Mashan County, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

Mashan County is subordinate to Nanning city of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. It is located in the middle part of Guangxi and slightly to the West. It is on the South Bank of Hongshui River and the north foot of Daming Mountain. It borders Shanglin county and Xincheng County of Laibin City in the East, Wuming District in the South, Pingguo city of Baise City and Dahua Yao Autonomous County of Hechi City in the west, and Du'an Yao Autonomous County of Hechi City across the Hongshui River in the north.

Mashan County has a total area of 2340.76 square kilometers. As of 2014, it has jurisdiction over 7 towns and 4 townships, with a total population of 555800, including 88900 non-agricultural population. In 2017, the GDP reached 5.518 billion yuan.

The landform of Mashan County is mainly mountainous hills, with dashishan mountains in the East and West and Tuling hills in the middle and southwest. It is located in the low latitude area and belongs to the humid climate zone of South Subtropical Zone, with abundant light and heat, abundant rainfall, long summer and short winter.

Mashan County is "the key county of national poverty alleviation and development work", and its main agricultural products include black goat, honeysuckle, dry lotus root powder, etc., which is "the hometown of black goat in China". Mashan is also the "hometown of Chinese folk culture and art". The three part folk song of Zhuang nationality originated in this county, and there are many cultural and artistic forms of Zhuang nationality, such as pole dance, drum dance, etc. Mashan County won the honor of "climbing town" and "the most beautiful bicycle track in China".

On September 25, 2018, it won the honorary title of "2018 e-commerce into rural comprehensive demonstration county" of the Ministry of Commerce.

In March 2019, it was selected into the list of the first batch of revolutionary cultural relics protection and utilization areas and counties.

In December 2020, it was awarded the high quality development and progress County of Guangxi in 2019 by Guangxi autonomous region.

Historical evolution

Mashan County is a place of Baiyue in ancient times. In the 33rd year of the first emperor of the Qin Dynasty (214 BC), the Qin Dynasty unified the Lingnan area and established Nanhai, Guilin and Xiangjun. Mashan was under the jurisdiction of Guilin Jun.

From the first year of emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty to the first year of Yuanding (206-116 B.C.), it was the land of Nanyue.

In the sixth year of Yuanding (111 BC), it belonged to Lingfang county and ZengShi County of Yulin County, Jiaozhou.

From the first year of Zhangwu to the fourth year of wutianji (221-280), it belongs to Linpu county and ZengShi County, Yulin County, Guangzhou.

From the first year of Taishi in the Western Jin Dynasty to the first year of Yuanxi in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (265-419), Xinlin County, Yulin County, Guangzhou was in the East, and zengxu County, Jinxing county was in the West.

From the first year of Yongchu to the first year of Zhongxing in the Southern Qi Dynasty (420-501), Emperor Wu of the Song Dynasty belonged to Xinlin county and zengxu County; from Tianjian to the third year of Zhenming (502-589), Emperor Wu of the Liang Dynasty belonged to Lingfang County of Nanding Prefecture in the East and Jinxing County in the West.

From the first year of Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty to the first year of emperor Gong of Yi Ning (581-617), it belongs to Lingfang county and Xuanhua County of Yulin County.

From the first year of Wude to the fourth year of Tianyou (618-907), Emperor Gaozu of Tang Dynasty belonged to Jimi sienzhou, the governor of Yongzhou in Lingnan West Road.

In the third year of the Song Dynasty (997), it belonged to Jimi sienzhou, Youjiang Road, Yongzhou, Guangnan West Road.

Yuan Zhizheng 23 years (1363), belong to Guangxi two River Road Xuanwei department, Guangxi travel in the book province Tianzhou Lu Si en tuzhou.

In the first year of Hongxi in Ming Dynasty (1425), cen Ying, the governor of sientu Prefecture, divided the prefecture into 13 fortresses, including Baishan, Xinglong, Qiaoli, Guling, Nama and dingluo, which was the earliest grass-roots administrative district in Mashan County. In the fourth year of Zhengtong (1439), sientu Prefecture was promoted to sientu Prefecture. In the sixth year of Zhengtong (1441), it was changed to sientu military and civilian Prefecture, and Cen Ying, the governor of sientu Prefecture, was also promoted to sientu Prefecture In the seventh year of Jiajing period (1528), Wang shourenzou, the imperial envoy of zuodu, was approved by the Qing court to move si'en Fu Zhi from qiaolilagou in the county to Huangtian in Wuyuan County. In the county, there are five local inspection departments, including Baishan, Nama, Xinglong, dingluo and Guling, which are still the military and civilian offices of si'en.

In 1867, Nama chieftain was changed into Nama hall. In 1870, Liuguan was appointed and still under the jurisdiction of si'en. Other chieftains such as dingluo, Xinglong, Baishan and Guling remained.

In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), namating was changed into Nama County, Luoding Tusi was abolished, and its jurisdiction was incorporated into Nama county. The county government was located in Shitang, which was subordinate to Yongnan Road (later changed to Nanning Road). In August of the fourth year of the Republic of China (1915), Longshan County was established by merging Xinglong, Baishan, Guling Tusi, some of Xiawang Tusi, wanggeng Tusi of Nama, and Qiling of Anding Tusi In 1927, the two counties were directly under the Guangxi provincial government; in 1930, they were subordinate to Binyang militia; in April 1932, Nanning and Binyang militia were merged into Nanning militia, and the two counties were subordinate to Nanning militia; in March 1934, they were divided into eight militia districts In February of 1937, Nanning administrative supervision district was divided into two parts, and both counties were transferred to Wuming administrative supervision district. In April of 1938, Guangxi Administrative supervision district ranked eighth, and Wuming district was subordinate to the eighth administrative supervision commissioner and Security Command Office In March 1942, the eighth and ninth districts were merged into the Fourth District, and the two counties were subordinate to the fourth district administrative inspector and security commander's office. In 1948, eight counties, such as Longshan and Nama, which originally belonged to the Fourth District, were divided into the eleventh district.

After liberation, the two counties belong to Wuming district.

In February 1951, the Wuming district was abolished and transferred to Nanning District (later renamed Binyang District).

In June 1951, Longshan County and Nama county were merged into Mashan County. The name of the county was combined with the word "Ma" of Nama and "Shan" of Longshan County. The county government was set up in Chengxiang town (now Baishan town) of Longshan County, and officially opened on July 1, under the jurisdiction of Binyang district.

In July 1952, Binyang district and Chongzuo District merged into Yongning District, belonging to Yongning district.

On December 6, 1952, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region was established, which belongs to Yongning special region of Guangxi.

In March 1956, the Western Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region was changed into the Western Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Prefecture, and Mashan County was directly under the jurisdiction of the Western Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Prefecture.

In January 1958, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Prefecture was abolished and Yongning special office was established. Mashan County was under the leadership of Yongning special office, and in November of the same year, it was changed into Nanning Office of commissioner.

In November 1971, after Nanning area was changed into Nanning area, Mashan County was subordinate to Nanning area.

In December 2002, the State Council decided to abolish Nanning. In June 2003, Mashan County was officially under the jurisdiction of Nanning city.

administrative division

As of 2014, Mashan County has jurisdiction over 7 towns including Baishan Town, Bailongtan Town, Linwei Town, Guling Town, JinChai Town, Zhoulu town and Yongzhou Town, and 4 townships including Qiaoli Township, Jiafang Township, guchai Yao Township and LiDang Yao township. The county government is located in Xihua street, Baishan town.

geographical environment

Location context

Mashan County is located in the central part of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, slightly to the west, in the north of Nanning City, on the South Bank of the middle section of Hongshui River and the north foot of Daming Mountain, bordering Shanglin county and Xincheng County of Laibin City in the East, Wuming District in the south, Pingguo city of Baise City and Dahua Yao Autonomous County of Hechi City in the west, and Du'an Yao Autonomous County of Hechi City across the Hongshui River in the north. The total area of the county is 2340.76 square meters It is between 107 ° 41 ′ - 108 ° 29 ′ E and 23 ° 24 ′ - 24 ° 2 ′ n.

topographic features

The landform of Mashan County is mainly mountainous and hilly. There are dashishan mountains in the East and West, Tuling hills in the middle and southwest. Shishan District has continuous mountains, numerous stone peaks, steep cliffs and steep cliffs. It is generally about 500 meters to 600 meters above sea level. Tuling has a gentle terrain, which is in the shape of Mantou mountain, with an altitude of 300 to 400 meters. The northwest and northeast of the territory are relatively high, and the ground elevation is about 450 meters. The county is about 55 km from Gaode village, Linwei Township, Huangfan village, Guling Township and Jiafang Township in the West. The terrain is relatively high, forming a watershed. The overall terrain on both sides inclines to the north and south respectively, reaching Hongshui River in the north and Wuming junction in the south, with a height of about 150 meters.

The distribution area of various geomorphic types in Mashan County is as follows: Zhongshan 43.96 square kilometers; low mountain 392.73 square kilometers, including small valley 11.41 square kilometers; karst peak cluster and peak forest (commonly known as Shishan) 1449.42 square kilometers, including depression and valley 219.85 square kilometers; hilly 277.94 square kilometers, including platform 68.28 square kilometers; large valley and basin 401.99 square kilometers, The water surface is 30.33 square kilometers. According to the distribution of geomorphic types, the county can be divided into three major geomorphic areas: the eastern karst peak cluster forest region, the central and southwest hilly region and the northwest karst peak forest region.

climate

Mashan County belongs to south subtropical humid climate region, South Fujian Pearl River climate region, is a low latitude region. The monsoon climate is obvious. In summer, it is often on the southwest edge of subtropical high, with strong southeast wind and abundant rainfall. In winter, because the county is located in the gap between duyang mountain and Daming Mountain in the southwest of the arc-shaped mountains in the middle of Guangxi, the northeast wind is often strong and the precipitation is small. The county has sufficient sunshine, warm climate, abundant rainfall, long summer and short winter, and long frost free period.

According to the statistical data in 2012, the annual average temperature of Mashan County is 21.50 ℃, the average annual precipitation is 1457.20 mm, and the annual sunshine hours are 1182.70 hours.

hydrology

In addition to the Hongshui River flowing through the north of Mashan County, there are only some small rivers. Surface river

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