Shizhu Tujia Autonomous County, Chongqing

Shizhu Tujia Autonomous County Shizhu Tujia Autonomous County is subordinate to Chongqing. Located in the South Bank of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, the east of Chongqing, and the hinterland of the Three Gorges Reservoir area, it is one of the Tujia's habitats, which is composed of ancient Ba people and other nationalities. It is adjacent to Lichuan City, Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Hubei Province in the East, Pengshui Miao Tujia Autonomous County of Chongqing in the south, Fengdu County of Chongqing in the southwest, Zhongxian County of Chongqing in the northwest and Wanzhou District of Chongqing in the north. The total area is 3014 square kilometers.

As of June 2020, Shizhu County has jurisdiction over 3 streets, 17 towns and 13 townships. As of 2018, the total population of Shizhu County is 548600, with a permanent resident population of 378000, including 29 ethnic groups such as Tujia, Han, Miao and Dulong.

Shizhu Tujia Autonomous County is a national tourism demonstration area, National Garden County, national health county, National Agricultural Comprehensive Standardization Demonstration County, compact County medical and health community construction pilot county, revolutionary cultural relics protection and utilization area sub County list (the first batch), national e-commerce into rural comprehensive demonstration county, "four good rural Road" Demonstration County, National Forest Health Demonstration County Base (the first batch), deepen the reform of rural highway management and maintenance system pilot areas.

In April 2019, Chongqing municipal government approved Shizhu County to withdraw from the poverty-stricken county sequence.

From January to June in 2019, the GDP of Shizhu County is 8.609 billion yuan, an increase of 4.1%, the investment in fixed assets is 6.654 billion yuan, an increase of 14.0%, the total retail sales of social consumer goods is 2.955 billion yuan, an increase of 13.2%, and the per capita disposable income of urban and rural residents is 12547 yuan, an increase of 9.9%.

Evolution of organizational system

Shizhu was the territory of Liangzhou in Yugong in ancient times.

In the Western Zhou Dynasty and the spring and Autumn period, it belonged to the territory of "Qianfu in Antarctica" of Ba state.

During the Warring States period, it belonged to Chu and Qianzhong regions and qinqianzhong counties.

From the Qin Dynasty to the Eastern Han Dynasty, Qiyao mountain was divided into Bajun County, Qianzhong County, Linjiang county (now Zhongxian County in Chongqing) and Fuling county (now Pengshui County in Chongqing).

From the Three Kingdoms to the Sixteen Kingdoms (Han Dynasty), it belongs to Fuling County, Fuling county.

In the southern and Northern Dynasties and the Song Dynasty, the county was transferred to Bajun. Qi belongs to Linjiang county. Liang belongs to Linjiang county. In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, it belonged to Linjiang county at the beginning. In the early Baoding period of Emperor Wu (561), it belonged to Yuanyang County of Nandu County, which was separated from Linjiang county. In the fourth year of Jiande (575), it belonged to Wuning County of Huaide County, which was renamed Yuanyang County of Nandu county.

Sui, a Linzhou Wuning county.

In the second year of Wude (619), Nanbin county was located in the west of Wuning County of Puzhou (now Wanzhou District of Chongqing), which was the beginning of Shizhu County.

The Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, the former Shu and the latter Shu followed the Tang system.

From the Northern Song Dynasty to the fourteenth year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1381), it followed the Tang system and was attached to Zhongzhou.

In the third year of Jianyan (1129) of the Southern Song Dynasty, Shi Nao pacification department was set up, Ma Dinghu was granted Shi Nao pacification envoy, established situation organization, and controlled Jiuxi eighteen caves.

In the early Yuan Dynasty, Nanbin county was established as the military and civilian government of shilao, and later it was promoted to the military and civilian Xuanfu Department of shilao. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Yuzhen of the Ming Dynasty established the Xia regime under the rule of Shu, and changed it into shilao pacification department.

Ming Hongwu eight years (1375), set shilao Xuanfu division, subordinate to Chongqing Wei. In 1381, Nanbin county was abolished and changed to nanbinli. Jiajing 42 years (1563), change Li Kuizhou Wei. In the first year of Tianqi (1621), shilao xuanfusi was promoted and Shizhu xuanweisi was attached to Kuizhou prefecture (now Fengjie County, Chongqing).

In 1659, Shizhu xuanweisi was attached to Kuizhou capital in the east of Sichuan. In the 22nd year of Emperor Qianlong's reign (1757), the land was changed to flow, and the stone hall was set up, which was still attached to Kuizhou Prefecture. In 1761, it was promoted to the office of Zhili in shilao, Sichuan Province.

In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), it was changed to shilao County, which was under the jurisdiction of East Sichuan Road. In 1935, it was transferred to the office of administrative inspector of the eighth District of Sichuan Province. In 1948, it was transferred to the office of the inspector general of the ninth administrative region of Sichuan Province. In 1950, shilao county was set up, which was subordinate to Fuling special district of East Sichuan administrative region.

In 1952, it was attached to Fuling District of Sichuan Province. In 1959, shilao county was changed into Shizhu County. In 1984, Shizhu County was renamed Shizhu Tujia Autonomous County, which belongs to Fuling area of Sichuan Province. In 1988, it was transferred to Qianjiang area of Sichuan Province.

On June 18, 1997, Chongqing was established as a municipality directly under the central government, under which Chongqing, Wanxian city, Fuling City and Qianjiang district were under the jurisdiction of Chongqing.

In July 2000, Zhili City, Chongqing.

administrative division

Division evolution

In 2013, Shizhu County abolished Huanghe Township and established Huanghe town.

In 2015, Shizhu County abolished Nanbin town and Xialu town and established Nanbin street, Wan'an street and Xialu street.

On November 21, 2016, Chongqing municipal government abolished Fengmu Township in Shizhu County and established Fengmu town.

Zoning details

In 2018, Shizhu County governs three streets, 17 towns and 13 townships: Nanbin, Wan'an and Xialu, Xituo, Huangshui, Yuelai, Linxi, Mawu, Shasha, Wangchang, Yanxi, Longsha, Yuchi, Sanhe, Daxie, Qiaotou, Wanchao, Lengshui, Huanghe, Fengmu, Lichang, Sanxing, Liutang, Sanyi, Wangjia, HEZUI, Shijia, Zhongyi, Xixin, Longtan, Xinle There are 13 townships, 205 villages, 37 community residents' committees, 1191 villagers' groups and 166 community residents' groups in Jinling and Jinzhu.

geographical environment

Location context

Shizhu County is located in the South Bank of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, the east of Chongqing and the hinterland of the Three Gorges Reservoir area, between 107 ° 59 '- 108 ° 34' e and 29 ° 39 '- 30 ° 33' n. It is adjacent to Lichuan City of Hubei Province in the East, Pengshui Miao and Tujia Autonomous County of Chongqing in the south, Fengdu County of Chongqing in the southwest, Zhongxian County of Chongqing in the northwest and Wanzhou District of Chongqing in the north. The county is 98.30 kilometers long from north to South and 56.20 kilometers wide from east to west, with a total area of 3014 square kilometers.

Geology and geomorphology

Shizhu County is located in the fold belt of Eastern Chongqing, which belongs to the middle mountain area of Dalou mountain. The terrain is high in the East and low in the West. The county is a mountainous landform composed of multi-level planation and erosion gullies, with continuous mountains, overlapping peaks, crisscross peaks and dams, and crisscross gullies. The surface morphology is dominated by medium and low mountains, with mountain plains and hills. Fangdoushan anticline in the northwest and laochangping anticline in the southeast run through the whole area in parallel, forming the main geomorphic feature of "two mountains with one trough".

According to the altitude, it can be divided into three geomorphic regions, namely, middle mountain region, low mountain region and hill region. The region with an altitude of more than 1000 meters is middle mountain region, covering an area of 1940.4 square kilometers, accounting for 64.4% of the total area of Shizhu County. The region with an altitude of 500-1000 meters is low mountain region, covering an area of 885.1 square kilometers, accounting for 29.4% of the total area of Shizhu County. The region with an altitude of less than 500 meters is hill region, covering an area of 187 square kilometers, accounting for about the total area of Shizhu County 2%. The relative elevation difference is 1815.1 meters, the highest point is Dafengbao (1934.1 meters) in Huangshui Town, and the lowest point is Taojiaba (119 meters) in Xituo town.

According to the type, it can be divided into five geomorphic units: Huangshui mountain original area, Fangdoushan anticline middle mountain area, laochangping anticline middle mountain area, Shizhu syncline low mountain area and Xituo syncline hilly area; the single geomorphic unit mainly includes mountain, ridge, cave, flat, trough and gully, which are scattered in Shizhu County.

Climatic characteristics

Shizhu County belongs to the humid monsoon area in the middle subtropical zone, with mild climate, abundant rainfall and four distinct seasons, characterized by early spring, long summer, short autumn and late winter. Less sunshine, large vertical difference of climate, frequent disastrous weather. The annual average temperature is 16.5 ℃, the extreme high temperature is 40.2 ℃, and the extreme low temperature is - 4.7 ℃.

natural resources

land resource

The land area of Shizhu County is 301406.13 hectares, including 56389.23 hectares of cultivated land, 5059.36 hectares of garden land, 184269.53 hectares of forest land, 26274.13 hectares of grassland, 9342.47 hectares of urban village and industrial and mining land, 3430.76 hectares of transportation land, 5927.7 hectares of water area and water conservancy facilities land, and 10712.95 hectares of other land.

mineral resources

The proven metal minerals in Shizhu County include lead, zinc, iron, pyrite, copper, placer gold, cadmium, germanium and silver; the non-metal minerals include limestone, quartz sandstone, dolomite, phosphorus, potassium shale, fluorite, barite, salt brine, ceramic clay, kaolin, mudstone, shale, coal and natural gas. Among them, the reserves of lime, quartz sandstone, lead-zinc, coal and natural gas are 20 billion tons, 137 million tons, 1.076 million tons, 161 million tons and 15.5 billion cubic meters respectively.

Biological resources

There are 2216 species of wild plants identified in Shizhu County, including 40 species of national protected plants such as Adiantum lotus leaf, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Taxus chinensis, Davidia involucrata, etc.; 715 species of Pinus massoniana, cypress, Pinus massoniana, Davidia involucrata, Betula platyphylla, etc.; 128 first-class protected ancient trees over 500 years old; 24 species of bamboos such as Phyllostachys edulis, Dendrocalamus latiflorus, etc.; and more than 1700 species of Chinese medicinal materials, including 206 commonly used Chinese medicinal materials Species.

There are 470 species of wild animals, including 124 species of fish, belonging to the state protected animals, including 52 species such as little bustard, white osprey, otter, Chinese sturgeon, and Yanyuan carp.

Hydropower resources

In addition to the flow of the Yangtze River, the annual average runoff of Shizhu County is 2.282 billion cubic meters, and the theoretical water energy reserve is 30.95 kilowatts.

population

Shizhu County is one of the habitats of Tujia nationality, which is composed of ancient Ba people and other nationalities.

In 2018, the total household number of Shizhu County registered residence was 194 thousand and 800, the total population was 548 thousand and 600, the resident population was 378 thousand, of which the urban population was 166 thousand and 100, accounting for 43.94% of the permanent population. Public security registered residence

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