang county is located in the upper reaches of Chaobai River, and Baoqiu river flows through the county from west to East. The annual average precipitation is 580.6 mm and the annual average temperature is 11.9 ℃. Dachang county is located in the Bohai economic zone and Beijing Tianjin metropolitan area. The county government is 47.9 kilometers away from the capital Beijing. The Beijing Qinhuangdao railway and national highway 102 run across the county. The cultural relics in Dachang County include xiaotuotou ruins, xiaotuotou tombs, Beiwu mosque, etc., and there are intangible cultural heritages such as cloisonne production technology and silk mosaic production technology.

It has won the honorary titles of "national food industry strong county", "National Science and technology progress county", "national national unity and progress advanced collective" and so on. In October 2017, it was named National Garden County by the Ministry of housing and urban rural development. In September 2018, it was awarded the honorary title of "hometown of cloisonne in China" by China Light Industry Federation and China Arts and Crafts Association. On October 20, 2020, it was selected into the list of national double support model cities (counties); in November of the same year, it was selected into the "sixth national civilized city".

Historical evolution

In ancient Tang and Yao dynasties, Dachang county belongs to Jizhou, and Youzhou in Yushun period.

In the Xia and Shang Dynasties, it still belonged to Jizhou.

In the Zhou Dynasty, it belonged to the state of Yan.

In the Qin Dynasty, it belonged to Yuyang county.

In the Han Dynasty, it was Yuyang County, Youzhou (later changed to Lu county).

During the Three Kingdoms period, it belonged to Wei Dynasty.

In the Western Jin Dynasty, it belongs to Lu County of Youzhou.

During the period of the Sixteen Kingdoms, the county now belongs to Zhao, Qianyan, qianqin, Houyan and Northern Wei, all of which belong to Lu County, Yuyang County, Youzhou.

In the early Northern Dynasty, it belonged to the Northern Wei Dynasty, and after the split of the Northern Wei Dynasty, it belonged to Lu County, Yuyang County of the Eastern Wei Dynasty. In the Northern Qi Dynasty, it still belonged to Yuyang county.

In the Sui Dynasty, it belonged to Lu County of Zhuo county.

In 716, Sanhe county was set up in the east of Lu County in Youzhou. Now most of Dachang county has belonged to Sanhe county ever since.

At the beginning of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, it belonged to Sanhe County of Houliang. In 923, Li Cun helped to destroy Hou Liang and became emperor. He was attached to Sanhe County of Jizhou in the later Tang Dynasty.

In the first year of Tianfu in the later Jin Dynasty (936), Shi Jingtang cut sixteen prefectures of Yanyun to Qidan, and then Sanhe County belonged to Qidan and Jizhou.

In 1012, it belonged to Sanhe County of Jizhou, the Youdu Prefecture of Nanjing.

In the fourth year of Xuanhe of Song Dynasty (1122, the sixth year of jintianfu), Jin Taizu conquered Nanjing of Liao Dynasty (today's Beijing), and followed Sanhe as the land of Jin. Xuanhe five years (1123), Jin Yanjing (Liao called Nanjing, today's Beijing) six states back to the Song Dynasty, with the three rivers back to the Song Dynasty. In the seventh year of Xuanhe (the third year of jintianhui, 1125), it was restored to Jindi. Jintiande three years (1151) Sheng Lu county for Tongzhou, then TongZhou Sanhe county. In the first year of Jin Zhenyuan (1153), Yanjing was changed to Zhongdu road and Daxing mansion was set up, which belongs to Sanhe County of Tongzhou.

Yuan Taizu ten years (1215), Mongolia kezhongdu (now Beijing), with three rivers for Mongolia. In the 21th year of Zhiyuan Dynasty (1284), it was established as the general manager's office of Dadu Road, which belongs to Sanhe County, Tongzhou, Dadu Road, Zhongshu Province, Zhili.

In the first year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1368), Dadu road was changed to Beiping mansion. During the reign of Hongwu (1368-1397), the royal family set up a racecourse here, commonly known as "Dachang". In the first year of Yongle (1403), Ming Chengzu took Beiping as Beijing and carried out large-scale construction. Yongle eighteen years (1420), changed Beijing to the capital, the capital of Beijing. In 1421, Yongle officially moved its capital to Beijing, which is located in Sanhe County, shuntianfu, the capital city. With the reclamation of land and the harvest of crops, in order to distinguish the wheat field, "Dachang" gradually evolves into "Dachang".

In the Qing Dynasty, it belonged to Sanhe County, Tongzhou, shuntianfu, Zhili Province.

In 1914, shuntianfu was changed into Jingzhao special area.

In 1928, the national government moved its capital to Nanjing, and changed Jingzhao special area to Hebei Province, so it belonged to Sanhe County of Hebei Province.

From 1938 to 1945, the Japanese Army established a puppet county government in Sanhe County, which was subordinate to Jidong Road, Hebei Province.

In the 29th year of the Republic of China (1940), most of the county belonged to four districts of Jibao Sanhe United county. In April 1942, it belonged to the eighth District of the Fourth District of Jibao Sanlian county. In July 1943, it belonged to ten districts of Sanji United county. In September 1944, it belonged to the Second District of Santong (county), Xianghe (River) United county.

In January 1946, Lianhe county was abolished, and most of the county belonged to the Second District of Sanhe county. In June 1950, it was changed into two or four districts.

In October 1952, the Dachang Hui Autonomous Region of Sanhe county was established.

Dachang Hui Autonomous County was established in 1955, which belongs to Tongxian District of Hebei Province.

At the end of 1958, Dachang was incorporated into Jixian County, known as the people's commune of Dachang Hui Autonomous Region in Jixian County, belonging to Tangshan special region.

In July 1961, Suiji County belonged to Tianjin special region.

In 1962, the system of Dachang Hui Autonomous County was restored.

In January 1974, Tianjin area was changed to Langfang area.

In April 1989, Langfang district was abolished and Langfang city was set up, which belongs to Dachang.

administrative division

As of 2018, Dachang Hui Autonomous County has jurisdiction over one street and five towns.

geographical environment

Location context

Dachang Hui Autonomous County is located in 116 ° 48'20 ″ - 117 ° 03'55 ″ east longitude and 39 ° 49'17 ″ - 39 ° 58'56 ″ north latitude. It is located in the north end of North China Plain and the south foot plain of Yanshan mountain. The county borders Sanhe City in the East, North and northwest, Xianghe County in the south, Tongzhou District of Beijing across the Chaobai River in the West and southwest, and is surrounded by Sanhe City and Xianghe County in Beijing and Tianjin. The longest distance between the East and the west of the county is 22.22 kilometers, and the longest distance between the north and the south is 17.89 kilometers, with a total area of 176.29 square kilometers.

topographic features

Dachang county is plain. Due to its proximity to the Yanshan Mountains, the terrain is slightly different. The northwest is slightly higher, with the highest altitude of 24.5 meters, and the southeast is slightly lower, with the lowest altitude of 10.5 meters.

geology

Dachang county is located in the southern margin of Yanshan latitudinal structural belt, in the south of Sanhe Qian'an arc fold belt and the north of Laiyuan leting fault belt, and in the eastern part of Dachang sag. The surface layer in the county is quaternary Holocene clay and loam. Drilling verified that the upper part of the underground is quaternary Pleistocene fluvial lacustrine facies intercalated with marine and glacial deposits, about 500 to 600 meters thick, the lower part is upper Tertiary fluvial lacustrine clastic rock deposits, and the lowest part is Middle Upper Proterozoic dolomite and dolomitic limestone.

climate

Dachang county belongs to the sub humid climate zone of warm temperate zone. The annual average temperature is 11.9 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 40.6 ℃ (July 1, 2000), and the extreme minimum temperature is - 22.3 ℃ (January 15, 2001). The average annual precipitation is 580.60 mm, the maximum annual precipitation is 1071.80 mm (1994), and the minimum annual precipitation is 327.60 mm (1983). The annual average sunshine hours is 2530 hours, and the annual sunshine percentage is 57%. The annual average frost free period is 205 days. The annual average 10 minute wind direction and speed is 2.1 m / s, and the annual average gale days is 10.70 days.

hydrology

Chaobaihe county has a flow of 16 kilometers, with 43.2 square kilometers of leachate discharged into the river. It is an important river flowing through the north and east of Beijing, belonging to the Haihe River system. The average width of the river is 300 meters, with the largest area of 32250 mu. There are two rubber dams to control the fluctuation of the river. After 1982, there was no flow except in flood season. Its upper source has two branches, the East branch is called Chaohe because of its "sound like tide", and the West Branch is Baihe.

Baoqiuhe county is 13.89 km long, with 132.8 square kilometers of drainage discharged into Hanoi. The maximum discharge of the river in flood season is 119.3 m3 / s. Since its establishment in 1955, the county has been developed and dredged for many times, and now it is a river channel for both drainage and irrigation. The water storage capacity is 1 million cubic meters and the irrigation area is 40000 mu.

soil

In the north and middle part of Dachang County, the alluvial and proluvial fan of Weihe River is formed by proluvial impact, and the soil is developed into fluvo cinnamon soil (loess); in the southwest, the alluvial and proluvial fan of Chaobai River is developed into fluvo aquic soil; in the southeast, the Inter fan depression is developed into salinized fluvo aquic soil due to poor water quality; in the other riverside depressions, the soil is developed into swampy soil or swampy fluvo aquic soil. Therefore, the soil can be roughly divided into five categories, among which brown soil accounts for 57.7%; fluvo aquic soil accounts for 37.8%; meadow soil, swamp soil and aeolian sand soil account for 4.5%. The surface soil is mainly light loam, medium loam, sandy loam in the west, and clay in some areas. In general, the content of organic matter and available phosphorus in soil is not high, and the fertility is low, but light and medium soil is suitable for planting a variety of crops.

natural resources

land resource

Dachang County covers a total area of 176.29 square kilometers, including 11581.54 hectares of cultivated land, 78 hectares of garden land, 133.59 hectares of woodland, 2878.18 hectares of residential and industrial land, 804.53 hectares of traffic land, 1675.77 hectares of water area and 477.59 hectares of unused land.

water resource

The total amount of surface water in Dachang county is 43.8002 million cubic meters, of which the annual runoff of self-produced surface water is 14.7102 million cubic meters, and the annual average water storage is 2.6 million cubic meters

Chinese PinYin : He Bei Sheng Lang Fang Shi Da Chang Hui Zu Zi Zhi Xian