Tailai County, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province

Tailai County is a county under the jurisdiction of Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province. It is located in the southwest of Heilongjiang Province, at the junction of Heilongjiang, Jilin and Inner Mongolia, known as "Jiming three provinces". With an area of 3996 square kilometers and a population of 320000 (2001), Tailai County governs 8 towns, 2 townships, 83 administrative villages and 532 natural villages. There are 20 ethnic groups including Han, Mongolian, Manchu, Hui and Korean. Tailai County is one of the earliest places in Heilongjiang Province. Shangjing road Taizhou was built in Liao Dynasty, and Tailai County was set up in 1916.

Tailai County enjoys the reputation of "land of fish and rice". It was once designated as a semi farming and semi grazing County, a commodity grain production base county, a fine wool sheep and commodity cattle base county, a fruit tree base county, a mung bean town in China, a peanut "four red" town in China, a member unit of China seed group, a corn special base county in Heilongjiang Province, and a national advanced county for village cleaning action in 2019. On May 5, 2019, the Heilongjiang provincial government approved Tailai County to withdraw from the poverty-stricken county sequence.

The origin of county name

At the end of the Qing Dynasty, "tailaiqi" was a small village in zalait banner, one of the ten Mongolian banners in Horqin. There used to be a Mongolian Lama who used to plant flowers for the nearby villagers to prevent smallpox. For a long time, people call this place "Tara opera" out of gratitude, which means "planting" in Mongolian. Due to the opening up of Mongolian wasteland, the Han people constantly moved in and settled down, and the Mongolian people gradually moved to the West. People mistakenly call it "Tai Lai Qi" according to the homonym of "Ta La Xi". In 1913, a governing Council was set up in Tailai Qi. Zhang Yuhua, a member of the Governing Council, invited celebrities to discuss the name of the Governing Council. He believed that the first two words of "Tailai Qi" were exactly the same as the second word of "Tailai Qi". After the establishment of the county governance Bureau, it has been called "Tailai".

Historical evolution

Since ancient times, the ancestors of the Chinese nation have been working, reproducing and living on this land. From Tang and Yu dynasties to Zhou and Qin Dynasties, it was inhabited by the Han, Three Kingdoms, Wei, Jin, and Northern and Southern Dynasties,

In Sui and Tang Dynasties, it was the residence of the Shiwei people.

In the Liao Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of Taizhou, Shangjing road. In the Jin Dynasty, it was under the continued Liao system, and Tailai was the residence of ten thousand Han troops in Taizhou.

In 1206 (the sixth year of jintaihe), the leader of the Mongolian nirun tribe also speeded up his eldest son Tiemuzhen to unify most of the Mongolian tribes, and built a Mongolian Khanate on the Bank of the Nen River (also known as the Gunan River), which was named Genghis Khan and began to enfeoffment his brothers. Tai Lai granted land to the younger brother of Genghis Khan.

In 1271 (the eighth year of the Yuan Dynasty), Kublai Khan, the emperor of the Yuan Dynasty, abolished the Mongol Khanate and changed the name of the country to yuan. His capital was located in Dadu (now Beijing).

Tailai belongs to Taining Road, Zhongshu province. It was changed to Liaoyang Province during the reign of Yanyou in Yuan Dynasty.

In 1389 (the 22nd year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty), wuliangha Sanwei (Fuyu, Duoyan, Taining Sanwei) was set up, which was subordinate to Daning Dusi, and Tailai belonged to Duoyan.

In 1436 (the first year of the Ming Dynasty), wuliangha Sanwei became a slave of nurgandu.

In the early Qing Dynasty, it was the nomadic land of zalait banner, belonging to the Zhelimu League.

In 1906 (the 32nd year of Guangxu reign of Qing Dynasty), Dalai hall was set up in molehonggangzi (today's Dalai Town, Jilin Province) in zalait banner, and Dalai hall was set up in tazicheng. It was subordinate to Heilongjiang general (changed to Heilongjiang Province the next year). At the same time, the Bureau of famine affairs along the river was set up in duerbert banner. When it was released, it was in the period of peace, year and abundance.

In 1907 (the 33rd year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty), the Bureau of famine affairs along the Yangtze River was abolished, and Wuxing government office was set up at duonai station.

At the same time, halahuoshuo Reclamation Bureau was set up on the West Bank of Nenjiang River to manage the reclamation of the veterans of Beiyang army.

In 1909 (the first year of Xuantong of the Qing Dynasty), Wuxing was abolished and the government office was set up. In halahuoshuo Reclamation Bureau, it managed the wasteland affairs of duerbert and zalaite banners, which was called duzha Reclamation Bureau.

On November 19, 1913, duza Reclamation Bureau was abolished. It was the beginning of the administrative establishment of Tailai that it set up the Administration Bureau in Tailai and delimited with Dalai county. In March of the same year, tazicheng was transformed into a police office (belonging to Dalai county).

In March 1914 (the third year of the Republic of China), tazicheng police office was set up in Tailai and named Wuxing auxiliary Bureau in October.

In January 1917 (the sixth year of the Republic of China), the administrative bureau of Tailai was upgraded to a county, under the jurisdiction of Longjiang Road, Heilongjiang Province.

In April 1917 (the sixth year of the Republic of China), Wuxing auxiliary Bureau was promoted to county assistant.

On February 15, 1929 (18 years of the Republic of China), the Daoyin Office of Longjiang County was abolished, and Tailai County was directly under the jurisdiction of Heilongjiang Province. At the same time, Wuxing county was abolished.

On August 13, 1945, the Japanese invaders withdrew from the county seat of Tailai, and the Japanese puppet remnants organized the Tailai County maintenance meeting.

On February 12, 1946, the 22nd regiment of the 8th brigade of the 3rd Division of the New Fourth Army liberated Tailai County. On February 20, the government of Tailai County, which belongs to Nenjiang Province, was established.

On February 7, 1947, Heilongjiang Province and Nenjiang Province jointly established heinen Province, which belongs to Tailai County.

On September 15, 1947, heinen province was divided into Heilongjiang Province and Nenjiang province. Tailai County belongs to Nenjiang province.

In May 1949, Heilongjiang and Nenjiang provinces merged into Heilongjiang province again, and Tailai County belongs to Heilongjiang Province.

On August 16, 1951, Tailai County was divided into Ding county and other counties, belonging to Nenjiang area of Heilongjiang Province.

On August 1, 1954, Heilongjiang Province and Songjiang province merged into Heilongjiang Province, and Tailai County still belongs to Nenjiang area of Heilongjiang Province.

On April 16, 1960, Nenjiang district was abolished and Tailai County was put under the jurisdiction of Qiqihar city.

On October 7, 1961, Nenjiang area was restored, and Tailai County was subordinate to Nenjiang area.

On January 3, 1985, Qiqihar City merged with Nenjiang area, and Tailai County was subordinate to Qiqihar city.

geographical environment

Location context

Tailai County, located in the southwest of Heilongjiang Province, is about 350 kilometers away from Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang Province. It spans between 122 degrees 59 minutes to 124 degrees east longitude and 46 degrees 13 minutes to 47 degrees 10 minutes north latitude. It is adjacent to Zhenlai County of Jilin Province in the south, Qiqihar city and Longjiang County in the north, zalaite banner of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in the West and duerbert Mongolian Autonomous County across Nenjiang River in the East. It is 107 kilometers wide and 88 kilometers wide, with a total area of 3996 square kilometers.

climate

Tailai County has a mid temperate continental monsoon climate. It is dry and windy in spring, high temperature and less rain in summer, windy in autumn, large temperature difference, cold and less snow in winter. The annual average active accumulated temperature is 2930.6 ℃, the annual average temperature is 4.9 ℃, the annual average frost free period is 145 days, the annual average sunshine is 2908.8 hours, the annual average precipitation is 392.6 mm, the soil freezing period is October 21, the thawing period is March 26, and the maximum freezing depth in winter is 2.06 M. Because it is located in the first accumulated temperature zone of Heilongjiang Province, it has abundant light and heat resources, and has the reputation of "north of the great wall and south of the Yangtze River".

landforms

Tailai County is located in the lower reaches of Nenjiang River, the transition zone between the southeast of Daxinganling and the western edge of Songnen Plain. Located in the western edge of Songnen Plain, the terrain gradually inclines from northwest to Southeast, and the middle part is relatively flat. The altitude ranges from 137 to 160 meters. The highest altitude of the county is 193.6 meters, and the lowest is 133.4 meters. The terrain gradually inclines from northwest to southeast from high to low. The terrain is broad and flat, and there are earth mountains (sand dunes) of different sizes.

administrative division

As of 2012, Tailai County has 8 towns and 2 townships: Tailai Town, Pingyang Town, Tangchi Town, Jiangqiao Mongolian town, Tazi Town, Daxing Town, Heping Town, Keli Town, Shengli Mongolian town and Ningjiang Mongolian town.

natural resources

land resource

There are many types of land resources and soil in Tailai County. The county has 2.69 million mu of arable land, which is suitable for the development of rice, corn, peanut, mung bean and other food crops.

Aquatic resources

In the territory of Tailai County, one river (Nenjiang River) and five rivers (Tuoli River, chuoer River, erlongtao River, Hulda River and Wuyuer River) crisscross, with a water surface of 300000 Mu and abundant water resources. It is rich in 13 families, 40 genera and 67 species of fish, such as carp, grass, silver carp and Sanhua Wuluo.

mineral resources

Tailai County is rich in underground oil and natural gas, with an oil-bearing area of 135 square kilometers and a gas-bearing area of 118 square kilometers.

Economics

overview

In 1997, the gross national product of Tailai County reached 510 million yuan, an average annual increase of 12.2%; the per capita gross national product reached 1561 yuan, an average annual increase of 12.6%, achieving the goal of quadrupling three years ahead of schedule.

primary industry

Tailai County has 127000 hectares of arable land, including 20000 hectares of paddy fields. It is rich in Northeast high-quality rice, corn, soybeans, etc.; it has 37000 hectares of forest land, including 2000 hectares of fruit trees; it has 100000 hectares of grassland, with a total water area of 25000 hectares, and it is rich in 67 species of fish, such as crucian carp, carp, grass, silver carp, bream, mandarin fish, etc. At present, Weitang has 140000 mu, rich in clay mineral resources, with 650 million cubic meters of river stone and engineering sand reserves. Now, it is proved that the oil reserves along Nenjiang River are 5 million tons, and the natural gas reserves are 700 million cubic meters.

In 2001, Tailai County successively established eight commodity production bases of grain, animal husbandry, fishery, forestry, fruit, vegetable, sugar and oil, with an average commodity rate of more than 70%. In the same year, the total grain output of the county reached 417000 tons, with an average annual increase of 20.1%; the total agricultural output value was 500 million yuan, with an average annual increase of 14.5%; the output value of animal husbandry was 110 million yuan, with an average annual increase of 10.8%. The total output value of township enterprises has reached 140 million yuan, an average annual increase of 18.1%. There are 80000 large livestock in stock, and the number of large livestock is less than 10000

Chinese PinYin : Hei Long Jiang Sheng Qi Qi Ha Er Shi Tai Lai Xian