Zitong County, Mianyang City, Sichuan Province

Zitong, Zitong County, has been known as "the land of all grains and the land of abundant forests and silkworms" since ancient times. It is named after "the forest in the East and the water in the west". In the 22nd year of King Zhaoxiang of Qin Dynasty (285 BC), the county was established.

In 2020, Zitong county has 16 towns (townships) with a total population of 380000. The Gross Regional Product (GDP) was 917823 million yuan, of which the added value of the primary industry was 2.72723 billion yuan, the added value of the secondary industry was 3.69513 billion yuan, and the added value of the tertiary industry was 2.75587 billion yuan. The contribution rates of the three industries to GDP growth are 15.9%, 53.1% and 31% respectively. The three industrial structure is 29.7:40.3:30.

Historical evolution

The origin of place names

The name of Zitong originated from Xia and Shang Dynasties. According to Shu Ji quoted in Guangbo Wuzhi, Zitong was originally named Nichen mountain. It was the place where soil was laid for Xiayu to control water and dredge rivers, so it was named Nichen mountain. In order to get along with the rivers, he wanted to build a canoe. He knew that there was a catalpa tree in Mount Nichen with a diameter of one foot and two inches. He ordered the craftsman to cut it, but the catalpa tree did not fall. He turned it into a boy, and Yu was responsible for cutting it. The ancestors took Zishu as a child, that is to say, they changed mount Nichen into mount Zitong, which is named Zitong because it is surrounded by snake and water. Because of this, sheshui is also named zitongshui, which is also the name of the county where Qin set up. Its name actually means that Zitong tree and boy change each other. When Wang Xiangzhi wrote "Taiping Huanyu Ji" in the Northern Song Dynasty to describe the origin of the name of Zitong, he said: "the county is named Zitong because it lies on Zitong forest in the East and tongshui in the West." The origin of the name of the county has a new meaning, saying that it originated from tongshui, Zilin.

History of construction

During the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, Zitong belonged to the kingdom of Shu. In the autumn of the ninth year of gengyuan (316 BC), King Huiwen of Qin Dynasty sent Zhang Yi, Sima CuO and Duwei Mo to invade Shu. Kaiming XII, the king of Shu, led the army of Shu to Judi (including the area from Guangyuan, Sichuan to Hanzhong, Shaanxi) to resist the Qin army. Jiameng, the brother of the king of Shu, betrayed the kingdom of Shu and attached himself to Qin. The Shu army was defeated and retreated to Zitong to fight again with the Qin army. General Wuding (five brothers) of Shu army died in Zitong. The king of Shu retreated to Wuyang (now Jiangkou Town, Pengzhou City, Sichuan Province) and killed the Qin army. His prime minister, Fu and Prince retreated to Fengxiang (now Bailu township of Pengxian county), which was also killed by the Qin army. The prince of Shu led the remnant to flee to the South and the kingdom of Shu died. Zitong entered the territory of Qin state. In the 22nd year of King Zhao of Qin Dynasty (285 BC), the Qin Dynasty began to implement the system of prefectures and counties in Shu. Shu county was set up and divided into 31 counties. Zitong county was set up and belonged to Shu County of Qin state.

In the fifth year of emperor Gaozu of the Western Han Dynasty (202 BC), general Lin Zhi was sent to pacify Bashu. The Han Dynasty inherited the system of Qin Dynasty and still implemented the system of prefectures and counties. In the sixth year of Gaozu (201 BC), Guanghan county was set up in Zitong Shenxiang (Chengxiang and Shengxiang) which "controlled Sanba and led Yizhou". In history, it was said that "Sichuan was divided into Ba areas to set up Guanghan". "Shenxiang Kao" says: "the name of the county is Guanghan, which means that the Han industry can be expanded." "Geography records of the Han Dynasty" records: "Guanghan County, Gaodi set. Mang, the capital of Jiudu, belongs to Yizhou, where there are Gongguan (Gongguan is the official in charge of the country's important economic enterprises, and only nine counties in the Western Han Dynasty were equipped with such officials) Another record: Guanghan County, 167499 households, 662249 households. County 13: Zitong (county), Zhifang (now Shifang City), Fu (county now Mianyang), Luo (county now Guanghan City), Mianzhu (county now Huangxu Town, Luojiang county), Jiameng (county now Zhaohua Town, Guangyuan City), Qi (county now Qijiang Town, Santai County), Xindu (county now Xindu, Chengdu City), diandidao (county now Jiuzhaigou County, Sichuan Province), Baishui (county now Qingchuan county) County Baishui town), Gangdi Road (Daozhi now Pingwu County), Yinping Road (Daozhi now Wenxian County, Gansu Province), etc. In the fifth year of Yuanfeng (106bc), Emperor Wudi of Han Dynasty set up the Department of history of Yizhou, under which Guanghan county was subordinate. In the first year (9 years), Wang Mang, the Duke of Anguo, replaced Liu Ying, the Ruzi emperor, and took over the throne. That is to say, "Han" was changed to "Xin". In order to avoid the taboo of "Han", Guanghan County in Zitong was renamed as Zitong county.

In the first year of Jianwu (25th year) of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Gongsun ruled Shu and established "Dacheng" state, and changed Zitong County into Jiudu county. In the 12th year of Jianwu (36th year), Emperor Guangwu Liu Xiu sent his great Sima Wu Han and led the Southern General Cen Peng to invade Shu. When Dacheng kingdom was defeated, Jiudu County belonged to the territory of Eastern Han Dynasty and was still named Guanghan county. It was under the jurisdiction of Yizhou. It had nine counties, including Zitong County, Xindu County, Shifang County, Luo County, Mianzhu County, Baishui County, Jiameng County, Qi county and Guanghan county (now Liushu town of Shehong County). In the 58th year of emperor Yongping of the Han Dynasty, Deyang county (now YANMENBA town of Jiangyou City) was set up in the northwest of Zitong, which was subordinate to Guanghan county. In 111, Duqi and Wangxin, the leaders of Qiang people in Hanyang County of Liangzhou (now in Gangu County of Gansu Province), united with di and Qiang people in the territory to revolt, broke Hanzhong and Brazil (now in Langzhong) and forced Guanghan. The prefects of Hanzhong, Brazil and Guanghan all led the military and government officials to move to Fu County (now Mianyang). The governor's Department of Yizhou also moved to Fu County and dispatched the soldiers of Yizhou to fight back. In the fourth year of the Yuan Dynasty (117), the Qiang people retreated, and the two prefectures of Brazil and Hanzhong still moved back to their original places. The city of Zitong, which was ruled by Guanghan County, was devastated by the war, so it was moved to Luoxian county (now Guanghan City). Zitong is still a county under the jurisdiction of Guanghan county. In the Western Han Dynasty, Deyang County, located in the northwest of Zitong, was moved to longfengchang County in the lower reaches of Fujiang River (now longfengchang County in Suining City). It was still named Deyang and belonged to Guanghan county. The original jurisdiction in Zitong is still Zitong county. In 213, after the battle of Chibi, Mu Liu Bei of Yuzhou went up the river from Jingzhou (now Jingzhou, Hubei Province) to Yizhou, and then to Fu County (now Mianyang). Entrusted by Mu Liu Zhang of Yizhou, he led his army to attack Zhanglu of Hanzhong from Jinniu Road. Liu Bei led his army to Jiameng (now Zhaohua town in Guangyuan), and followed the plan of Pang Tong and Shu generals to attack Liu Zhang. According to the records of Huayang state, when Liu Bei led his army to attack Liu Zhang, he divided 800 troops and left Zhonglang general Huo Jun to guard Jiameng. In Hanzhong, Zhang Lu heard that Liu Bei led his army to the south, leaving only a lone army to guard Jiameng. He sent General Yang Bo to lead his army to attack Jiameng and asked Huo Jun to surrender. Huo said, "you can get a small head, but you can't get a city." Yang Bo had to lead the defeated army back to Hanzhong. Liu Zhang, a herdsman in Yizhou, saw Liu Bei's treachery and led his army to attack the south. He dispatched two generals Xiang Cun and Fu Jin, who guarded Brazil (now Langzhong), to lead his army to attack Jiameng, which was defeated by Huo Jun. In the 19th year of Jian'an (214), Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty, Liu Zhang was defeated and surrendered, and Liu Bei entered Chengdu. In order to reward Huo Jun for his contribution, he set up Zitong County in the 22nd year of Jian'an (217), with Huo Jun as the prefect of Zitong county. According to the records of Huayang state: "in 217, Guanghan set up Zitong County, with Jun as the prefect and thousands of households. The county belonged to Zitong (county governance), Jiange (county governance now Jianmen town), Fu County (county governance now Mianyang), Hanshou (changed Jiameng to Hanshou, county governance now Guangyuan Zhaohua town), Baishui (county governance now Qingchuan Baishui town) and Zhaohuan (county governance now Qingchuan Baishui town) Jiameng was established, and the county governs Shahe Town in Guangyuan and hande county (the county governs Hanyang town in Jiange)

In 263, the first year of Yanxing in Shu Han Dynasty, Cao Wei sent generals Zhong Hui and Deng AI to attack Shu, and later Liu Chan surrendered. After Wei conquered Shu, Shu was divided into Liang and Yi prefectures. Zitong county was still set up, which was subordinate to Liang state of Wei (now Hanzhong of Shaanxi Province) and still divided into seven counties in Shu Han Dynasty.

The Western Jin Dynasty. After Wei exterminated Shu, the book of history ordered Sima Zhao to take the achievement of exterminating Shu as his own, and forced Cao Huan, the Yuan emperor of Wei, to be the king of Jin. In 265, Sima Zhao died, and his son general Sima Yan forced Cao huanchan to abdicate. After Sima Yan took over the throne of emperor, he established the Jin Dynasty and established the capital of Luoyang, which is known as the Western Jin Dynasty in history. Zitong county is still under the jurisdiction of Liangzhou in the Western Jin Dynasty. In 298, the hungry people from Yongzhou (now Shaanxi) and Liangzhou (now Gansu) went to Sichuan for food. According to the decree of Zitong County, the northwest area of Zitong county was set up as Wulian County (now Wulian town of Jiange county). Then cut the northwest of Zitong county and set up Wan'an county (the county governs Xianfeng township of Zitong County today). Two new counties were set up to appease and resettle the refugees. Since then, Zitong county has eight counties: Zitong, Fucheng (changed the name of Fucheng county to Fucheng county), Wulian, Wan'an, hande, Jinshou (changed the name of Hanshou to Jinshou, and now the county governs Zhaohua town of Guangyuan City), Jiange, Baishui, etc. In the first year of Yongkang (300 years), the governor of Yizhou, Luo Shang, drove the refugees into Sichuan by force. The refugees elected Li te as the general of Zhenbei and resisted the Jin army. After the refugees captured Zitong, Li te took his nephew Li Li (son of Li te's brother-in-law Li Han) as the prefect of Zitong county. In 303, Li Xiong, the eldest son of Li te, conquered Chengdu and became the king of Chengdu. In the third year of Yongjia (309), Hongqi and Zhang Jingou, the ministers of Li Li, the prefect of Zitong County, defected, killed Li Li, the prefect, and surrendered to the Western Jin Dynasty. Li Li's uncles Li Yun and Li Huang lead the army to attack Zitong. They are killed by Hongqi and Zhang Jingou in the suburb of Zitong. After Wang Lixiong of Chengdu personally led a large army to attack Zitong county and occupied Fucheng County of Zitong County, he set up Zitong County in Fucheng County, which belongs to Dacheng state. Zitong County in the Western Jin Dynasty was still located in Zitong county. In the fifth year of Yongjia (311), Li Xiong led the army to conquer Zitong County, and Zitong County in the Western Jin Dynasty also disappeared. Zitong county was still under the jurisdiction of Fucheng county. In the first year of Hanxing (338), after Li Shou took over the throne of emperor, he changed the name of the country to "Han". Zitong county was still set up, and it was still under the jurisdiction of Zitong county (Fucheng county). Wan'an county (now Xianfeng township of Zitong county) located in Shuiwei of Zitong county was moved to chanting (now Luojiang county).

The third year of Yonghe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (3)

Chinese PinYin : Si Chuan Sheng Mian Yang Shi Zi Tong Xian