Shiping County, Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province

Shiping County, belonging to Honghe Prefecture of Yunnan Province, is located in the south of Yunnan Province and the northwest of Honghe Prefecture. As of 2014, Shiping County has jurisdiction over 7 towns and 2 townships, with a total area of 3042 square kilometers, of which 94.6% are mountainous areas, which are traditional agricultural counties. In 2008, the population of Shiping County was 30300, and the minority population exceeded 50%. In 2010, the GDP of Shiping County was 2.676 billion yuan. The main tourist attractions in Shiping County are Shiping Xiushan and Yilong lake. Shiping County is known as "the land of literature", "the land of oranges", "the land of Bayberry", "the land of fish and rice", "the land of tofu" and "the land of singing and dancing".

In 2015, Shiping County became the only city selected in the first batch of "Chinese historical and cultural blocks" in Yunnan. On September 29, 2018, Shiping County was approved to withdraw from poverty-stricken county by Yunnan provincial Party committee and government.

The national demonstration county of "safe agricultural machinery" in 2019.

Historical evolution

Shiping County is under the jurisdiction of Shengxiu county from Han Dynasty to Eastern Jin Dynasty, kunzhou in Sui Dynasty and Lizhou in Tang Dynasty.

In the Western Han Dynasty, it was called "Jiuxin" -- the name of the Yi nationality, which means "the people living in the mountains, forests and waters". In 752, the local Aboriginal people dug up the land to get Shiping, and gathered together to form the Juyi, which was named "ShiPing Yi". In 879, when Nanzhao was in power, it was subordinate to Tonghai.

In Song Dynasty, Shiping belonged to Xiushan County. In 1270, Shiping was set up as a prefecture and a local official under Lin'an road.

In the 15th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1382), it was changed from "Shiping state" to "Shiping state", and then to "Shiping state". In 1810, the five chieftains of Kurong, siduo, Luobi, zuoneng and wazha were incorporated.

In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), Shiping Prefecture was changed into Shiping County, which was subordinate to Mengzi road. In the 18th year of the Republic of China (1929), Mengzi road was cut off, and then it belonged to the office of the administrative commissioner. In 1934, Shiping County, Xinping County, Eshan County, Hexi county and Tonghai County were zoned, and Longwu county and Yuxi county were set up. In July 1949, the Yunnan provincial government changed Longwu administrative bureau to Longwu County, still under the jurisdiction of Yuxi special office.

In March 1950, the southern Yunnan administrative office was set up in Jianshui, under the jurisdiction of Shiping and Longwu counties. In April of the same year, he moved to Mongolia from the office of the High Commissioner, with Shiping and Longwu counties. In September of that year, because Longwu county had too little population and too narrow a region, and the conditions for setting up a county were not enough, Longwu county was set up as a governing Bureau. In May 1953, the people's Government of Longwu Administration Bureau was moved from Longwu to longpeng. On December 29, 1955, Longwu county set up a governing Bureau and reformed it. On November 18, 1957, Mengzi special office was withdrawn and Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture was established. Shiping and Longwu counties were subordinate to it. On November 1, 1958, Shiping County and Longwu county were merged and called Shiping County.

administrative division

By 2014, Shiping County has jurisdiction over 7 towns and 2 townships: Yilong Town, Baoxiu Town, Bazin Town, longpeng Town, Longwu Town, shaochong Town, Niujie Town, Xincheng town and Daqiao town.

geographical environment

geographical position

Shiping County is located in the southeast of Yunnan Province, in the west of Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture. It spans between longitude 102 ° 08 ′ - 102 ° 43 ′, latitude 23 ° 19 ′ - 24 ° 06 ′, borders Jianshui County in the East, Honghe County across the river in the south, Yuanjiang County and Xinping County in the west, Tonghai County and Eshan County in the north. It is 59 kilometers wide from east to west and 88 kilometers long from north to south.

Geology and geomorphology

geology

According to the records of Shiping County annals, Shiping is located at the southern end of Kunyang ancient land in Yangzi plate tectonics, between Shiping arc and Honghe arc in Yunnan mountain type tectonic system. The strata in Shiping are fully exposed and the folds are gentle. Except for the Cretaceous strata of Mesozoic era, the strata from Proterozoic Kunyang group and Sinian to Paleozoic era, Mesozoic era and Cenozoic era are exposed. Shiping area is a small-scale mountain shaped structure, which is called Shiping arc. It is mainly composed of two structural belts. The inner side is the structural belt with Dianwei Mayi fault as the main body, and the western section is strongly staggered by radial transverse tension fault; the outer side is the structural belt with hebaozhai BAISHIYAN fault and dongxiaoguan Limin fault as the main body. The geological structure is complex, the magmatic activity is frequent, the metallogenic geological conditions are poor, and most of them are small deposits. Baoxiu, Niujie, longpeng and other places to the north of Yilong lake are rich in karst. The tortoise shell belongs to the terrestrial biological limestone in the upper Tertiary (25 million years). The underground water is rich in bicarbonate ions. The underground karst is developed, and there are endless brine (acid water) and ejected carbon dioxide gas spring (No.1 Middle spray pearl pool).

landforms

The landform in Shiping County began from Himalayan orogeny and formed Intermountain fault basin. There are large areas of water erosion landform, dissolution landform and modern hydrological network. The terrain is characterized by more mountains and less land, alternating mountains and rivers, parallel mountains and valleys, wide height difference and obvious vertical. To the south of Daqiao River and to the north of wulanggou River are the landforms of Zhongshan Lake Basin, and to the south of wulanggou River are the original landforms of karst mountain. North, West and South are strongly cut by rivers, with many high mountains and deep valleys, protruding peaks and steep mountains. Quxi, Shiping, Jianshui and Honghe areas belong to 6 ~ 8 earthquake areas.

terrain

The terrain of Shiping County is high in the north and low in the south, low in the southwest and East, and concave in the middle. The total terrain is "three mountains with two rivers", that is, the northern part of the bridge north is dominated by the nibaimu mountain system, the central part of the bridge south is dominated by the wulanggou River and the northern yanwa mountain system, and the southern part of the Daling mountain is dominated by the wulanggou River and the Yuanjiang River. The highest point is laomubai mountain, the main peak of Daling mountain, with an altitude of 2551.3 meters, and the lowest point is Yuanjiang River in the southeast with an altitude of 259 meters.

climate

Shiping County belongs to subtropical plateau mountain monsoon climate, and its three-dimensional climate features are prominent. The average annual temperature is 18.3 ℃, the annual precipitation is 786-1116 mm, the annual sunshine hours is 2176 hours, and the average annual relative humidity is 75%. Due to abundant sunshine and rainfall, it has the advantage of developing tropical and subtropical crops.

Shiping is located in the low latitude plateau, with typical monsoon climate and remarkable three-dimensional climate. According to the records, the average annual temperature is 18 ℃ for many years, the average monthly temperature of the coldest month (January) is 11.6 ℃, and the average monthly temperature of the hottest month (June) is 22.2 ℃. The extreme maximum temperature was 34.5 ℃ (August 10, 1960), and the extreme minimum temperature was - 2.4 ℃ (January 2, 1974). The frost free period is 317 days, the first frost period is about December 14, and the last frost period is about January 30. The average annual precipitation is 961.5mm and the average annual rainfall days are 134 days. Occasionally, the annual maximum snowfall is 32.5mm. The average annual sunshine is 2308.4 hours. The average annual relative humidity is 75%. Most of them are southeast wind with an average wind speed of 1.9 m / s.

natural resources

mineral resources

Shiping is rich in natural resources, with more than 20 kinds of industrial raw materials, such as iron, tin, lead, zinc, silver, manganese, coal, peat, etc., with a total reserve of 332 million tons and huge development potential.

water resource

The total amount of river runoff in Shiping County is about 403 million cubic meters, and the total amount of water resources is 602 million cubic meters, including 397 million cubic meters of surface water, accounting for 66%, 205 million cubic meters of underground water, accounting for 34%. Many water points are of good water quality and rich in a variety of minerals. Relying on the two major freshwater lakes, Shiping has developed into a rare County in Yunnan that produces more than 1000 tons of fish.

Population nationality

At the end of 2008, the total population of Shiping County was 300302. Among them, there are 151847 males and 148455 females, 264809 agricultural population and 35493 non-agricultural population. During the year, 3704 people were born, with a birth rate of 10.88 ‰; 2312 people died, with a death rate of 6.23 ‰; the natural population growth rate was 4.65 ‰; and the family planning rate was 98.14%. The population density is 98.88 per square kilometer.

In 2008, there were 123030 Han people, accounting for 40.97% of the total population of Shiping County; 163498 Yi people, accounting for 54.44%; 9136 Dai people, accounting for 3.04%; 2666 Hani people, accounting for 0.89%; 1034 Hui people, accounting for 0.35%; 938 other nationalities, accounting for 0.31%.

economic development

survey

In 2010, the total GDP of Shiping County was 2676.5 million yuan, including 1116.33 million yuan in the primary industry, 700.54 million yuan in the secondary industry, and 859.63 million yuan in the tertiary industry. The primary, secondary, and tertiary industries promoted GDP growth by 2.3, 3.7, and 4.4 percentage points respectively. The proportion of primary, secondary, and tertiary industries in the GDP of Shiping County was 41.7:26.2:32.19 1029.38 million yuan, accounting for 38.5% of the GDP of Shiping County.

In 2010, the total revenue of Shiping County was 308 million yuan, including 200 million yuan of local general budget revenue and 1.026 billion yuan of local general budget expenditure.

primary industry

In 2010, the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery service industry in Shiping County was 2239.2 million yuan. Among them, agricultural output value is 1018.45 million yuan, forestry output value is 152.46 million yuan, and animal husbandry output value is 947.31 million yuan. The output value of fishery is 101.5 million yuan, and that of service industry is 19.48 million yuan.

the secondary industry

In 2010, the total industrial output value of Shiping County was 1762.76 million yuan, and the industrial added value was 373.62 million yuan

Chinese PinYin : Yun Nan Sheng Hong He Ha Ni Zu Yi Zu Zi Zhi Zhou Shi Ping Xian