Kaiyang County, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province

Kaiyang County Kaiyang County, located in Luoding City, Guangdong Province, is an ancient historical County in Guangdong Province. It plays an extremely important role in administration and trade. Kaiyang County has existed since 214 BC and has been the local administrative and Trade Center. It was not until 1304 ad that the county government was moved from Kaiyang township to Luoding city.

Kaiyang County has always played a very important role in cultural construction. According to the records of Luoding county annals, looking for the source of the long river and the local love net of the Luoding government in the Republic of China, as early as 630 A.D., the imperial court ordered the construction of Confucian schools (also known as Confucian Temples) throughout the country. Kaiyang County took the lead in responding to the construction of Confucian schools that year.

It was maintained in Song Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty, and used in school teaching in Qing Dynasty. So far, we can still see the site of Xuegong. In the early years, both the government and the people in Luoding had the consciousness of protecting Kaiyang culture. Among them, a group of Luoding enthusiasts formed a public welfare organization named guoxueting Kaiyang society, which aims to carry forward Kaiyang culture again, let the masses know Luoding's history and culture again, and add it to the protection of Luoding's historical sites and culture.

Historical evolution

In the 33rd year of the reign of the king of Qin (214 BC), Qin Shihuang sent Ren Xiao and Zhao Tuo to lead the army to pacify Lingnan, and Baiyue became Nanhai county. Nanhai county leads 18 counties, including Kaiyang County, which is governed by Chuanbu town in Luoding. In the first year of emperor Gaodi of Han Dynasty (206 BC), Nanhai county magistrate Ren Xiao died, and Longchuan County Magistrate Zhao Tuo stood on his own. Five years ago (202 BC), Zhao Tuo bribed Minyue, Xi'ou and Luoyue with money and property. Lingnan was included in Nanyue, and its jurisdiction has been extended to Luoding. In the sixth year of Yuanding (111 BC), general Lu bode of hanfubo and General Yang Pu of louchuan destroyed Nanyue and established seven counties in the former Nanyue area. Among them, Cangwu County owns Duanxi County, and its jurisdiction includes Deqing, Luoding, Fengkai, Yunan and Yunan. Wu Huangwu five years (226): Cangwu county to Guangzhou, Duanxi county to Guangzhou Cangwu County jurisdiction. In 361, the fifth year of emperor mu of Jin Dynasty, the county was divided into Cangwu County, diduanxi County, Jinkang County, and Lingxian county. Among them, Longxiang county and furuan county were located in Luoding.

Different periods

In the Southern Qi Dynasty (480-502), the governor was set up in Xijiang and Nanjiang, which was specially responsible for the expedition and appeasement of liliao. Luoding was under its jurisdiction. During the reign of Yongming of Qi Dynasty (483-493), Longxiang county was divided into three counties: Longxiang County, Yongxi county and Luoping County, which were subordinate to Guangxi county. The original furuan county was still subordinate to Jinkang county. During the Liang Chen period (502-589) of the Southern Dynasty, there were two prefectures in Luoding, namely, Longxiang and Jianzhou, and four counties, namely, Longxiang, Kaiyang, Yongxi and Annan. The two prefectures include Luoding, Yunan, Yuncheng, Xinyi and Cenxi. In the first year of Taiqing Dynasty (547), Liang appointed Chen Baxian as Zhenyuan general, Xijiang governor and Gaoyao prefect. He was in charge of the seven prefectures and Longzhou.
Chen fanian, a native of Yanling, was an official of Liang Dynasty. He was a general of Hushi. He was the governor of Xinzhou and Shizhou, and the governor of Xijiang and Nanjiang. Later, he settled in Longzhou. The ninth year of kaihuang in Sui Dynasty (589): abolishing county level institutions and reserving state and county level political power. Longxiang county was changed into Pingyuan County, which is under the jurisdiction of Longzhou with Kaiyang County and Yongye county (now Cenxi County in Guangxi), and Yongxi and Annan counties are under the jurisdiction of Jianzhou. In the 18th year of kaihuang reign of Sui Dynasty (598), Pingyuan county was changed to Longshui County, and the title of "Longshui" first appeared. Sui Daye three years (607): change Longzhou to Yongxi county. In 621, the fourth year of Wude in Tang Dynasty, Chen Puguang, the magistrate of Yongning County, and Hui Ji, the monk, built the Taoist temple in the rock room of longkan in Pingtang. In the fifth year of Wude of Tang Dynasty (622), part of the land of Longshui County in Gelong Prefecture was set up as Anan county. So far, there are four counties in Luoding County: Longshui and Kaiyang, which are subordinate to Longzhou; Annan and Yongning, which are subordinate to nanjianzhou. 624, the seventh year of Wude in Tang Dynasty: in June, the officials of Longzhou revolted, and the imperial court sent Li Guangming, the governor of nanyinzhou, to lead the troops to suppress it. the first year of Tang Zhenguan (627): Emperor Taizong divided the whole country into 10 Daos, and Daos governed the States. Today Luoding area is divided into Lingnan Daolong state and Nanjian state. (630) in the fourth year of Zhenguan of Tang Dynasty, the imperial court ordered that all prefectures and counties set up Confucius temples, and Kaiyang County first established Confucius Temple (school Palace) in the county (now Luoding Chuanbu). 631, the fifth year of Zhenguan in Tang Dynasty: the Liao people in Longzhou revolted, and Feng ang, the general manager of Gaozhou, led 20000 troops to suppress, killing more than 1000 people. In the 14th year of Tang Zhenguan (640): in March, the Liao people in Longzhou revolted, and the general manager of Guangzhou, Dang Renhong, led the troops for the general manager of Dou Zhoudao's March. More than 1700 men and women were captured. In 644, the four counties of Longshui, Kaiyang, Yongning and Annan were unified under the jurisdiction of Longzhou. 699: Chen Ji's original work "longkan Daochang inscription and preface" was engraved on the longkan rock in Pingtang. The stone carving is one of the oldest existing cliff stone carvings in Guangdong Province, and is now a protected cultural relic at the provincial level. the first year of Tang Shenlong (705): on the 24th day of the first month, Empress Wu passed the throne to Prince Li Xian (Zhongzong). On the fourth day of February, the title of the great Tang Dynasty was restored. On the fifth day of February, Zhang Yizhi, the favorite Minister of Empress Wu Zetian, and Zuo Fenghuan, the minister and supervisor of Zhang changzong, who was involved in the killing of Zhang changzong, worshiped song Zhiwen (a poet of the early Tang Dynasty), were demoted to join the army in Longzhou, and arrived in March. In the second year of Tang Shenlong (706): in June, Huan yanfan, the Prime Minister of Zhongshu, was demoted as Sima of Longzhou. In August, Zhang cambozhi, the prime minister, was exiled to Taki Prefecture. 714, the second year of Kaiyuan in Tang Dynasty: the monks decided to build Kaiyuan Temple in the south of today's Luocheng. That year, the people of Longzhou used the newly reclaimed land to raise grass carp (grass carp) to transform the soil, which was the first in the history of Lingnan agriculture. The 16th year of Kaiyuan in Tang Dynasty (728): in this year, Chen Xingfan, Feng fan, he Youlu, the leaders of Liao nationality in Longzhou, Guangzhou and other places, led the people to join forces, accounting for more than 40 cities. Chen was the emperor of Longzhou, Feng was the king of Nanyue, and he was the general of Dingguo. Yang sixu, the eunuch of the cavalry general sent by the Tang Dynasty, led 100000 troops to suppress it. He arrested Chen, Feng and he, killed more than 60000 people of Liao nationality, and obtained a huge sum of gold and silver. In the autumn of 729, the 17th year of Kaiyuan in Tang Dynasty, Zhang Jiuling, who was then the governor of Guizhou and the by elected envoy of Lingnan, and the official to the prime minister in 733, the 21st year of Kaiyuan in Tang Dynasty, came to visit Zhao. He passed by the long river and wrote the poem "going to the long gorge". The first year of Tianbao in Tang Dynasty (742): Longzhou was changed into Kaiyang County and Yongning County into Jianshui County. The four counties of Longshui, Kaiyang, Jianshui and Annan (later changed to Zhennan) led by Kaiyang County are all in today's Luoding. The sixth year of Kaibao in Song Dynasty (973): Kaiyang, Jianshui and Zhennan were all merged into Longshui County, which governs Luoding, Yunan, Yuncheng, Xinyi and Cenxi. So far, Luoding belongs to Longshui county. In the same year, taki Prefecture was abandoned. 1277: in March, Longshui county was under the jurisdiction of the Yuan Dynasty. In 1278, the Yao people in Deqing and Longshui made trouble. In 1304, the eighth year of Dade in Yuan Dynasty, Chen Ze, the magistrate of Longshui County, moved the governance of Longshui county from Kaiyang township (now the old county village of Chuanbu town) to yanglubu township (now nanpingwei in the urban area), built government offices and schools without city.

Chinese PinYin : Gui Zhou Sheng Gui Yang Shi Kai Yang Xian