Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County, Chongqing

Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County is located in the southeast of Chongqing and the hinterland of Wuling mountain area. It is an important gateway from Chongqing to Hubei, Hunan and Guizhou. It is known as "the gateway of Southeast Chongqing and the throat of Hunan and Guizhou". Youyang County is adjacent to Longshan County of Hunan Province in the East, Xiushan County, Songtao county and Yinjiang County of Guizhou Province in the south, Yanhe County of Guizhou Province across the river in the west, Pengshui County in the northwest and Qianjiang District, Xianfeng County and Laifeng County of Hubei Province in the north.

By the end of 2017, Youyang County, covering an area of 5173 square kilometers, has jurisdiction over 39 townships and towns, with Tujia and Miao as the main ethnic groups, as well as Han, Hui, Mongolian and other ethnic groups, a total of 18 ethnic groups. By the end of 2019, the registered residence population of the county was 856 thousand and 400.

Youyang County has won the honorary titles of "national advanced county in scientific and technological progress", "national civilized county", "China's famous green county", "municipal ecological county", "the fifth batch of national demonstration areas for national unity and progress", "national health county in 2019", etc. It enjoys the reputation of "the hometown of Artemisia annua in the world".

Evolution of organizational system

In ancient times, Youyang was the border between Liang and Jing in Yugong.

The spring and Autumn period is the juncture of Ba and Chu.

Qin belongs to Qianzhong County, Han belongs to Youyang County, Three Kingdoms belongs to Shuhan, Jin belongs to Wuling county and Fuling county.

Tang belonged to Wuzhou and Sizhou. After the Five Dynasties, it was occupied by local clans and called Youyang village.

The Northern Song Dynasty belonged to Sizhou. In the Southern Song Dynasty, it was the official land of Ran family.

The Yuan Dynasty was governed by Youyang Prefecture, and later it was promoted to Xuanwei Department of Youyang.

In the Ming Dynasty, it was Xuanfu, the governor of Youyang.

The Qing Dynasty established Youyang Zhili Prefecture. In 1735 (the 13th year of Yongzheng reign of the Qing Dynasty), Youyang set up Zhili Prefecture and governed you, Xiu, Qian and Peng counties.

In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), Youyang abandoned the state as a county, belonging to Eastern Sichuan. In 1935, it was the eighth administrative supervision district.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, in November 1949, Youyang district was set up, with jurisdiction over you, Xiu and Qian counties. In September 1952, Youyang district was abolished and the three counties were assigned to Fuling District. In November 1983, Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County was established. In May 1988, it was assigned to Qianjiang area. In July 2000, Qianjiang district was established and Youyang Autonomous County was put under the direct control of Chongqing Municipality. In February 2020, Youyang County will withdraw from the national key poverty alleviation and development counties.

administrative division

Division evolution

In 1997, Youyang County, with an area of 5173 square kilometers and a population of 689000, had jurisdiction over three towns and 78 townships. The county government is located in Zhongduo town.

In 2001, Youyang County adjusted 81 townships to 39, including 10 towns, 64 townships, 7 townships, 14 towns and 18 townships. After the adjustment, the average area of villages and towns expanded to 132.64 square kilometers, and the average population of villages and towns increased to more than 19000.

In 2002, Youyang County governed 14 towns, 25 townships, 17 neighborhood committees and 727 village committees. The registered residence population is 737 thousand and 800, of which 69 thousand and 200 are non agricultural population.

In 2004, Youyang County adjusted 17 villages of 14 towns including Mawang town and Longtan town.

Zoning details

By October 30, 2014, Youyang County has jurisdiction over 2 streets, 14 towns and 23 townships: Taohuayuan street, Zhongduo street, Longtan Town, Mawang Town, Youhui Town, Daxi Town, Xinglong Town, Heishui Town, Dingshi Town, gongtan Town, Lixi Town, Ganxi Town, Houxi Town, Cangling Town, Xiaohe Town, Banxi Town, Tushi Town, Tonggu Town, Keda Town, pianbai Town, Wufu Town, Muye town and Maoyang town Ba Township, Huatian Township, houpingba Township, Tianguan Township, livable Township, WanMu Township, Liangyao Township, Banqiao Township, Guanqing Township, nanyaojie Township, Chetian Township, Yudi Township, Qingquan Township, Miaoxi Township, LANGPING Township, Shuangquan Township and nanmu township.

geographical environment

Location context

Youyang County is located in the southeast of Chongqing, between 108 ° 18'25 "- 109 ° 19'02" E and 28 ° 19'28 "- 29 ° 24'18" n. It is adjacent to Longshan County of Hunan Province in the East, Xiushan County, Songtao county and Yinjiang County of Guizhou Province in the south, Yanhe County of Guizhou Province across Wujiang River in the west, Pengshui County in the northwest and Qianjiang District, Xianfeng County and Laifeng County of Hubei Province in the north. It covers an area of 5173 square kilometers, 98.3 kilometers wide from east to west and 119.7 kilometers long from north to south.

Climatic characteristics

Youyang County belongs to subtropical humid monsoon climate zone, with abundant rainfall throughout the year, warm in winter and cool in summer. The annual average sunshine hours is 1131 hours. The annual average temperature decreased from 17 ℃ to 11.8 ℃ in the middle mountain area. The coldest temperature is 3.8 ℃ in January and the highest is 24.5 ℃ in July. The annual rainfall is generally 1000-1500 mm.

topographic features

Youyang County belongs to Wuling mountain area, with high terrain in the middle and low terrain in the East and West. Liangzi of laohuiqian in the north is the highest point of Youyang County, with an altitude of 1895 meters; dongjiazhai in the west is the lowest point, with an altitude of 263 meters. The topography of the whole county fluctuates greatly, and the landform is divided into middle mountain area with an altitude of 800-1895 meters; low mountain area with an altitude of 600-800 meters; trough valley and Pingba area with an altitude of 263-600 meters.

River system

Taking maobagai mountains as the watershed, Youyang County forms two water systems: Youshui River and Longtan River in the East are Yuanjiang River system; Xiaohe River and Apeng River in the West are Wujiang River system.

natural resources

mineral resources

Youyang County has proved more than 20 kinds of mineral resources with mining value, rich in magnesium, lead-zinc, pyrite, marble and mercury, including 1.6 million tons of fluorite and barite, 8.8 million tons of pyrite and 400 million cubic meters of marble.

Biological resources

There are 19 species of gymnosperms in 17 genera of 8 families, 194 species of angiosperms in 132 genera of 63 families and 12 species of Bambusoideae in Youyang County.

The animals are mainly composed of sub tropical forest and farmland fauna, which can be divided into four categories: 33 species of mammals, belonging to 5 orders and 12 families; 4 species of maoguan deer, clouded leopard, Hu monkey and monkey belong to the second category of protected animals; 3 species of protected animals are big civet; 149 species of birds, belonging to 10 orders and 29 families; white crane belongs to the first category of protected animals, red bellied horned pheasant belongs to the second category of protected animals; 14 species of reptiles, belonging to 4 orders and 7 families There are 10 species of amphibians, including giant salamander and other rare wild animals.

water resource

Youyang County is rich in water resources, which is one of the top 100 counties in China. The annual average precipitation is 6.706 billion cubic meters, and the annual average runoff is 4.484 billion cubic meters, including 461 million cubic meters of groundwater recharge. The theoretical reserves of hydropower resources are 435000 kW, and the economically exploitable capacity is 344800 kW.

Home of Artemisia annua in the world

Chongqing Youyang enjoys the reputation of "the hometown of Artemisia annua in the world". It is the most important production base of Artemisia annua in the world. It is also an enrichment area with high artemisinin content in the world. The average artemisinin content is as high as 8 ‰, and 80% of the raw materials of Artemisia annua in the world are produced in Chongqing Youyang.

Population nationality

population

Youyang County is a minority autonomous county mainly composed of Tujia and Miao Nationalities.

At the end of 2016, the registered residence of Youyang County Public Security population was 853 thousand and 500, of which 272 thousand and 500 were urban and 581 thousand were rural. There were 8659 registered births throughout the year. At the end of the year, there were 551600 permanent residents, with an urbanization rate of 32.16%, 1.25 percentage points higher than that in 2015.

At the end of 2019, the county registered residence population of 856 thousand and 400 people, including 276 thousand and 800 urban residents, 579 thousand and 600 rural residents, 790 thousand and 500 ethnic minorities, 691 thousand and 900 Tujia people, 97 thousand and 500 Miao people, and 9589 born persons registered throughout the year. The birth rate of the population is 11.21 ‰; the sex ratio of newborn babies (100 females, male to female ratio) is 111.5; 5369 people died in the whole year, with a mortality rate of 6.28 ‰; the average life expectancy is 75.4 years; and the natural growth rate of the population is 4.93 ‰. At the end of the year, there were 546500 permanent residents, with an urbanization rate of 36.51%, 1.51 percentage points higher than that of the previous year.

nation

Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County has a total population of 860400, including 17 ethnic minorities and 790400 people, accounting for 91.86% of the total population. Among them, there are 693000 Tujia people, accounting for 80.54% of the total population, and 97400 Miao people, accounting for 11.32% of the total population. In addition, there are 24 Hui, 171 Zhuang, 84 Buyi, 30 Manchu, 138 Dong, 24 Bai and 53 Li.

Economics

overview

In 2019, Youyang County's GDP will reach 18.672 billion yuan, an increase of 0.1% over the previous year. The added value of the primary industry was 3.454 billion yuan, an increase of 4.9% over the previous year; the added value of the secondary industry was 3.513 billion yuan, a decrease of 22.3%, of which the added value of the industrial industry was 1.694 billion yuan, a decrease of 29.4% over the previous year; the added value of the construction industry was 1.819 billion yuan, a decrease of 13.8% over the previous year; the added value of the tertiary industry was 11.705 billion yuan, an increase of 7.6% over the previous year. According to the resident population, the per capita GDP reached 34148 yuan, an increase of 5328 yuan or 0.3% over the previous year.

The total revenue of the county was 2.308 billion yuan, an increase of 9.0% over the previous year, including 1.708 billion yuan, an increase of 17.1% over the previous year. The general public budget revenue was 1.019 billion yuan, 8.8% lower than that of the previous year. Tax revenue reached 751 million yuan, down 12.5% from the previous year, of which the value-added tax revenue was 286 million yuan, down 8.2% from the previous year

Chinese PinYin : Zhong Qing Shi Xian You Yang Tu Jia Zu Miao Zu Zi Zhi Xian