Chaoan District, Chaozhou City, Guangdong Province

Chaoan District, Chaozhou District, Guangdong Province, is located in the east of Guangdong Province, in the middle and lower reaches of the Hanjiang River. The Hanjiang River runs through the whole area 96 kilometers north and south, connecting Shantou Special Economic Zone in the south, and in the "Golden Triangle" zone of Shantou, Chaozhou and Jieyang.

Chaoan district has jurisdiction over 16 towns and 1 state-owned forest farm, including 313000 mu of cultivated land, 1.1 million mu of mountainous and hilly areas, 461 administrative villages and 28 community neighborhood committees, with a total area of 1065.92 square kilometers, 392 administrative villages and 26 community neighborhood committees, with a total population of 1.04 million in 2013. Chaoan is a famous hometown of overseas Chinese. There are 700000 overseas Chinese, overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan living in Chaoan. In 2017, the GDP of the whole region reached 47.858 billion yuan, an increase of 7.2%

Chaoan was built in 331, the sixth year of Xianhe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, known as "Zou Lu on the seashore". And the original Chaozhou City several times after separation and integration, several times renamed. In December 1991, Chaozhou City at the county level was upgraded and expanded, and Chaoan County was restored to its organizational system. The central city was located in Anbu town. In August 2013, Chaoan County was divided into districts, with jurisdiction over other areas of dephosphorization Town, Guantang town and Tiepu town in former Chaoan County.

Chaoan district is a subtropical area, with abundant rainfall, mild climate, fertile land, evergreen all year round, and average daily temperature of 21.4 ℃. Since the restoration of the system, Wanfeng forest farm and Meilin Lake Nature Reserve have become provincial forest ecological nature reserves.

Historical evolution

During the Qin and Han Dynasties, it belonged to Jieyang County, Nanhai county. Haiyang county was established in the sixth year of Xianhe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (331).

It was under the jurisdiction of Dongguan county. Yian county was set up in the ninth year of Yixi (413) of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and the county government was set up in Haiyang county.

In the 10th year of Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty (590), Yian county was renamed Chaozhou the following year. In 607, Yian county was restored.

In 621, Yian county was renamed Chaozhou again. Tang Xuanzong Tianbao six years (742) changed the state to county, Chaozhou renamed Chaoyang County. In the sixth year of Qianyuan period of Tang Dynasty (758), Chaozhou was restored.

After the Song Dynasty, the territory of Haiyang county was gradually reduced. In 1121, Yongning, Chongyi and Yande townships were cut out and Jieyang county was built. In 1132, Jieyang county was abolished and merged into Haiyang county again.

In the Yuan Dynasty, Chaozhou was renamed the office of the general manager of Chaozhou road.

In Ming and Qing Dynasties, Chaozhou was changed into Chaozhou Prefecture.

In the 13th year of Chenghua in the Ming Dynasty (1477), there were eight capitals, namely, Xiange, Qingyuan and Weizhou in Guangde Township, Xuanhua and Xinning in Taiping Township, and Longyan City, Qiuxi and Suwan in Huaide township. In 1563, the capital of xiawaipu, zhongwaipu and shangwaipu in Haiyang County, Pengzhou, Xijiang and JIUPU in Jieyang County, and Suwan in Raoping County were divided into seven capitals, Chenghai county.

In 1738, Fengshun County was divided into Fengzheng capital of Haiyang County, Lantian capital of Jieyang County, Qingyuan capital of Dapu county and Wan'an capital of Jiaying county.

After the revolution of 1911, Haiyang county was subordinate to the pacifier of Chaozhou and the military affairs supervisor of Chaozhou.

In January 1914, because of the same name as Haiyang County in Shandong Province, it was renamed Chaoan County, belonging to the Chaozhou route.

In 1936, Chao'an, together with Chaoyang, Jieyang, Chenghai, Raoping, Huilai, Puning, Fengshun, Nan'ao and Shantou, belonged to the Fifth District administrative inspector's office, which was set up in Chao'an and later moved to Shantou.

In July 1951, the eastern Guangdong Office of Guangdong Provincial People's government was established in Chaoan County. In November of the same year, the eastern Guangdong Office was abolished and the eastern Guangdong Executive Office of Guangdong Provincial People's government was established.

In January 1953, the town of Chengguan was demolished and Chaoan city was established. In that year, it was renamed Chaozhou City. The counties and cities stood side by side under the leadership of the eastern Guangdong administrative office.

At the end of 1958, Chaozhou City was abolished and incorporated into Chaoan County.

On August 1, 1979, the organizational system of Chaozhou City was restored. In January 1980, Chaozhou City was rebuilt with Chaozhou Town and five brigades, namely Xiajin, liumu, woshi, huangjintang and Sheguang. The counties and cities were separated again. On July 1, 1983, the counties and cities merged and the organizational system of Chaoan County was canceled.

In December 1991, with the approval of the State Council, Chaozhou City was upgraded and expanded to Chaoan County, Raoping County and Xiangqiao District, while Chaoan County was restored. The county is located in Fengxi town.

April 23, 1992 in Fengxi town listed office. On September 21 of the same year, with the approval of the Ministry of civil affairs of the State Council, the county was relocated to Anbu town.

administrative division

In 1996, Chaoan County governed 22 towns: Anbu Town, Caitang Town, Dongfeng Town, Jinshi Town, Longhu Town, Shaxi Town, Fuyang Town, Fengtang Town, Jiangdong Town, Guxiang Town, Tiandong Town, Dengtang Town, Tiepu Town, phosphorus Town, Guantang Town, Fenghuang Town, Dashan Town, Wenci Town, Chifeng Town, Fengnan Town, Guihu town and Fengxi town. The county government is located in Anbu town.

In 2002, the town level administrative division of Chaoan County was adjusted: Dashan town was merged into Fenghuang Town, Fengnan town into Guihu Town, Tiandong town into Dengtang town. So far, Chaoan County has jurisdiction over 19 towns.

On June 28, 2013, the State Council approved the adjustment of some administrative divisions of Chaozhou City, abolishing Chaoan County and establishing Chaoan district. The original towns of Yuxi, Guantang and Tiepu in Chaoan County were put under the management of Xiangqiao District of Chaozhou City.

In 2019, Chaoan District governs 16 towns: Guxiang Town, Dengtang Town, Fengtang Town, Fuyang Town, Longhu Town, Jinshi Town, Shaxi Town, Caitang Town, Dongfeng Town, Anbu Town, Jiangdong Town, Guihu Town, Wenci Town, Fenghuang Town, Chifeng town and Fengxi town. There are Wanfeng forest farm, Dakeng nursery farm, dongshanhu farm and Anbu Economic Development Experimental Zone.

geographical environment

Location context

Chaoan district is located in the east of Guangdong Province, in the middle and lower reaches of Hanjiang River, adjacent to Raoping County in the East, Shantou Special Economic Zone in the south, Jiedong District of Jieyang City in the West and Fengshun County of Meizhou City in the north, with a total area of 1063.99 square kilometers.

topographic features

The northern part of Chao'an district is mountainous and hilly with two basins, and the two banks of Hanjiang River are in the south

Alluvial plain. The area of mountains and hills accounts for two-thirds of the total area in Chao'an District, and the rest is plain, basin and water system.

Hills: the landform is relatively broken, and the distribution of hills is relatively scattered. The central part of the area is mainly hilly area, and some isolated hills are scattered in the southern plain area.

Basin: the larger basins are Fenghuang basin and Guihu basin.

Plain: mainly alluvial plain of Hanjiang Delta. Taking Zhugan mountain as the peak, it spreads in a fan-shaped way to the south, connects Chenghai District of Shantou City and Shalong plain of Shantou City in the south, and borders Rongjiang plain in the West.

climate

Chaoan district has a subtropical marine monsoon climate. Main features:

(1) The rainfall is abundant but unevenly distributed. The average annual rainfall is 1688.3 mm, accounting for 84% of the annual rainfall from April to September, and only 16% from October to next March. The rainfall in the first ten days of June is the highest in a year.

(2) The climate is warm, with long summer and short winter. The annual average temperature is 21.4 ℃, the annual maximum temperature is 38.3 ℃ in July, and the minimum temperature is 13.2 ℃ in January. The monthly average temperature from March to December is more than 15 ℃. Only the monthly average temperature in January and February is less than 15 ℃.

(3) The sunshine is sufficient and the difference is large. The average annual sunshine hours is 1996.6 hours.

(4) The monsoon is prevailing and the southeast monsoon is dominant. Southeast wind prevails in spring, summer and autumn, especially in summer, and northerly wind prevails in winter (November to January).

(5) The common disaster weather includes low temperature, overcast rain, rainstorm, typhoon, low temperature, frost and cold dew. There are also tornadoes, hail and spring droughts.

river system

Hanjiang River System

Hanjiang River is the largest river in East Guangdong, with two sources, Meijiang River and Tingjiang River.

Meijiang river originates from qixingdong at the junction of Zijin County and Luhe County in Guangdong Province, while Tingjiang River originates from Trojan mountain in Ninghua County in Fujian Province. The two rivers are called Hanjiang River when they meet in Sanhe. Hanjiang River passes through the area obliquely from northwest to Southeast, with many tributaries, including Fenghuang River, Wenci River, Qiuxi River, tianluohu River, Shipi River, Jinsha River, tieshui River, Kanxia lake, Jiangdong River, Bailian River, Baigong river Pumice water, Komatsu water, DASONG water, Ke'an water, Xilin water, Lvzhu water, gaocuotang water, Toutang water and Ertang water form a huge water system.

The total area of rainwater collection is more than 400 square kilometers. In the south of Chaozhou City, Hanjiang River is divided into Dongxi, Xixi and Beixi. It flows through Chaoan District of Chaozhou City and then into the sea through Chenghai District of Shantou City. The total length in the area is 96 km.

Rongjiang river system

Xishan stream is located in the west of the area, flowing through Dengtang, Guxiang, Fengxi, Fengtang and other towns. The tributaries are chengaoshui, Shitian, baimangzhou, fengshuyuan, koilongxi and Hengtian. There are also Chaozhou suburbs and Fuyang and other streams merged, flowing into the North River of Rongjiang river at Fengkou, Jiedong district. It has a total length of 71 kilometers and a rainfall collection area of 664 square kilometers. It is 40 kilometers long in Chao'an and a rainfall collection area of 364 square kilometers.

Zhonglixi

A stream flowing into the sea alone in the inner ocean. It flows through Jinshi, Shaxi, Caitang, Anbu and other towns in the District, flows into Rongjiang River in the west, and discharges into Shantou port in the south through Puzhen town of Shantou City. The man-made drainage and irrigation channels and natural streams in the alluvial plain of Zhongli River and the west of Hanjiang River form a dense network of inland rivers.

Sanlixi

The earliest irrigation and drainage project in Chaoshan area. It starts from the south gate culvert on the West Bank of Hanjiang River in the south of Chaozhou City, goes around the west of Chaozhou City, and then flows into Rongjiang river through Fengxi, fengtangyu and Fengkou. The first section of Chao'an was excavated in the Northern Song Dynasty, with a length of 5.5 km. Because of the advantages of drainage, irrigation and transportation, it is called sanlixi. In addition, there is another saying that because the man-made river is connected with Xishan River, Haiyang, Jieyang and Chaoyang counties benefit from it, which is also called Sanli river. With the development of Beiguan irrigation project

Chinese PinYin : Guang Dong Sheng Chao Zhou Shi Chao An Qu