Gongcheng Yao Autonomous County, Guilin City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

Gongcheng Yao Autonomous County Gongcheng Yao Autonomous County belongs to Guilin City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of the people's Republic of China. It is located in the northeast of Guangxi and the southeast of Guilin city. It borders Fuchuan Yao Autonomous County and Hunan Jiangyong County in the East, Zhongshan County and Pingle County in the south, Yangshuo County and Lingchuan County in the West and Guanyang County in the north. The county is 108 km away from Guilin city.

Gongcheng Yao Autonomous County has a total area of 2149 square kilometers. As of 2016, it has five towns and four townships, with a total population of 300000, of which the Yao population accounts for about 60%. In 2015, the county's GDP reached 7.89514 billion yuan, an increase of 4.3% over 2014.

Gongcheng Yao Autonomous County is dominated by mountains and hills. There are relatively flat alluvial plains along the river. The county is surrounded by low and medium mountains in the East, West and North, and a north-south Valley corridor in the middle. It is a subtropical monsoon climate, characterized by wet summer and dry winter, long summer and short winter, four distinct seasons, sufficient heat and light, abundant rainfall, etc.

Gongcheng Yao Autonomous County has successively won the honorary titles of "longevity town in China", "national ecological agriculture demonstration county", "national ecological demonstration area", "National Sustainable Development Experimental Area", "Yueshi town in China", "Ponkan town in China". In December 2018, it was awarded the National Climate label.

Historical evolution

In the 33rd year of the first emperor of Qin Dynasty (214 BC), Guilin county was established, and Gongcheng belonged to Guilin county.

In the sixth year of Yuanding (111 BC), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty set up Cangwu county and governed 10 counties, including Linhe, Fuchuan, Lipu and xiemu. Today, most of Gongcheng is located in Fuchuan County of Cangwu County, and some of its border areas are located in xiemu county (now Jiangyong County, Hunan Province).

During the Three Kingdoms period, Emperor Wu set up Shi'an County in the first year of Ganlu (265), Fuchuan County was divided into Pingle County, and Gongcheng was Pingle county.

Sui Daye 14 years (618 years), Xiao mill called Liang Di, Fen Ping music, home Chacheng county. This is the beginning of the construction of the county. It is located at the foot of Fenghuang Mountain in Gongcheng town. It is known as "tea city" because it is rich in tea and people like Camellia oleifera. It governs most of the area of Gongcheng.

In the fourth year of Wude (621), it was renamed "Gongcheng County" and subordinate to lezhou. In the eighth year of Zhenguan (634), Yuezhou was changed to Zhaozhou.

Five Dynasties, Song Dynasty and Tang Dynasty. In 976, the county government moved from the foot of Fenghuang mountain to Longzhu City, North township (now the source of Shangzhai village in Limu town); in 1264, the former site was relocated.

In the fifth year of Dade (1301) of the Yuan Dynasty, Zhaozhou was upgraded to Pingyue Prefecture, and Gongcheng was under the jurisdiction of Pingyue Prefecture.

In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the yuan system was followed. In 1477, the county government moved to huangniugang.

In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), Gongcheng County was subordinate to Lijiang Road, and changed to Guilin road the next year. In 1921, the system was abolished and Gongcheng County was directly under the Guangxi provincial government. After the Pingle administrative supervision area, belongs to Pingle district.

On December 11, 1949, Gongcheng was liberated and belongs to Pingle special zone.

In 1958, Pingle district was withdrawn and changed to Guilin district.

On February 3, 1990, the State Council approved the abolition of Gongcheng County and the establishment of Gongcheng Yao Autonomous County, with the former administrative region of Gongcheng County as the administrative region of Gongcheng Yao Autonomous County.

In 1998, Guilin City merged with Guilin area, Gongcheng Yao Autonomous County was under the jurisdiction of Guilin city.

administrative division

As of 2016, Gongcheng Yao Autonomous County has five towns, namely Gongcheng Town, Limu Town, Lianhua Town, Jiahui town and Xiling Town, and four townships, namely Ping'an Township, Sanjiang Township, Guanyin Township and Longhu township.

geographical environment

Location context

Gongcheng Yao Autonomous County is located in the northeast of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and the southeast of Guilin City, bordering Fuchuan Yao Autonomous County and Hunan Jiangyong County in the East, Zhongshan County and Pingle County in the south, Yangshuo County and Lingchuan County in the west, Guanyang County in the north, 108 km away from Guilin City. The longest horizontal distance of the county is 56 km from the east to the west, 75 km from the north to the south, with a total area of 2149 square kilometers, It is between 24 ° 37 ′ - 25 ° 17 ′ N and 110 ° 36 ′ - 111 ° 10 ′ E.

topographic features

The terrain of Gongcheng Yao Autonomous County is mainly mountainous and hilly, and there are relatively flat alluvial plains along the river. The East, West and north of the county are surrounded by low and medium mountains, and the middle is a north-south Valley corridor, in which Valley, flat land, platform and hills crisscross each other. The highest place in the county is the top of Yindian mountain, 1885 meters above sea level; the lowest place is lingweitun, Gucheng village, Gongcheng Town, 130 meters above sea level.

climate

Gongcheng Yao Autonomous County is located in the northeast of Guangxi. It has a mid subtropical monsoon climate with wet summer and dry winter, long summer and short winter, four distinct seasons, plenty of light and sufficient heat. The annual average sunshine hours is 1413.7 hours, the annual average temperature is 20.1 ℃, the annual rainfall is 1453.1 mm, the annual average relative humidity is 74%, the annual average evaporation is 1524.0 mm, and the frost free period is 336 days. The main meteorological disasters are rainstorm and flood, drought, low temperature and rain, frost, hail, thunderstorm, gale, cold dew wind.

hydrology

Most of the rivers in Gongcheng Yao Autonomous County belong to the Pearl River system and a small part to the Yangtze River system. It belongs to the Pearl River system, and the rainwater collection area of rivers accounts for 98.3% of the total area of the county. Only the mountain stream in Quanhui village, Limu Town, north slope of Dupangling, flows into Niujiang River in Guanyang County, and then into Xiangjiang River. The rainfall collecting area accounts for 1.7% of the total area of the county.

Gongcheng river is a tributary of Guijiang river. It originates from Beika mountain, Huangping village, Sanjiang Township in the east of Gongcheng County. Its main stream is 126 km long and its rainfall collection area is 3129.15 square kilometers. Its main tributaries are malinyuan River, Limu River, Supi River, Guishan River, Shangjiao River, Lukou River, beidongyuan River, Xiling River, Shijiang River and Lianhua river. The annual runoff and precipitation of Gongcheng reach have the same trend. The annual average runoff depth is 1009.9mm, and the annual average runoff is 84.1m3/s.

natural resources

water resource

Gongcheng Yao Autonomous County has a total annual precipitation of 5.375 billion cubic meters, an average annual flow of 99.27 cubic meters per second, and a total surface runoff of 3.131 billion cubic meters, including 1.013 billion cubic meters of transit water (passenger water). The average water volume per capita is 7909 cubic meters, and the passenger volume is 3783 cubic meters. The total water volume is 11692 cubic meters. On average, there are 108390 cubic meters of water and 51840 cubic meters of passenger water per hectare of cultivated land, with a total of 160230 cubic meters.

land resource

In 2013, the total area of Gongcheng Yao Autonomous County was 213931.28 hectares, including 5893.05 hectares of cultivated land, accounting for 12.75% (including 4403.51 hectares of paddy field, accounting for 2.06%, 1489.54 hectares of dry land, accounting for 0.69%, 48047.266 hectares of garden land (including adjustable land), accounting for 22.46%, 139077.12 hectares of forest land, 65.01%, 6131.28 hectares of grassland, 2.87%, and 4289.78 hectares of water area and water conservancy facilities) The land for urban and industrial use is 5328.45 hectares, accounting for 2.49%, the land for transportation is 2030.97 hectares, accounting for 0.95%, and the land for other uses is 3133.37 hectares, accounting for 1.46%.

plant resources

The primary vegetation in Gongcheng Yao Autonomous County is mainly evergreen broad-leaved forest of Fagaceae, chaceae, Lauraceae, Magnoliaceae, Hamamelidaceae and alpiniaceae, which is mainly distributed in Sanjiang, Xiling, Ping'an, Jiahui and other rural mountainous areas. The vegetation condition also varies with altitude. In the middle mountain area above 1000 meters, most of them are dwarf forest and part of them are evergreen deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest, and the tree species are alpine rhododendron, white oak, Cyclobalanopsis glauca, silver lotus, etc.; in the area between 500 and 1000 meters, the main tree species are evergreen broad-leaved forest, Chinese fir forest, Phyllostachys pubescens forest, pine forest, secondary broad-leaved forest, and the dominant tree species are Castanopsis fargesii, lotus, etc.; in the area below 500 meters, most of them are pine forest, Chinese fir forest, Phyllostachys Camellia oleifera and fruit wood forest; karst areas are mostly Rocky Mountain shrub species, including Ulmus pumila, Cyclobalanopsis glauca, coarse bran firewood, flamingo fruit, etc.; scenic forests near villages are residual broad-leaved forests. In the territory, Taxus chinensis and ginkgo are classified as national class I protected wild plants; Fokienia hodginsii, Pinus thunbergii, Keteleeria villosa, Keteleeria fortunei, Phoebe, Camptotheca Camptotheca, red bean are classified as national class II protected wild plants; sightseeing wood, beech, Liriodendron are classified as national class II precious tree species.

Animal resources

In Gongcheng Yao Autonomous County, there are 9 kinds of precious mammals under state protection, 10 kinds of other wild animals, 30 kinds of birds, 15 kinds of snakes and 70 kinds of fish. It belongs to national class I protected terrestrial wildlife, including python, yellow bellied horned pheasant and white necked long tailed pheasant; it belongs to national class II protected terrestrial wildlife, including pangolin, red bellied pheasant, red bellied horned pheasant, big civet, little civet, giant salamander and tiger frog; it belongs to key protected terrestrial wildlife in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, including grey breasted bamboo pheasant, red bellied squirrel, civet, civet cat, porcupine, pig badger and cobra They are king snake, Bungarus multicinctus, Rana spinosa, Bufo gargarizans, etc.

mineral resources

The mineral resources in Gongcheng Yao Autonomous County are dominated by non-ferrous metals and non-metallic minerals, mainly including iron, manganese, vanadium, titanium, tungsten, tin, molybdenum, copper, lead, zinc, antimony, mercury, gold, silver, tantalum, niobium, rubidium, beryllium, cobalt, limestone, granite for decoration, marble, kaolin, pyrite, barite, phosphorus, potassium, coal, peat, mineral water, fluorite, arsenic Tourmaline, crystal, silica, calcite, etc.

Population nationality

population

In 2016, the total population of Gongcheng Yao Autonomous County was 300000, of which the Yao population accounted for about 60%. Gongcheng County is the "hometown of longevity in China", 20 years old