Xiangxiang City, Xiangtan City, Hunan Province

Xiangxiang Xiangxiang City, subordinate to Xiangtan City, Hunan Province, is located in the east of central Hunan Province. It is adjacent to Shaoshan City and Xiangtan County in the East, Shuangfeng County in the south, Loudi City in the West and Ningxiang city in the north, with a total area of 1967 square kilometers, accounting for about 0.95% of the total area of Hunan Province.

Xiangxiang is the source of the Hunan army. "Since ancient times, there has been no army without Hunan, and the Hunan army in the world has come out of Xiangxiang.". Xiangxiang once "gathered talents in a hundred Li area, maintained the overall situation with the strength of one army" and "conquered 18 provinces with the strength of one county". After more than half a century, Xiangxiang has made a great contribution in modern Chinese history. There are Dongshan academy, a national key cultural relics protection unit, and four provincial cultural relics protection units. More than 5000 ancient tombs and a large number of cultural relics have been found since the Warring States period. More than 20 historical sites, such as Confucian temple, fuhujing, Chugong temple, Guanyin Pavilion, Zhuangyuan tower and song kiln site, are well preserved. Red tourism resources are abundant, including Chairman Mao Zedong's alma mater Dongshan academy, former residence of Chen Geng and Tan Zheng, former residence of Huang Gonglue inscribed by Yang Shangkun, and bronze statue of Huang Gonglue inscribed by Jiang Zemin and Li Peng.

In 2019, Xiangxiang City governs 4 streets, 15 towns and 3 townships with a permanent resident population of 812100. In 2019, the city's GDP will reach 48.3 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 7.8%. According to the resident population, the per capita GDP was 59233 yuan, up 8.4% year on year. On January 29, 2021, it was selected into the list of areas with remarkable achievements in real work in 2020 announced by Hunan Provincial People's government.

Historical evolution

In the fourth year of Jianping in the Western Han Dynasty (the first three years), Emperor Liu Xin granted Prince Liu Chang of Changsha the title of Marquis of Xiangxiang, which was the beginning of the establishment of Xiangxiang.

In the early years of Jianwu in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Xiangxiang county was set up in the former Marquis territory of Xiangxiang, belonging to Lingling County of Jingzhou.

Three Kingdoms belong to Hengyang County.

In the third year of Yongchu of Song Dynasty (442), Liandao entered Xiangxiang county.

In 589, Xiangxiang, Xiangxi and Hengshan counties were merged into Hengshan County, which belongs to the general office of Tanzhou. In the third year of Daye (607), the general manager's office of Tanzhou was changed into Changsha County. Xiangxiang belongs to Changsha County.

In 621, the fourth year of Wude in Tang Dynasty, Hengshan County was restored to Xiangxiang county.

In the first year of Yuanzhen (1295), it was promoted to Xiangxiang Prefecture.

In the second year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1369), Xiangxiang Prefecture was reduced to county.

In the Qing Dynasty, Xiangxiang County belonged to Changsha Prefecture.

In the third year of the Republic of China (1914), the system of Fuzhou was changed to Dao, and Xiangxiang county belongs to Xiangjiang Dao. Eleven years (1922), the abolition of the road system, Xiangxiang county directly under the provincial jurisdiction. In 1937, it was the sixth administrative supervision district of Hunan Province (the office of the commissioner was set up in Shaoyang County). In 1940, it was transferred to the fifth Office of the Commissioner of administrative supervision (Yiyang County).

In 1949, after the founding of the people's Republic of China, Xiangxiang county belongs to Yiyang district.

In January 1952, the Hunan provincial government decided to set aside the third, sixth and seventh districts and part of the second district from Xiangxiang county to build Shuangfeng County; set aside the ninth and tenth districts to the newly established Lianyuan County; and the remaining six districts are still Xiangxiang county.

In November 1953, Xiangxiang was changed to Shaoyang district.

In July 1965, it was transferred to Xiangtan district.

In February 1983, Xiangtan district was abolished and Xiangxiang county was under the jurisdiction of Xiangtan city.

On September 12, 1986, the State Council approved the change of Xiangxiang county to Xiangxiang City.

On March 6, 1987, Xiangxiang City was officially established.

In September 2015, the implementation plan of Hunan Provincial Department of land and resources to promote the pilot economic system reform of counties directly under the jurisdiction of Hunan Province was issued, and Xiangxiang City became the pilot county (city) of economic system reform of counties directly under the jurisdiction of Hunan Province.

administrative division

Division evolution

In 1996, Xiangxiang City governed 3 streets, 13 towns and 6 townships: Kunlunqiao street, wangchunmen street, Xinxiang Road Street, shanzao Town, Zhongsha Town, Yueshan Town, Baitian Town, Jinshi Town, quantang Town, Lishan Town, Hutian Town, Meiqiao Town, Qizi Town, Yutang Town, Tanshi Town, FanJiang Town, Maotian Town, Dongshan Town, Dongjiao Town, Longdong Town, yuduan town and jinsou town. The municipal government is stationed at wangchunmen.

In 2000, Xiangxiang City governed 4 streets, 13 towns and 5 townships: wangchunmen street, Xinxiang Road Street, Kunlunqiao street, Dongshan street, shanzao Town, Lishan Town, Zhongsha Town, Yutang Town, Tanshi Town, Qizi Town, Hutian Town, FanJiang Town, Jinshi Town, Baitian Town, Yueshan Town, quantang Town, Meiqiao Town, Dongjiao Town, Maotian Town, jinsou Town, Yuyu town and Longdong town.

In 2007, Maotian set up a town instead of a township. On July 1, 2008, Longdong town was built from township. After the adjustment, the city governs 4 streets, 15 towns and 3 townships: wangchunmen street, Xinxiang Road Street, Kunlunqiao street, Dongshan street, shanzao Town, Lishan Town, Zhongsha Town, Yutang Town, Tanshi Town, Qizi Town, Hutian Town, FanJiang Town, Jinshi Town, Baitian Town, Yueshan Town, quantang town, Meiqiao Town, Maotian Town, Longdong Town, Dongjiao Town, JinSu town and Yuyu town.

On March 20, 2012, Xiangtan Municipal Party committee decided to put seven administrative villages in Longdong town and two administrative villages in Jinshi town of Xiangxiang City into Shaoshan City. After the adjustment, the area of Xiangxiang City decreased from 2011 square kilometers to 1975 square kilometers, and the area of Shaoshan City increased from 211 square kilometers to 247.3 square kilometers.

On May 10, 2012, nine administrative villages in Xiangxiang City were formally put under the jurisdiction of Shaoshan City. Seven villages (Shitang, Huaqiao, Guyang, Shaodong, Shaoxi, Xinhu, Chengqian) in Longdong town of Xiangxiang City (with an area of 28 square kilometers and a population of 9627) are under the jurisdiction of Shaoshan township; two villages (Tuantian and Shutang) in Jinshi town of Xiangxiang City (with an area of 8.3 square kilometers and a population of 3307) are under the jurisdiction of Yanglin township. After the adjustment, the number of organic villages in Xiangxiang City was reduced by 9.

Current situation of regionalization

By 2019, Xiangxiang City has 4 streets, 15 towns and 3 townships. Xiangxiang Municipal People's government is stationed in wangchunmen street.

geographical environment

geographical position

Xiangxiang City is located in the east of central Hunan, bordering Shaoshan City and Xiangtan County in the East, Shuangfeng County in the south, Loudi City in the West and Ningxiang city in the north. From 1996 to 1998, according to the regulations of the State Council on the settlement of disputes in administrative regions, the boundary between Xiangxiang and Loudi, Shuangfeng, Shaoshan, Ningxiang and Xiangtan counties (cities) was 547.33 km. It is between 111 ° 59 ′ 40 ″ - 112 ° 38 ′ 55 ″ E and 27 ° 29 ′ 2 ″ - 28 ° 3 ′ 45 ″ n. The longest horizontal distance is 65.4 km from east to west and 64.8 km from north to south. The total area of the city is 1967 square kilometers, accounting for 0.95% of the total area of Hunan Province.

topographic features

Xiangxiang City is located in the hilly area of Hunan and Jiangxi in South China, in the transition zone from the hills in the middle of Hunan to the Xiangjiang River Valley, which is sandwiched between the northeast of Xuefeng mountain and the north of Yuecheng mountain. It is relatively high in the West and south, and gentle in the East and North. The highest point is sanjianfeng of Baozhong mountain, with an altitude of 807 meters; the lowest point is near wenjiatan, the eastern suburb of Lianshui exit, with an altitude of 41 meters. The terrain gradient is 19 ‰ from west to East.

General situation of rivers

The main water system of Xiangxiang City is Lianshui, and there are 13 tributaries. The maximum annual runoff of Lianshui is 6.143 billion cubic meters, and the minimum runoff is 1.680 billion cubic meters.

Climatic characteristics

Xiangxiang City is located in the subtropical monsoon humid climate region, with drought in summer and autumn, short cold period, long frost free period, cold winter and hot summer, four distinct seasons, sufficient light and heat, abundant rain, fertile land and long crop growth period. From 1986 to 2005, the annual average temperature (the same below) was 17.1 ℃, the daily range was 7.3 ℃, the frost free period was 283 days, the sunshine hours was 1558.7 hours, the rainfall was 1326.8 mm, the evaporation was 1284.1-1340.0 mm, and the wind speed was 24 m / s.

Resource overview

water resource

Xiangxiang City is rich in rivers and water resources. Lianshui runs across the city, directly into 16 tributaries, from west to East, winding 97 kilometers, into Xiangxiang rain collection area of 1784 square kilometers, accounting for 89% of the city's total area. The maximum annual runoff of Lianshui is 6.143 billion cubic meters, and the minimum runoff is 1.680 billion cubic meters. In addition, Wujiang River flows into Ningxiang city by 21 kilometers and Jinshui River flows into Ningxiang city by 4.5 kilometers. The total amount of water resources is 152466 million cubic meters.

land resource

Agricultural land in Xiangxiang City is 157.187 million hectares, accounting for 78.45% of the total area of the city. There are 44505.2 hectares of paddy field, 8563.47 hectares of dry land, 5654.47 hectares of garden land, 74469.13 hectares of forest land, 87.45 hectares of pasture land and 23907 hectares of water area. The construction land is 18481.83 hectares, accounting for 9.22% of the total area. The unused land is 24693.8 hectares, accounting for 12.3% of the total area. The per capita land resources is 0.22 hectares, and the per capita cultivated land is 0.06 hectares.

plant resources

There are many kinds of plants in Xiangxiang City, which belong to more than 300 families (orders), more than 600 genera and more than 1000 species. There are more than 20 kinds of wild plants under key protection, such as Metasequoia glyptostroboides and Cinnamomum camphora. There are more than 600 kinds of wild plants that are valuable and have been used.

Animal resources

In 1998, Xiangxiang City conducted a general survey of wildlife resources. There are 15 orders, 78 families and 110 species of terrestrial wildlife in Xiangxiang City, including 9 species of pangolin, otter and civet cat under provincial second level protection, 37 species of egret, grey swallow, magpie and owl under provincial third level protection, and sika deer, bullfrog and other introduced breeding animals.

mineral resources

Xiangxiang City has explored 32 kinds of high-quality mineral deposits and 169 mineral areas. "Qizi limestone", zinc bearing natural mineral water, dolomite, silica, gypsum, talc