Lingshui Li Autonomous County, a county administrative division directly under the central government of Hainan Province

Lingshui Li Autonomous County Lingshui Li Autonomous County is located in the southeast of Hainan Island. Its geographical coordinates are 18 ° 22 ′～ 18 ° 47 ′ N and 109 ° 45 ′～ 110 ° 08 ′ E. It borders on the South China Sea in the East, Sanya in the south, Baoting Li and Miao Autonomous County in the west, Wanning City and Qiongzhong Li and Miao Autonomous County in the north. Lingshui County is a city and county with the majority of Li, Han and Miao people living together.

Lingshui County was founded in 610 ad (the sixth year of Daye of Sui Dynasty). On December 31, 1987, Lingshui Li Autonomous County was established. Lingshui County is 40 kilometers long from north to South and 32 kilometers wide from east to west. The total area is 1128 square kilometers. Haiyu east line highway and East Line Expressway both pass through Lingshui County, 197 km away from Haikou in the north and 65 km away from Sanya in the south. As of 2016, it has jurisdiction over 11 townships, 116 administrative villages, 1 township farm, 585 natural villages and 1160 villager groups. There are two state-owned farms in Nanping and lingmen, and Diaoluoshan Forestry Bureau.

In December 2018, Lingshui Li Autonomous County was approved to build a national marine economic development demonstration zone. In July 2020, the National Patriotic Health Association decided to name Lingshui Li Autonomous County as a national health county in the period of 2017-2019.

Evolution of organizational system

Lingshui Li Autonomous County has a long history. As early as the Neolithic period, its ancestors have been thriving. During the three dynasties of Tang Dynasty, Hu was the place of South Cross, Qin was the place of Xiang County, and Han was the place of zhan'er county.

In 110 B.C. (the first year of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty), the Han Army settled down and set up zhuya and zhan'er counties on Hainan Island, leading sixteen counties. Lingshui belonged to Shannan County, zhuya county.

In 46 B.C. (the third year of the early Yuan Dynasty of the Han and Yuan emperors), zhuya county was changed to Zhulu County, belonging to Hepu County.

In 622 (the fifth year of Wude of Tang Dynasty), it was established in Yazhou, Zhan and Zhenzhou, and Lingshui County belonged to Zhenzhou.

In 662 (the second year of longsu), wananzhou was set up, and Lingshui was changed to wananzhou, which was caused by the Five Dynasties.

In 1073 (the sixth year of Xining in the Northern Song Dynasty), Wan'an Prefecture was changed into Wan'an army, leading the four counties of Wan'an and Lingshui.

In 1136 (the sixth year of Shaoxing in the reign of Emperor Gaozong of Song Dynasty), Wan'an army was abolished and Lingshui County was changed to Qiongzhou.

In 1143 (the 13th year of Shaoxing), Wan'an army was established again, and Lingshui County was also under Wan'an army. This is the reason of the Yuan Dynasty.

In 1370 (the third year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty), Qiongzhou was promoted to be the prefecture, and Lingshui County belonged to QiongYa county. In 1913 (the second year of the Republic of China), Lingshui County belonged to Qiongzhou Prefecture.

Since 1921 (the tenth year of the Republic of China), Lingshui County has been under the jurisdiction of QiongYa rehabilitation office, QiongYa TuoDang Committee Office, the ninth Administrative Supervision Committee Office of Guangdong Province and Hainan Special Administrative Region.

From 1927 to 1931, the Soviet government of Lingshui County was established for four years.

From 1945 to 1946, the Anti Japanese democratic government of Lingbao county was established for two years.

From 1948 to April 1950, the democratic government of Lingshui County was established for two years.

On April 28, 1950, Lingshui County was liberated.

On August 14, 1951, the people's Government of Lingshui County was established under the jurisdiction of Hainan administrative region.

In January 1954, it was subordinate to Hainan Li and Miao Autonomous Prefecture.

In December 1958, Lingshui County, Ya county and Baoting county were merged into Yulin County. In February of the next year, they were renamed Ya county, which was subordinate to Hainan Administrative Region Office.

On June 1, 1961, Lingshui was separated from Ya county, and the system of Lingshui County was restored.

In 1962, Hainan Li and Miao Autonomous Prefecture was restored, and Lingshui County was subordinate to Hainan Li and Miao Autonomous Prefecture.

In December 1987, Lingshui County was renamed Lingshui Li Autonomous County. During this period, Hainan Li and Miao Autonomous Prefecture was abolished and Lingshui Li Autonomous County was subordinate to Hainan administrative region of Guangdong Province.

In April 1988, Hainan Province was established, and Lingshui Li Autonomous County is subordinate to Hainan Province.

administrative division

As of 2016, Lingshui Li Autonomous County has jurisdiction over 11 townships, 116 administrative villages, 1 township farm, 585 natural villages and 1160 villager groups, including Nanping and lingmen state farms and provincial Diaoluoshan Forestry Bureau.

geographical environment

terrain

The territory is high in the northwest and low in the southeast. The terrain is mainly composed of mountains, hills and plains. Hills and mountains are mainly distributed in the northwest, and plains are mainly distributed in the southeast coast. There are 24 large and small mountains in the county, and the highest point is Diaoluoshan triangle peak, with an altitude of 1499.8 meters.

climate

Located in the south of Tropic of cancer, the climate belongs to tropical island monsoon climate, with high temperature throughout the year, distinct dry and wet seasons, rainy summer and autumn, and dry winter and spring. The annual average temperature is 25.2 ℃, and the annual average rainfall is 1500-2500 mm, mainly in August to October. It is a rare natural greenhouse in China, suitable for planting tropical crops and off-season vegetables. However, due to the influence of island monsoon, it is attacked by 3-5 typhoons on average every year, with the maximum wind force of 12 and the wind speed of 40 m / s.

resources

land

Loam is mainly distributed in the Northwest Mountainous and hilly areas, while sandy soil is mainly distributed in the southeast coastal plain.

rivers

The rivers in Lingshui County are crisscross, with large flow, high drop and abundant hydraulic resources. The main rivers are Lingshui River, duzong River, Jincong River and gangpo river. Among them, Lingshui river is the largest river with an average annual flow of 930 million cubic meters and a rainfall collection area of 1210.7 square kilometers. Its main stream originates from the Erlong mountain in Baoting Li and Miao Autonomous County, and its tributary originates from diaolu mountain. From northwest to Southeast, it flows through six townships and towns, including Qunying and Lingcheng, and flows into the sea from Shuikou port, with a total length of 75.5 km.

mineral products

There are more than 20 kinds of mineral resources in Lingshui County, such as titanium, zirconium, tin, zinc, monazite, quartz sand, kaolin, granite and jade, among which quartz sand and kaolin are the most abundant.

Botany

Most of the tree species are distributed in Diaoluo Mountain, and the world's rare tree species are distributed in Diaoluo Mountain. Qingpi, a world's rare tree species, is a national key protected forest. Fagaceae Species include red silk and black silk; catalpa species include Qingpi, Bolei and olive; butterfly tadpole species include Huali; bamboo of Podocarpaceae, shrubs and artificial afforestation trees, with more than 800 species.

wild animal

The common birds in Lingshui County are hainanshan partridge, a wild animal under first-class protection; eagle, chestnut owl (red OWL) and egret, a wild animal under second-class protection; myna and swiftlet under provincial protection. The common animals are: Hainan Polu, the first-class national protected animal; water deer, macaque, pangolin, the second-class national protected animal; Hainan rabbit, civet, Huangjing, wild boar, porcupine, red breasted squirrel, the provincial protected animal. The common snakes are python, a national first-class protected animal, Bungarus multicinctus and cobra. In addition, there are bamboo leaf blind snake, fire snake, water snake and other snakes. Turtles are common: the national second-class protected animals, such as the golden turtle, sea turtle, hawksbill turtle, as well as mountain turtle and water turtle. The common insects are bees, butterflies, dragonflies, leeches and so on. There are more than 700 kinds of marine fish, and more than 40 kinds of them have high economic value. The main species are mackerel, golden spear, pomfret, Qinggan, red fish, golden mud carp, grouper, squid, octopus, etc.; shrimp: prawn, prawn, lobster, etc.; shellfish: scallop, white butterfly, American leg snail, etc.; crab: green crab, crab, Pipa crab, etc. Among them, Pipa crab is endemic to Lingshui; in addition, there are sea cucumber, sea horse, abalone, sea urchin, sea dragon, sea snake, sea turtle, sand worm and other valuable marine animals. The main algae are Porphyra, Gracilaria, Sargassum and Eucheuma.

sea area

Lingshui Li Autonomous County has 1223 square kilometers of responsible sea area. The Northeast starting point is the boundary Island, extending 12 nautical miles to the deep sea along the 135 ° angle, and the southeast is at the junction of Sanya sea area. There are four Gulf waters: Fragrance Bay, Lingshui Bay, Clear Water Bay and Tso Fu Bay. There are boundary islands and South Bay Peninsula.

population

Quantity overview

In 2009, the total number of households in Lingshui County was 88400, with a total population of 364600 and an average of 413. In the total population, there are 191000 males and 173600 females, with a sex ratio of 110.04; there are 269500 agricultural population and 95100 non-agricultural population, accounting for 73.9% and 26.1% respectively; there are 162900 Han population, 200000 Li population, 732 Miao population and 979 other ethnic minorities, accounting for 44.7%, 54.9%, 0.2% and 0.2% respectively. Throughout the year, 6876 people were born in the county, with a birth rate of 19.04 per thousand (calculated according to the total registered residence population), 1523 deaths, 4.22 death rate, and 14.83 natural population growth rate.

The birth rate was 15.5 ‰, the death rate was 5 ‰, and the natural growth rate was 10.5 ‰. By the end of 2015, the permanent resident population was 326900, and the proportion of urban population increased to 23.5%.

Ethnic distribution

The ethnic groups in Lingshui Li Autonomous County are mainly Han, Li and Miao. Li nationality is the earliest nationality in Hainan Island. The Li Nationality in Lingshui is mainly distributed in 11 towns, two state farms and 489 Li villages, which can be roughly divided into three branches, namely Sai (Jiamao) branch, Chu branch and Qi branch. Miao nationality is one of the minority nationalities in Lingshui Li Autonomous County, which is mainly distributed in baishuiling, Shiba Sandui in zuguan town and xiaonanping in timong township The Han nationality mainly lives in the plain area.

Politics

Key leaders

County Party Secretary: Fu Ming

Deputy secretary and head of the county Party committee: Li Feng

Deputy Secretary of the county Party committee: Zhang Najun

Standing committee members of the county Party committee: he Zhaozhi, Chen Junhua, Yang Zhenbin, Wang Jiajun, Liu Jimin, Xu Fangyu, Ou Chaojun

Organization setup

Economics

overview

In 2018, Lingshui Li Autonomous Region

Chinese PinYin : Hai Nan Sheng Sheng Zhi Xia Xian Ji Hang Zheng Qu Hua Ling Shui Li Zu Zi Zhi Xian