Jinning District, Kunming City, Yunnan Province

Jinning District Jinning District, subordinate to Kunming City, Yunnan Province, is located in the middle of Yunnan Province, southwest of Kunming City, surrounded by Dianchi Lake, Xishan District in the west, Chenggong District in the north, Hongta District and Jiangchuan District of Yuxi City in the South and East, which is an important part of Kunming urban core area. Jinning District governs Kunyang street, Baofeng street, Jincheng Town, Erjie Town, Shangsuan Town, LiuJie Town, Shuanghe Yi Township and Xiyang Yi Township, with an administrative area of 1336.66 square kilometers

Jinning is the capital of ancient Yunnan and the hometown of Zheng He. It is one of the four phosphorus capitals in the world. It ranks first among the "Sanyang phosphate mines" (Kunyang, Kaiyang and Xiangyang) in China. It has successively won the honorary titles of "the most beautiful tourist destination city in China in 2014", "top 100 deep breathing small city in 2016", "the most beautiful county in China in 2016" and "top 10 summer resort and leisure counties in China" for two consecutive times.

In October 2018, it was selected as one of the top 100 science and technology innovation zones in China in 2018. On January 25, 2019, it was selected as the national "safe agricultural machinery" Demonstration County in 2018. In November 2019, it will be selected as the second batch of counties (districts) that meet the water-saving society construction standards.

Evolution of organizational system

According to the archaeological results of stone tools and shell deposits unearthed from lijia'ao and huangniu'dun, human beings lived and multiplied here as early as the Neolithic age.

Jinning and Kunyang counties "Xia and Shang belong to Liangzhou and Zhou to Yongzhou".

In the first year of King Qingxiang of Chu in the late Warring States period (298 BC), Zhuang entered Yunnan to establish the state of Dian, with the capital in Jincheng, Jinning district. Kunyang is located on the southwest Bank of Dianchi Lake, adjacent to Jinning, and belongs to Yunnan.

Qin envoys Chang (Yin é) slightly connected Wuchi road and set Kunyang as Hexi county (in the area of modern and ancient towns), belonging to the state of Yunnan.

Jinning County was established in the Western Han Dynasty, and it belonged to Yue in the early Yuan Dynasty (116-111 BC). In the second year of Yuanfeng (109 BC), soufan sent General Guo Chang to pacify it. Because it was opened as a county, it was called Yizhou and ruled Dianchi county. That is, the county is located in Jincheng, Jinning. Kunyang is called Jianling (from Kunyang to Yimen). Until the Eastern Han Dynasty, it remained unchanged.

In 225, the name of the county remained unchanged, belonging to Jianning county.

In 271, the Western Jin Dynasty divided Jianning, Yongchang and other four counties from Yizhou to establish ningzhou. In the third year of Taikang (282), ningzhou county was changed to Jinning County, which is still called Dianchi county. Kunyang was changed from Jianling to lengqiu (the area from Kunyang to Yuxi was increased). Lengqiu was changed to Jianling in the early Eastern Jin Dynasty. Later, it was not in Li te, nor in Fu family. In 484, it was restored to the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

In the Sui Dynasty, kunzhou was set up and abandoned. In the 15th year of Emperor Wen's reign (595), Kunyang was the residence of kunzhou, which was soon abolished. For more than seven centuries from the second year of Yuanfeng to the early Sui Dynasty, Dianchi county has always been the county government of successive dynasties.

In the fourth year of Wude of Tang Dynasty (621), Dianchi County, which was once the seat of ningzhou in Jin Dynasty, was set up as Jinning Prefecture, belonging to kunzhou, which was the beginning of the name of Jinning District, replacing Dianchi County, which has been used for more than 740 years. Kunyang changed its name to wangshui, belonging to Gouzhou.

The empress of Tianbao was not in Nanzhao, Jinning was called Jinchuan, Kunyang was called qulanchuan.

In Dali, Jinning was called Yang castle, while Kunyang was called Juqiao City, belonging to Shanshan mansion.

Yuan Zhizheng seven years (1347), Li Yang castle for the house of ten thousand households. In 1351, Juqiao wanhufu was set up, lingsanpo (now County Street area of Anning City) and Yimen 2 counties, both of which belong to Zhongqing road. Soon after that, wanhufu of Yang castle and Juqiao were changed into Jinning Prefecture and Kunyang Prefecture.

In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the names of the two counties were still used and belonged to Yunnan Province. During this period, Jinning received Chenggong and Guihua counties in the early Ming Dynasty, and Guihua County attached Chenggong in 1668. Soon after, Kunyang laid off Sanpo and attached Anning, and Yimen set up a county.

At the beginning of the Republic of China, it was called Jinning Prefecture and Kunyang Prefecture. In 1913, the state was changed into a county.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the two counties belonged to the central Yunnan region, and later changed to Yuxi special region.

In 1958, the two counties merged into Jinning County, and the county government moved to Kunyang town.

In 1960, Yuxi district was divided into Kunming city.

On November 24, 2016 and December 12, 2016, the State Council and the people's Government of Yunnan Province successively approved the abolition of Jinning County and the establishment of Jinning District of Kunming city. The administrative region of Jinning district is the former administrative region of Jinning County, and the people's Government of Jinning district is located at 365 Zhenghe Road, Kunyang street.

administrative division

Division evolution

In 2000, Jinning governed three towns and nine townships: Kunyang Town, Jincheng Town, Gucheng Town, Erjie Township, Huale Township, Zhonghe Township, Baofeng Township, Shuanghe Yi Township, Xiyang Yi Township, Shangsuan Township, LiuJie Township and Xinjie township.

In 2006, Zhonghe Township and Gucheng town were merged into Kunyang town; Huale township was merged into Jincheng town.

In 2009, Baofeng town was merged into Kunyang town; Erjie Township, Xinjie Township, Shangsuan Township and LiuJie Township were set up as towns.

In 2011, Kunyang removed the town and set up streets, and Xinjie town was merged into Jincheng town.

In 2017, Kunyang street was divided into Kunyang street and Baofeng street.

Zoning details

Jinning district has jurisdiction over 2 sub district offices (Kunyang sub district and Baofeng sub district), 4 towns (Jincheng Town, Erjie Town, Shangsuan town and LiuJie town), 2 nationality townships (Shuanghe Yi Township and Xiyang Yi township), 129 village committees and 8 residents committees. Kunming Jinning District People's government is located in No. 365, Zhenghe Road, Kunyang street.

geographical environment

Location context

Jinning district is located in the middle of Yunnan Province, 60 km away from Kunming City, between longitude 102 ° 12 ′～ 102 ° 52 ′, latitude 24 ° 23 ′～ 24 ° 48 ′. It is adjacent to Chengjiang County in the East, Hongta District and Jiangchuan District of Yuxi City in the south, Anning City, Eshan county and Yimen County in the west, Xishan District and Chenggong District in the north, with a horizontal distance of 66 km from east to west and a vertical distance of 33 km from south to North, covering a total area of 1336.66 square kilometers.

Jinning area is larger in the northeast, smaller in the southwest and longer in the northeast. The whole area belongs to the middle mountain area and the faulted lake basin area of the central Yunnan Plateau. Since the Jinning tectonic movement of 1 billion years ago, the area has experienced Caledonian movement, Indosinian movement and Himalayan movement, which has laid the foundation of the present landform. Through tens of millions of years of external forces, it has created the landform landscape. The landforms of the whole area are divided into three types: erosion landforms, karst landforms and accumulation landforms.

There are Cambrian alluvium, Permian alluvium and quaternary alluvium in the inner strata of Jinning district. The surface layer of groundwater is composed of Quaternary silt, silty fine sand and sand gravel, and the deep layer is confined water from other faults.

The terrain of Jinning district belongs to the middle mountain area of the central Yunnan Plateau, which is high in the South and low in the north. The Daliangzi mountain in the south is 2648 meters above sea level, which is the highest point in the whole district; the xiaoshibanhe River in the west is 1340 meters above sea level, which is the lowest point in the whole district. Heihan mountain (2494 m above sea level) and Laohushan mountain (2629 m above sea level) of Guanling mountain system in the East Cross Jinning district and Chengjiang County from south to north. Toad mountain (2511 meters above sea level), Daheishan (2373 meters above sea level) HengYuan, southwest of Kunyang Bazi. The central Dianchi Lake is a lakeside basin with an altitude of 1888 meters.

Jinning region is located in low latitude plateau, with strong weathering and red soil. The distribution of soil types is generally as follows: red soil developed from slate in Kunyang and Baofeng; yellow brown soil in jiecaizi mountain and Zhonghe Daheishan mountain above 2370 meters above sea level; red soil developed from limestone in Erjie and Jincheng; red soil developed from sandstone and conglomerate in LiuJie; purple soil in Huale and Xiyang; alluvial soil in Shuanghe area; red soil formed from basalt in yuziwu area; red soil formed from paleosol Lakeside basins such as Chengcheng, Zhonghe, Jincheng and Xinjie belong to a large area of land formed by the withdrawal of sea water from Kunming geosyncline in the late Early Permian. In the Mesozoic, most of them were red marine sediments, and paddy soil gradually formed after thousands of years of agricultural activities. The red soil zones such as Huale, LiuJie and Shuanghe at an altitude of 2200-2648m are locally yellow brown soil. Neutral soil accounted for 35.1% of the total area, alkaline soil accounted for 11.1%, acid soil accounted for 53.9%. The dry land is mainly acidic and slightly acidic.

climate

Jinning district belongs to the low latitude plateau north subtropical monsoon climate zone. There is no severe cold in winter and no intense heat in summer. The four seasons are like spring, with distinct dry and wet seasons. Sometimes it is dry in spring and winter with a little low temperature; it is humid in summer and autumn without high temperature and heat.

According to the statistics of 32 years' measured data of Jinning meteorological station from 1957 to 1988, the annual average temperature is 14.8 ℃, the average temperature of the coldest month (January) is 7.9 ℃, the average temperature of the hottest month (July) is 19.6 ℃, and the annual range is 11.9 ℃. The extreme maximum temperature was 31.4 ℃ (occurred on June 1, 1958 and May 31, 1963), and the extreme minimum temperature was - 6.2 ℃. The annual variation of temperature is small, the warmest year is 15.4 ℃ (appeared in 1987 and 1988), the coldest year is 14 ℃ (1977), and the annual variation range is 1.4 ℃.

hydrology

Jinning district can be divided into three water systems, which belong to four basins. The Northeast belongs to the Jinsha River Dianchi Basin, the northwest belongs to the Jinsha River tanglangjiang basin, the southwest belongs to the Yuanjiang River lvzhijiang basin, and the South belongs to the Pearl River Nanpanjiang Basin. The runoff area of the Yangtze River Basin is 1012.29 square kilometers, accounting for 82.22% of the total land area. The runoff area of the Pearl River Basin is only 59.78 square kilometers, accounting for 4.86% of the total land area. The runoff area of Honghe River Basin is 159.07 square kilometers, accounting for 12.92% of the total land area.

The largest rivers are:

Dahe is one of the main rivers into Dianchi Lake, with a total length of about 31 km. It originates from Guanling mountain range at the junction of Jincheng town and Jiangchuan County

Chinese PinYin : Yun Nan Sheng Kun Ming Shi Jin Ning Qu