Qiongshan District, Haikou City, Hainan Province

Qiongshan District, subordinate to Haikou City, Hainan Province, is located in the north of Hainan Province and the south central part of Haikou City, with a total area of 953.9 square kilometers. It governs 4 streets, 7 towns, 2 township level units, and the district government is stationed in Fucheng street. As of 2017, the population of Qiongshan district was 511 thousand and 700, with 390 thousand and 400 registered residence. Qiongshan district is a national famous historical and cultural city. It is the residence of Qiongzhou prefecture (Qiongzhou), which is the political, economic and cultural center of Hainan in ancient times. It is known as the blessed land of Qiongtai. Qiongshan district has a good development in economy, culture and education, and convenient transportation. It is the seat of Hainan Provincial High Court, Department of justice and other judicial organs, and the judicial center of Hainan Province.

The famous figures in Qiongshan District include Qiu Jun, the great master of literature, Hai Rui, Xu Ziwei and general Feng Baiju. At present, there are famous Qiongtai academy, Wugong temple, Gucheng Drum Tower, Qiu Jun's former residence, Hai Rui's former residence, Qiongtai Fudi, Qiongzhou government's former site, Qiongzhou Fucheng (Qiongshan city wall), zhuyaling city site, Jiuzhou city site, etc. there are 52 cultural relics protection units in the whole area. In 2017, the GDP of Qiongshan District reached 14.168 billion yuan.

In March 2019, it will be listed in the first batch of counties for the protection and utilization of revolutionary cultural relics.

Historical evolution

Qiongshan is famous for its pearl cliff, huodu, hawksbill shell, shecheng, Yancheng, Yazhou, Qiongzhou, qiongshanjun and Qiongtai. As early as in the Han Dynasty, it belonged to hawksbill County, zhuya County, and got its name because of its abundant hawksbill. In the Sui Dynasty, Yanlu county was set up in the east of Daimao county. Yanlu was changed into Yancheng in the fifth year of Wude (622) of Tang Dynasty, which belongs to Yazhou. From the fifth year of Wude (622) of Tang Dynasty to the fifth year of Kaibao (972) of Song Dynasty, Yazhou is located in today's Qiongshan. In the first year of Zhenguan of Tang Dynasty (627), Yancheng was changed into shecheng, from which Qiongshan county was set up. In Song Dynasty, the counties were divided into WANGJIN, Shangzhong, Zhongxia and xiawu according to the conditions of registered permanent residence and capital and land. Since the Tang Dynasty, Qiongshan has been a key development area. Its economy and culture have been in the leading position of the whole island. It is the earliest and best developed area in the history of South Shanghai.

The origin of the name "Qiongshan", according to the "Fang Yu summary" records, "there is Qiongshan in ten li of Funan, where the earth and stone are white and moist like jade, so the county has this name." It is also recorded in the annals of Qiongshan county that "because there is a mountain called Qiongshan in baishidu (now Xinmin area of Jiazi town), the soil and stone are as white and moist as jade, so the name of the county is the mountain." In 627, the old system was abolished and a new county was established. When the civil and military officials in office remembered their adventures in Baishi mountain the year before last, they proposed one after another to take the meaning of "white stone is as clean as jade" in Baishi mountain in the south of the city and name it Qiongshan. This proposal was soon adopted, and the new county was named Qiongshan county. Qiongzhou was set up in 631, the fifth year of Zhenguan of Tang Dynasty, and its governance was located in the present old town. In the fourth year of Kaibao (971) of Song Dynasty, it was transferred to the present Fucheng, and in the third year of Hongwu (1370) of Ming Dynasty, Qiongshan county was the seat of Qiongzhou capital, so Fucheng got its name from it. Qiongshan has been the political, economic and cultural center of Hainan since Qiongzhou was upgraded as a government in Ming Dynasty to the early years of the Republic of China.

Qiongshan County in Qin Dynasty was located in the border of Xiang county.

In the first year of Yuanfeng of Han Dynasty (110 BC), today Qiongshan county belongs to zhuya County, huodu county and Daimao county. In the third year of the early Yuan Dynasty (46 BC), it belonged to Zhulu County of Hepu County. In April of the 19th year of Jianwu (43rd year), Zhulu county was changed to zhuya County, and Qiongshan County belonged to zhuya County of Hepu County.

In 239, zhuya county was changed into Zhulu County, which belonged to zhuya county. Qiongshan County belonged to Zhulu county.

In the first year of Taikang (280), Qiongshan County belonged to Zhulu County of Hepu County.

During the period of Liang Datong (525-546), Qiongshan County belonged to Zhulu County, zhuya county.

In the third year of Daye (697), Qiongshan County belonged to Yanlu and Wude counties in zhuya county. In the sixth year of Daye (610), Wude county was changed to shecheng County, and Qiongshan County belonged to Yanlu and shecheng counties.

In 622, Yanlu was changed into Yancheng County, belonging to Yazhou.

In the first year of Tang Zhenguan (627), Qiongshan county was established.

In the fifth year of Zhenguan of Tang Dynasty (631), Qiongzhou was set up. Qiongshan county was subordinate to Qiongzhou.

In the first year of Tang Tianbao (742), Qiongzhou was changed to Qiongshan County, which was called the attached outline of Qiongshan county.

In the first year of Qianyuan (758), Qiongshan county was changed into Qiongzhou. Today, Qiongshan county is located in shecheng County, which is located in Fukuo and Yazhou of Qiongzhou.

During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, the Southern Han Dynasty was the same as the Tang Dynasty.

In the fifth year of Kaibao of Song Dynasty (972), the government of Qiongzhou moved from the present old state to the present city. Today, Qiongshan county is located in Fukuo and shecheng County of Qiongzhou.

Song Xining four years (1071), abandoned shecheng into Qiongshan County, belongs to Qiongzhou. In 1073, Qiongshan County belonged to the Department of Qiongguan pacification.

In 1370, Qiongshan county was subordinate to Qiongzhou Prefecture.

In June 1949, Qiongshan county was subordinate to Hainan Special Administrative Region.

In April 1950, Qiongshan county government was stationed in qiongcheng town.

In 1952, Qiongshan county government moved to Lingjiao.

In 1955, Qiongshan county government moved back to Fucheng.

In 1988, Qiongshan county was subordinate to Hainan Province.

On January 24, 1994, with the approval of the State Council, Qiongshan county was set up as a city instead of a county. On April 8, Qiongshan city was officially established.

On October 16, 2002, the administrative divisions of Qiongshan and Haikou were adjusted. On January 1, 2003, Qiongshan district was officially established.

On October 16, 2002, the State Council abolished Xiuying District, Xinhua District and Zhendong District of Qiongshan city and Haikou City, and established Xiuying District, Longhua District, Qiongshan district and Meilan District of Haikou City as the administrative regions of former Qiongshan city and former Xiuying District, Xinhua District and Zhendong District of Haikou City.

administrative division

When Qiongshan was founded in 1994, it had jurisdiction over 24 towns and 2 townships: Fucheng Town, Yunlong Town, Yongxing Town, Hongqi Town, Sanmenpo Town, Dapo Town, Tanwen Town, Jiazi Town, Shizilu Town, Xinpo Town, Yanfeng Town, Yanhai Town, Sanjiang Town, goupo Town, Xianlai Town, Jiuzhou town, Dongshan Town, Zuntan Town, Longqiao Town, Longtang Town, Lingshan Town, Dongying Town, mei'an Town, Shishan town Meirenpo Township, Xinmin Township.

By the end of 1995, Qiongshan city had jurisdiction over 26 townships, 226 village committees, 2103 natural villages, and 3 Street residential areas, with four state-owned farms in Hongming, Dongchang, Guilin Yang, and Sanjiang. The town where the municipal government is located.

At the end of 2001, the administrative division of Qiongshan city was the same as that of 2000. The municipal government is located in Difu town. Fucheng town and Haikou city form a pattern of "one city, two cities".

On October 16, 2002, Qiongshan District governed Fucheng town (except Xue village and Dayang Village), Longtang Town, Yunlong Town, Hongqi Town, Jiuzhou Town, Sanmenpo Town, Jiazi Town, Dapo Town, Guoxing street in yuanzhendong District of Haikou City, Mipu neighborhood committee and Daoke neighborhood committee in Lantian street, and Jianguo Road in Fucheng town.

In 2013, Fucheng town was abolished and divided into Fucheng street, Binjiang street and Fengxiang street. 1 Jianguo Road, Fucheng street, Qiongshan district government.

As of 2017, Qiongshan district has jurisdiction over 4 streets (Fengxiang, Fucheng, Binjiang and Guoxing), 7 towns (Yunlong, Longtang, Hongqi, Sanmenpo, Jiuzhou, Dapo and Jiazi), 2 township level units (Lingjiao tropical crop farm and Changchang coal mine), 71 villages, 34 communities, 718 natural villages, 919 villager groups and 199 resident groups. District Government in Fucheng street.

geographical environment

Location context

Qiongshan district is located in the south of Haikou City. Its center is about 110 ° 36 ′ E and 20 ° 01 ′ n. It is adjacent to Meilan District in the north and East, Longhua District in the west, Wenchang City and Ding'an County in the south. Its total area is 953.9 square kilometers. The district government is stationed at No. 1, Jianguo Road, Fucheng.

topographic features

Qiongshan area is high in the north and Southeast, and low and flat in the northeast and along the Nandu River. There are two types: (1) gentle slope hilly area in the East and Southeast, with an altitude of 30-100m. Except for some new and old sediments or metamorphic rocks, the rest of the soil is formed by basalt weathering, with deep and red soil layer; (2) sea and river new and old sedimentary plain area, with an altitude of 2.5-30m The soil is mainly sandy soil.

climate

Qiongshan district has a tropical marine climate with an average annual temperature of 23.8 ℃, an average annual sunshine of 1752 hours and an average annual rainfall of 1724.5 mm. The rainy season is generally concentrated from August to October.

hydrology

The Nandu River, the largest river in Hainan Island, flows through Jiuzhou, Yunlong, Longtang and Guoxing and Binjiang streets in Qiongshan district. There are seven small rivers with a rainfall collection area of more than 50 square kilometers, including Yanzhou River, tielu River, and 36qu River in Sanmenpo Town, Yacheng River in Jiazi Town, Yanfeng East River in Jiuzhou Town, Yanfeng West River in Yunlong Town, and Baishi River in Dapo town.

natural resources

water resource

There are four medium-sized reservoirs in Qiongshan District, including Fengdi reservoir (Jiazi), tielu reservoir (Sanmenpo), Yunlong reservoir (Yunlong) and Donghu reservoir (Sanmenpo). Hainan Longtang water source plant and rujun water plant are responsible for the water supply function of Haifu area, Meilan Airport and Jiangdong new area.

Forestry resources

The main forestry resources in Qiongshan district are: pear, neem, Melia azedarach, eucalyptus, Begonia, Camellia oleifera, Casuarina equisetifolia and bamboo.

mineral resources

There are mainly coal, manganese, glass sand and diatomite in Qiongshan district. Changchang coal mine has been exploited and utilized. In addition, the stone mines in Fucheng and Longtang and the river sand along Nandu River are the main sources of building materials in Fuhai area.

Drug resources

There are more than 80 kinds of medicines in Qiongshan District, among which the main medicinal animals are seahorse and goldfish

Chinese PinYin : Hai Nan Sheng Hai Kou Shi Qiong Shan Qu