Danzhai County, Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture, Guizhou Province

Danzhai county is subordinate to Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture. Located between 107 ° 44 ′ - 108 ° 08 ′ E and 26 ° 05 ′ - 26 ° 26 ′ n, it is located in the southeast of Guizhou Province, bordering Leishan County in the East, Sandu Shui Autonomous County in the south, Duyun City and Majiang County in the West and Kaili City in the north. The county governs 3 towns, 4 townships and 1 state farm. There are 21 ethnic minorities in the county, including Miao, Shui and Buyi. It covers an area of 940 square kilometers and has a total population of 172000 (2013). The county people's government is located in Longquan town. In 2013, the annual GDP of Danzhai county is expected to reach 1.8 billion yuan, the total investment in fixed assets is expected to reach 5.8 billion yuan, and the total retail sales of consumer goods is expected to reach 420 million yuan.

Danzhai County Miao batik, ancient papermaking, Miao Jinji dance, Miao oral classic "Jia", Miao Nian, Miao costumes, Miao mangtong Lusheng sacrificial music and dance have been listed as national intangible cultural heritage protection list by the State Council. In 2012, it won the title of "national leisure agriculture and rural tourism demonstration county" in China. On April 24, 2019, Guizhou Provincial People's government officially approved Danzhai county to withdraw from the poverty-stricken county sequence. China's top 100 summer leisure counties and cities in 2020.

Historical evolution

In the Sui Dynasty, it belonged to Jue county.

Tang Dynasty belongs to Daoying Prefecture in Central Guizhou.

In the Song Dynasty, it was located in the eastern part of the southern part of Jimi Prefecture.

It was established in Yuan Dynasty. During the Yuan Dynasty, the county is now between the capital Yunan pacification department and Dingyun Prefecture. In the 13th year of Zhizheng reign (1353), it was established in the territory. The imperial court set up the Chief Secretary of Yaoba in bagan to manage the local affairs of the county, balang and Yangji.

In the seventh year of Hongwu (1374) of Ming Dynasty, the commander of Yaoba was subordinated to the Ming court. In 1380, it was changed to the Chief Secretary of Miao Yi. In 1385, he was promoted to mengnang Zhili Yaoba pacification department and still managed the original territory affairs.

In the 11th year of Kangxi (1672) of the Qing Dynasty, it was transferred to Duyun Prefecture, and balang and other places were included in Duyun Prefecture. In December of the seventh year of Yongzheng reign (January 1730), the imperial court approved the construction of bazhai hall, which is located in today's laobazhai. According to Guizhou Tongzhi compiled in the sixth year of Qianlong (1741), the jurisdiction of the Department at that time was as follows: "the boundary of yangtiaozhai in Guzhou of Liping Prefecture is 110 Li in the East, the boundary of taipingxun in Duyun county is 30 Li in the west, the boundary of Sanjiao (foot) village in Dushan Prefecture is 60 Li in the south, the boundary of Huangtu village in Danjiang is 120 Li in the north, the boundary of Dilan village in Dujiang is 80 Li in the southeast, and the boundary of pu'anshi in Duyun county is 55 Li in the southwest It is 110 Li to danglangzhai in Danjiang in the northeast and 100 Li to Longli in mahazhou in the northwest. " There are four chieftains under the jurisdiction of the Department: Yaoba division, stationed in Yaoba, leading Yanying, Xingren, Xianning (now Majiang county), shaocha, Longquan, Jijia (now Duyun City), Jinzhong, Jiaoli (now Sandu Shui Autonomous County), accounting for 60 villages; Yangwu division, stationed in Zhusha factory, leading Yangwu, Changqing, Longtang, dangzao, Fuxing, accounting for 43 villages; Paidiao division, stationed in Paidiao, leading Paidiao There are 39 villages in Fangsheng, Jiapei, Yangwu, Yongle (now Leishan county) and Liuwu (now Leishan county); there are 51 villages in Yongan, zhuozuo, Xinhua, Daxing and Nangao. Since then, the area under the jurisdiction of Tingzhi has changed. According to Qiannan Zhilue compiled by aibida, governor of Guizhou Province in 1749, Tingzhi moved westward about 5 kilometers and was located in Tangjin County of Longjing.

The establishment of bazhai hall lasted until the early years of the Republic of China.

In the thirtieth year of the Republic of China (April 1941), the national government withdrew Danjiang county (Leishan), and its southwest part was merged into bazhai. The words "Danjiang" and "bazhai" have been used since then.

On December 4, 1949, Danzhai county was liberated. On December 6, the people's Government of Danzhai county was established, which was subordinate to Dushan district (renamed Duyun District in November 1952). At the same time, Chengguan Office, Yangwu, Xingren District People's government and Longquan Town People's government were established.

On April 18, 1956, the State Council approved by the (56) state establishment Department No. 30 document to abolish Zhenyuan special region and establish Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture. Yuqing County, the former Zhenyuan special region, was assigned to Zunyi special region, while Majiang, Danzhai, Liping, Congjiang and Rongjiang counties in Duyun special region were assigned to Qiandongnan Autonomous Prefecture.

In January 1957, it was renamed Danzhai county.

In January 1959, Danzhai county was abolished and merged with Lushan, Leishan and Majiang to become Kaili county.

In August 1961, the organizational system of Majiang county and Leishan county was restored, and the former Danzhai county was assigned to Majiang county and Leishan county respectively.

In October 1962, Danzhai county was restored.

In 1990, the county had three districts, one district level town, 20 townships (towns) and 157 villages (streets).

In January 1992, with the approval of Guizhou Provincial People's government, the three districts of Longquan, Paidiao and Xingren were abolished; the three townships (towns) of Longquan, Jinzhong and Hexin were merged into Longquan Town, the seven townships (towns) of Paidiao, Chahe, Kongqing, Jiapei, Yangwu, Fangsheng and dangzao were merged into Paidiao Town, the four townships (towns) of Xingren, shaocha, Yanying and Xinhua were merged into Xingren Town, the two townships of Yangwu and Fuxing were merged into Yangwu Town, and the four townships (towns) of Xingren, shaocha, Yanying and Xinhua were merged into Xingren town Changqing township was built in TANG2 Township, Yahui township was built in Yahui Township, maniao Township and Pailu Township, and Nangao township was built in Nangao township.

In August 2019, the people's Government of Guizhou Province approved the establishment of Jinquan street in Danzhai county. Jinquan Street governs the farm community of Longquan Town, Jinyang community, Jinquan community, Donghu community, Zhonghua village, Paizheng village and laobazhai village of Yangwu town. The sub district office is located in Jinquan community.

administrative division

In 2013, Danzhai County governs 3 towns, 4 townships and 1 provincial Economic Development Zone (Danzhai Jinzhong Economic Development Zone): Paidiao Town, Longquan Town, Xingren Town, Yangwu Township, Yahui Township, Nangao Township and Changqing township.

As of August 2019, Danzhai county has jurisdiction over 1 Street, 4 towns and 2 townships: Jinquan street, Longquan Town, Xingren Town, Yangwu Town, paitiao Town, Nangao town and Yahui town.

geographical environment

Location context

Danzhai County, located between 107 ° 44 ′ - 108 ° 08 ′ E and 26 ° 05 ′ - 26 ° 26 ′ n, is located in the southeast of Guizhou Province and the west of Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture, with a total area of 940 square kilometers, adjacent to Leishan, Sandu, Duyun, Majiang and Kaili.

topographic features

Danzhai county is high in Northeast and low in southwest. The highest point is the main peak of Niujiao mountain in Jiapei Township in the East, with an altitude of 1693 meters; the lowest point is the estuary at the junction of dingdong village in Yahui Township and Sandu Shui Autonomous County in the southeast, with an altitude of 370 meters, generally between 700 and 1100 meters. There are four types of landforms, mainly low mountain landforms, accounting for 47.12%, followed by low middle mountain, low middle mountain, low mountain and hilly landforms, and middle mountain landforms only accounting for 2.38%. Different geomorphic types provide conditions for the development of diversified agriculture.

climate

Danzhai county belongs to subtropical monsoon humid climate area, with obvious mountain climate characteristics, which can be divided into four sub regions: warm, warm, cool and cold. The average temperature in summer is 21.0-36 ℃, the average temperature in winter is 2.0-7.0 ℃, the average annual temperature is 12.6-17.2 ℃, and the frost free period is 228-283 days. The average precipitation is 1259.7-1508.4 mm, which is one of the rainy counties in Guizhou Province, but the spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation is uneven.

hydrology

There are 20 rivers in Danzhai County, with an average annual runoff of 794 million cubic meters. There are 11 rivers flowing southward into Liujiang River, including paitiao River, Houzi River and Jijia River, and 9 rivers flowing northward into Qingshui River, including Nangao River and Baini river.

soil

There are six soil types in Danzhai County: red soil, yellow soil, yellow brown soil, purple soil, Black Lime Soil and paddy soil.

natural resources

water resource

According to the isoline compiled by Kaili hydrological center station, the annual average land surface evaporation in Danzhai county is 500-630mm (605mm in Danzhai Meteorological Bureau) and water surface evaporation is 920-960mm (953mm in Danzhai Meteorological Bureau). The annual average runoff depth is 885mm, and the corresponding runoff is 793.7 million cubic meters (including 180 million cubic meters of groundwater). Because the runoff in the territory is mainly caused by the uneven distribution of precipitation in time and space, the runoff varies greatly from place to place. The annual average runoff depth of the eastern boundary of the county is 950mm, while that of the western boundary is only 650mm. There are 20 rivers with a drainage area of more than 20 square kilometers or a river length of more than 10 kilometers in the territory, with a theoretical hydropower reserve of 51689.12 kilowatts and a potential development capacity of 14610 kilowatts.

Botany

There are 519 species of forest woody plants in 97 families in Danzhai County, such as Castanopsis fargesii, Pinus koraiensis, Cunninghamia lanceolata, tung oil tree, Litsea cubeba and Phoebe bournei, with a forest coverage rate of 30.70%. There are 222 species in 35 families. There are many species of ancient, endangered and rare plants in the county, of which 24 species are known. Among them, 14 species are listed as the first batch of national protected tree species in Guizhou Province, accounting for 33% of 42 species in Guizhou Province. There are mainly Ginkgo biloba, Taiwania flousiana, Keteleeria fortunei, Keteleeria pubescens, Taxus spicata, Cupressus chinensis, Fokienia hodginsii, yinqueshu, Eucommia ulmoides, Quercus alba, xiangguoshu, baixinshu, Minshu, nanmu, decadentate flower, cauda equisetifolia, sassafras, Taxus microphylla, jinqianji, Cyclocarya paliurus, yeheidou, yecaidou, yefandou, yehongpi, etc. There are 518 species in 166 families including Cinnamomum cassia, Eucommia ulmoides, Phellodendron amurense, honeysuckle, musk deer and cinnabar.

animal

Wild animals in Danzhai County: leopard cat, hare, white faced deer, rat, squirrel, flying mouse, bamboo mouse, fox, otter, bat, marmot, etc. The main birds are swallow, wild duck, cuckoo, eagle, owl, monkey faced eagle, crow, pheasant, golden pheasant, bamboo chicken, Han chicken, quail, thrush, sparrow, magpie and pecker

Chinese PinYin : Gui Zhou Sheng Qian Dong Nan Miao Zu Dong Zu Zi Zhi Zhou Dan Zhai Xian