Enping City, Jiangmen City, Guangdong Province

Enping Enping, known as "enzhou" in ancient times, is one of the "five cities" managed by Jiangmen City, Guangdong Province. It is located in the west of Jiangmen City, bordering Kaiping and Taishan in the East, Yangjiang in the south, Yangchun in the west, Yunfu in the north, and the South China Sea. The city has a total area of 1698 square kilometers and a coastline of 21 kilometers. It governs 1 street and 10 towns. At the end of 2018, the total registered residence population was 500 thousand, and the gross domestic product was 19 billion 833 million yuan.

Enping was established in the 25th year of Jian'an (220) of the Eastern Han Dynasty. It is a thousand year old town in southern Guangdong, and one of the 20 counties in Guangdong Province that has been established for the longest time. It has a famous historical and cultural village in China, xiemajuren village, and the former site of the headquarters of the Guangdong People's Anti Japanese Liberation Army. It is Feng ruguli, the "father of China's aerospace". Enping is a famous hometown of overseas Chinese in China with a large population and global distribution.

Enping is an urban agglomeration of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao. It is a modern industrial base and hot spring resort on the West Bank of Pearl River Delta approved by Guangdong Province. It is also an industrial base of microphone industry in China, an industrial base of performing arts equipment in China, a hometown of hot springs in China, a geothermal National Geopark, and a cold shelter and livable place in China.

Historical evolution

Before Qin Dynasty, it was the place of Baiyue.

In the Qin Dynasty, in the 33rd year of the first emperor (214 BC), the Qin Dynasty unified Lingnan and Enping belonged to Nanhai county.

In the Han Dynasty, it belonged to Gaoliang County, Hepu County, Jiaozhou. Siping county was set up in 220, the 25th year of Jian'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty. It belongs to the Sun Wu regime. The county government is mainly located in enpingpu, Liangxi Town, Enping City. It governs the whole territory of Enping and parts of Yangjiang and Yangchun. This is the beginning of Enping system.

In the Three Kingdoms period, Siping county was changed into Hai'an County in the first year of Huangwu (222), belonging to Gaoxing County of Guangzhou.

In Jin Dynasty, it belongs to Siping County, Gaoliang County, Guangzhou.

In the southern and Northern Dynasties, Siping county was changed into Qi'an County in the Southern Qi Dynasty, which was governed by Qi'an County in Guangzhou.

Sui Dynasty, kaihuang ten years (590 years) abandoned Qi'an county. Kaihuang eighteen years (598) again known as Hai'an County. It belongs to Gaoliang County, Guangzhou.

In the Tang Dynasty, Haian County was changed into Qi'an County in the fifth year of Wude (622), belonging to Gaozhou. Zhenguan 23 years (649 years) belong to Enshou. The first year of Tianbao (742) was changed to Enping county. In the first year of Qianyuan (758), Enshou was restored. In 757, Qi'an county was changed into Enping county. Qi'an county is the seat of the state (county). In 891, enzhouzhi moved from Enping to Yangjiang county. It belongs to Lingnan Road (Lingnan East Road).

The Five Dynasties and ten States belong to the state of enzhou in the Southern Han Dynasty.

In the Song Dynasty, in the fifth year of Kaibao (972), the enzhou government moved to Yangjiang county. In 976, Enping county was abandoned and merged into Yangjiang County, which still belongs to enzhou. Qingli eight years (1048) renamed nanenzhou, the original Enping County for Yangjiang County Enping inspection department, where the original county governance. It belongs to Guangnan East Road.

In the Yuan Dynasty, nan'en Prefecture was changed to nan'en road in 1276. In the 19th year of Zhiyuan (1282), nan'en road became nan'en state. It belongs to Guangdong Road.

Ming Dynasty, Chenghua two years (1466) home enpingbao, Yangjiang county. In the 14th year of Chenghua (1478), 23 maps of 5 capitals were separated from Xinxing, Yangjiang and Xinhui counties. There were 3411 military and civilian households, with a total of 12665 men and women. The farmland and pond taxes were more than 2160 hectares, and Enping county was restored. It belongs to the office of Si Zhaoqing, the Minister of Chengxuan government of Guangdong Province.

In the Qing Dynasty, it belonged to Zhaoqing mansion, Luodao, Guangzhao, Guangdong Province.

In the Republic of China, Enping county is subordinate to Guangdong Province Yuehai Road, South Road Administrative Region, central Guangdong district and the first district.

The people's Republic of China, from October 1949 to April 1952, belongs to the central region of Guangdong Province.

From May 1952 to January 1956, it belongs to the western Guangdong administrative region of Guangdong Province.

From February 1956 to October 1958, it belongs to Foshan special district of Guangdong Province.

From October 1958 to February 1959, it belonged to Gaoyao special area of Guangdong Province. On November 14, 1958, Enping and Kaiping were merged into Kaien county. On January 7, 1959, they were renamed Kaiping county.

From February 1959 to April 1961, it belongs to Kaiping County, Jiangmen District, Guangdong Province. On March 26, 1961, the two counties were divided and restored to Enping county.

From April 1961 to June 14, 1963, it belongs to Zhaoqing District of Guangdong Province.

From June 15, 1963 to May 1983, it belongs to Foshan special district of Guangdong Province.

From June 1983 to February 28, 1994, it belongs to Jiangmen City, Guangdong Province.

On February 28, 1994, with the approval of the State Council, Enping was set up as a county-level city instead of a county-level city, which was entrusted by the people's Government of Guangdong Province to Jiangmen City.

administrative division

In November 2001, Langdi Town, Jiangzhou Town, Hongjiao town and enqiao town were abolished, and their administrative areas were merged into Datian Town, Juntang Town, Hengpi town and Dahuai town respectively; Encheng town was abolished, and Encheng street, Pingshi street, Jiangnan street and Dong'an street were established. The subordinate "management area" is changed to "village (residents) committee".

In April 2004, Jiangnan street was abolished and merged into Encheng street.

In 2006, Dong'an street was abolished and its administrative divisions were merged into Encheng street and Dongcheng Town respectively.

In February 2008, Pingshi street was abolished and merged into Encheng street.

In 2019, Enping City governs 1 street and 10 towns: Encheng street, Hengpi Town, Liangxi Town, Shahu Town, Niujiang Town, Juntang Town, Datian Town, Naji Town, Dahuai town and Dongcheng Town. In addition, Enping Park Management Committee is set up.

geographical environment

Location context

Enping City, located in the southwest of Guangdong Province, is the intersection of the Pearl River Delta and western Guangdong. It borders Kaiping City and Taishan City in the East, Yangdong District of Yangjiang City in the south, Yangchun City in the west, and Xinxing County of Yunfu City in the north. It belongs to the Pearl River Delta Urban Agglomeration and Pearl River economic circle. It spans 21 ° 54'31 "～ 22 ° 29'44" n and 111 ° 59'51 "～ 112 ° 31'23" E, 50.24 km wide from east to west and 62.47 km long from north to south. The total land area of the city is 1698 square kilometers, and the coastline is 21 kilometers long.

topographic features

Half of Enping is mountainous area and half is hilly area. The whole area is wide in the north and narrow in the south. The terrain is high. 95% of the land in Enping is above 10 meters above sea level. In the west, the mountain ranges overlap, the remaining veins of Tianlu mountain extend to Enping City, and qixingkeng primeval forest is at the junction of Yangchun and Yangdong in the West; the da da mountain in the abdomen extends from southwest to northwest to form a high ridge, which divides into the western low mountain and high hill area; the Jinjiang River runs through the central part from west to East, flows into Tanjiang River, and divides into the southern hilly area and the Northeast wide valley hilly area; the southeast is adjacent to the South China Sea, The exit leads directly to Zhenhai Bay between Beidou town and Wenchun town of Taishan City. The highest point of the city is Zhuhuan mountain, 1014 meters above sea level; the lowest point is Zhenhai Bay.

The remains of Xingqi cave mortar glacier are located in the deep mountains of the west of Naji Town, Enping City. There is a 3 km long Canyon hidden. Hundreds of cave mortar are distributed on the granite base of the canyon. Geologists have two different interpretations of these mortars: the "ice mortar" and the "pot hole".

hydrology

The main rivers in Enping include the main stream and tributaries of Jinjiang River in Tanjiang River system, the Naji River and backflow River in Moyang river system, and the Lantian River in Xiaojiang sea system. All of them originate from Tianlu mountain and its remaining veins and flow eastward and southward.

climate

Enping has a subtropical monsoon climate with four distinct seasons, short winter and long summer, and relative spring and autumn. It is one of the rainstorm centers in Guangdong Province. However, the annual rainfall is uneven, with more rainfall in spring and summer and less rainfall in autumn and winter. The average annual rainfall is 2263 mm. There are many typhoons in autumn and summer, which are tropical cyclones with an average of 3-4 times a year. Over the years, the average sunshine is 1762 hours, the average frost period is 1.5 days, and the longest is 8 days.

natural resources

water resource

Enping has more than 200 large, medium and small reservoirs such as Jinjiang reservoir and qingnanjiao reservoir, among which Jinjiang reservoir is the largest comprehensive project of water storage, power generation and irrigation in Jiangmen Area.

Enping is rich in water resources, with an average annual runoff depth of 1420 mm, an average annual total runoff of 2.38 billion cubic meters, and an average water volume of 6419 cubic meters per person, which is 2.4 times of 2700 cubic meters of the national average and 1.8 times of 3520 cubic meters of the provincial average. The average amount of water per mu of cultivated land is 5000 cubic meters, 27.5 times of the national average of 82 cubic meters per mu and 1.2 times of the provincial average of 4143 cubic meters per mu.

land resource

Enping has a broad land area, complex terrain and diverse soil. It belongs to hilly area, including paddy field, mountainous area and dry land soil. According to the records of soil survey in the 1980s, the paddy field area is 385400 mu, which is mainly distributed in the western and central parts of the territory, followed by the southeast. The total dry land soil area is 82000 mu, distributed in the West and North. By the mid-1980s, the area of paddy fields had increased and decreased from time to time, reaching 445200 mu in 1985. After the 1990s, affected by the land requisition for national construction, the area of paddy field has decreased. By the end of 2011, the total area of cultivated land in the city was more than 590000 mu.

mineral resources

The mineral resources in Enping can be divided into non-metallic and metallic minerals. Among the non-metallic minerals, limestone is distributed in 10 towns of Enping City, with a total reserve of more than 1 billion tons. In addition, potash feldspar, quartzite, crystal, barite, qingdaoshi, inkstone, ceramic mud, coal and so on also have a certain amount. Among the metal mines, gold reserves are about 5 tons, and tungsten, tin and copper are also abundant.

It is a natural sedimentary rock with a history of nearly 500 million years. It is a kind of precious natural health care material. According to the test and identification of Guangdong Provincial Central Laboratory of the former Ministry of Geology and mineral resources, there are 26 elements in Enping Qishi, except for a large amount of silicon, aluminum, potassium, sodium, iron and magnesium

Chinese PinYin : Guang Dong Sheng Jiang Men Shi En Ping Shi