Badong County, Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hubei Province

Badong County Badong County, under Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Hubei Province, is located in the southwest of Hubei Province, on both sides of the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and in the northeast of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture. It connects Xingshan County, Zigui County and Changyang Tujia Autonomous County of Yichang City in the East, Wufeng Tujia Autonomous County and Hefeng County of Yichang City in the south, Jianshi County and Wushan County of Chongqing City in the west, and Shennongjia forest region in the north. The total area is 3351.6 square kilometers. By June 2020, Badong County has 10 towns and 2 townships with a total population of 488000 (in 2019).

There are a large number of Paleolithic, Neolithic and ancient cultural sites, ancient tombs and ancient plank roads in Badong. Such as: flame stone Paleolithic cultural sites, the Yangtze River ancient plank road, the West soil slope tomb group, East soil mouth Fuma tomb, Yanchi River Ba cultural activities sites. Tens of thousands of cultural relics have been excavated in the inundated areas of the Three Gorges and Qingjiang water conservancy projects alone.

Badong County is a national ecological civilization construction demonstration county, a national health county, a National Garden County, a national "safe agricultural machinery" Demonstration County, and the first batch of revolutionary cultural relics protection and utilization area counties.

In April 2020, the people's Government of Hubei Province approved Badong County to withdraw from the poverty-stricken county sequence.

In 2019, the GDP of Badong County will reach 12.746 billion yuan, an increase of 4.9% over 2018. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 2.265 billion yuan, an increase of 3.3%. The added value of the secondary industry was 3.149 billion yuan, down 1.3%, of which the industrial added value was 2.157 billion yuan, down 6.4%, and the added value of the construction industry was 1.035 billion yuan, up 14.6%. The added value of the tertiary industry was 73.32 yuan, an increase of 8.6%.

Historical evolution

Before the Zhou Dynasty, the Ba nationality lived in the area of Zhongli mountain (now northwest of Changyang, Hubei Province).

King Wu of Zhou conquered Yin and was granted the title of Ba Zi state.

Zhou Shen Liang Wang five years (316 BC), and in the Qin Dynasty, to its land for Bajun.

In the sixth year of Jian'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (201), it was changed to Guling county. Liu Zhang divided Ba County into Badong. At the end of Jian'an, Liu Bei was changed to Fuling county.

Shu Han of the Three Kingdoms changed to Yong'an.

Jin, fuming, Yufu.

At the beginning of the Sui Dynasty, the county was abolished. Daye changed Xinzhou into Badong County. Kaihuang eighteen years (AD 598) home Badong County.

Tang Wude two years (619), home to the state, jurisdiction Zigui, Badong two counties. In the first year of Tianbao (742), Badong County was established. In the first year of Qianlong reign (758), it was restored to the state.

In Song Dynasty, it was still named Guizhou.

In 1277, it was promoted to Guizhou Road, which was under the jurisdiction of Hu Guangxing Zhongshu province. In 1380, it was reduced to Zhou.

In 1376, Zigui County was abandoned and Badong County was subordinate to Yiling Prefecture. In 1380, it was restored to the prefecture and governed Xingshan and Badong counties.

In 1648, Yiling was changed to Yiling.

In 1729, it was promoted to Zhili Prefecture, with jurisdiction over Changyang, Xingshan, Badong and Enshi counties and 19 chieftains in Rongmei and Longtan.

In 1735, Yiling Prefecture was upgraded to Yichang Prefecture and Yiling county was changed to Donghu County, which was subordinate to Jingyi Shidao. Guizhou was reduced to a county-level state, and Badong County was subordinate to Yichang Prefecture.

In 1912, Badong County belonged to Jingnan road.

In 1932, Badong County was transferred from Yichang administrative supervision district to Enshi administrative supervision district.

In 1949, it belonged to Enshi special area.

In 1970, it belonged to Enshi area.

In 1983, it belonged to Tujia Miao Autonomous Prefecture in Western Hubei.

In 1985, the Three Gorges province was planned to be established. Badong County is the administrative division of the Three Gorges province.

In 1986, it abandoned the preparation of the Three Gorges province and still belongs to the Tujia Miao Autonomous Prefecture in Western Hubei Province.

In 1993, it belongs to Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture.

administrative division

By June 2020, Badong County has jurisdiction over 10 towns and 2 townships: Xinling Town, dongfukou Town, Yanduhe Town, Guandukou Town, Chadianzi Town, lvcongpo Town, Dazhiping Town, Yesanguan Town, Shuibuya town, qingtaiping Town, xiqiuwan town and jinguoping town. The county government is located at No.1 Wuxia Road, xidanpo, Xinling town.

geographical environment

Location context

Badong County is located in the southwest of Hubei Province, on both sides of the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and in the northeast of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture. It lies between 110 ° 04 ˊ - 110 ° 32 ˊ E and 30 ° 28 ˊ - 31 ° 28 ˊ n, connecting Xingshan County, Zigui County and Changyang Tujia Autonomous County of Yichang City in the East, Wufeng Tujia Autonomous County and Hefeng County of Yichang City in the south, Jianshi County and Wushan County of Chongqing City in the west, and Shennongjia forest region in the north . It is 10.3 kilometers wide from east to west and 135 kilometers long from north to south, with a total area of 3351.6 square kilometers.

topographic features

Badong County has a long and narrow terrain, high in the West and low in the East, undulating from north to south. It is 10.3 km wide from east to West (the narrowest part) and 135 km long from north to South (horizontal distance). Landform features: rugged surface, undulating mountains, deep valleys, vertical and horizontal gullies, is a typical karst landform. The highest altitude is 3005m and the maximum relative height difference is 2938.2m. The average slope of the earth's surface is 28.6 degrees, of which 66% are mountains above 25 degrees, and the terrain is mainly mountainous; 37.09% are mountains above 1200 meters, and 33.07% are middle mountain areas above 800-1200 meters.

climate

Badong County is located in the subtropical monsoon region, warm and rainy, hot and humid and foggy, with four distinct seasons. The vertical differences of light, heat and water distribution are obvious, forming different mountain microclimates. When the altitude increases by 100 meters, the climate decreases by 0.62 ℃ on average, and the frost free period decreases by 5-7 days. The total solar radiation is in the low value area of China, with an annual average of 88-99 kcal / cm2, and the total sunshine hours are between 1200-1650 hours. The longest frost free period is 311 days and the shortest is 173 days. The annual average rainfall is 1100-1900 mm, mostly from April to September. The annual wind speed is low, the average wind speed is 1.5-3.4 M / s, mostly easterly and southwest wind, and the frequency of northerly and westerly wind is low.

hydrology

In addition to the Yangtze River and Qingjiang River, there are 10 rivers and 68 small tributaries in Badong County.

natural resources

water resource

The runoff of Badong County is 3.3 billion cubic meters, the reserve is 1.73 million kilowatts, and the exploitable capacity is 1.643 million kilowatts. The installed capacity of Shuibuya power station under construction is 1.49 million kilowatts, accounting for 90% of the development capacity of Badong County. As of 2011, 41 power stations have been built with a capacity of 43800 kW and have been connected to the grid.

plant resources

As of 2011, there are about 160 families, 734 genera and nearly 2000 species of plants in Badong County. In particular, Manglietia badongensis and Pinus armandii grow in the valley of Baxia. Badong is the hometown of Ancient Ginkgo community in China, with 2.21 million ginkgo trees and 601 ancient trees more than 100 years old. There are many biological resources in Badong. The citrus production base has been established in the valley area, which is the Jincheng County in China. Low mountain and two high mountains are the key producing areas of tung oil tree and Sapium sebiferum. There are more than 430 kinds of wild, semi wild and cultivated medicinal plants in Badong County, 177 of which are listed and purchased by the state alone, such as Gastrodia elata, asarum robustum, a plant on the top of the head, etc.

mineral resources

As of 2011, there are 23 kinds of known minerals in Badong County, including fuel, metal and non-metal minerals. Anthracite reserves ranked first in the province, is one of China's 100 key coal producing counties.

The total coal reserves are 102.39 million tons, and the calorific value is 5000-7000 kcal, mainly distributed in mashaping, Xinjia, jiziyan and Baotahe.

There are 1 large iron ore, 4 medium iron ore and 2 small iron ore with total reserves of 210 million tons. There are many silica ore spots, only two of which have been proved, with reserves of more than 100 million tons, layer thickness of 26-48 meters, silica content of 96-98%, and most of the ores are exposed.

The annual flow of mineral water is 3600 cubic meters. It contains dozens of essential minerals such as selenium, strontium and zinc. Limestone is widely distributed in the county with high grade and large reserves. The total geological area of limestone is 3.58 million mu, accounting for 60% of the total area of Badong County. The total reserves are 1 billion tons and the content of calcium oxide is 50%. In addition, there are calcite, dolomite, marble, slate, gypsum, phosphorus, potassium and other mineral resources.

population

As of 2019, the total registered residence population of Badong county was 488 thousand, of which 431 thousand and 200 of the permanent residents and 40.3% of urbanization. The total number of registered residence is 166667. Among them, the male population is 252900, accounting for 52.04%. The female population is 233100, accounting for 47.96%. 4126 people were born, with a birth rate of 7.55%. The death rate was 7.07 ‰. The natural growth rate of population is 0.48%.

There are Mongolian, Hui, Tibetan, Uygur, Miao, Yi, Zhuang, Buyi, Korean, Manchu, Dong, Yao, Bai, Tujia, Hani, Dai, Li, she, Gaoshan, Shui, Naxi, Tu, Sala, Gelao, Xibo, Achang, Qiang, Tajik, Jing and other nationalities in Badong County.

Economics

overview

In 2019, the GDP of Badong County will reach 12.746 billion yuan, an increase of 4.9% over 2018. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 2.265 billion yuan, an increase of 3.3%. The added value of the secondary industry was 3.149 billion yuan, down 1.3%, of which the industrial added value was 2.157 billion yuan, down 6.4%, and the added value of the construction industry was 1.035 billion yuan, up 14.6%. The added value of the tertiary industry was 73.32 yuan, an increase of 8.6%.

In 2019, the per capita GDP of Badong County is 29511 yuan,

Chinese PinYin : Hu Bei Sheng En Shi Tu Jia Zu Miao Zu Zi Zhi Zhou Ba Dong Xian