Hongan County, Huanggang City, Hubei Province

Hong'an County, formerly known as Huang'an, belongs to Huanggang City, Hubei Province. It is located in the northeast of Hubei Province, at the junction of Hubei and Henan provinces. It is adjacent to Macheng in the East, Huangpi District and Dawu County in the west, Xinzhou District in the South and Xinxian County in Henan Province in the north. The total area is 1796 square kilometers.

In 1563, Hongan county was officially established. He once raised a large number of famous officials and scholars, such as Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi, the founder of Neo Confucianism and philosophers in the Northern Song Dynasty, Li Zhi, a thinker in the Ming Dynasty, ye Junjian, a modern translator and writer, Feng Tianyu, a historian, and Zhang Peigang, an economist. During the great revolution, the first shot of the jute uprising was fired here, and three main Red Army forces, the Fourth Front Army, the 25th army and the 28th army, were born. 140000 heroic sons and daughters were sacrificed, and 22552 revolutionary martyrs were registered. Hong'an has two presidents, Dong Biwu and Li Xiannian, and 223 generals, including Chen Xilian, Han Xianchu and Qin Jiwei. Therefore, it has become "the first general county in China". It is a typical agricultural county in mountainous areas, a key county in the new round of national poverty alleviation and development work, and a demonstration pilot county in the construction of national old districts. In August 2018, with the approval of Hubei provincial government, Hong'an County withdrew from the poverty-stricken county sequence.

In 2019, 10 towns and 1 township will be under the jurisdiction of Hong'an county. In 2017, the permanent resident population of Hongan county was 609200, and the GDP was 15.381 billion yuan (current price), of which the added value of primary industry was 2.737 billion yuan, the added value of secondary industry was 7.374 billion yuan, the added value of tertiary industry was 5.271 billion yuan, the ratio of tertiary industrial structure was 17.79:47.94:34.27, and the per capita GDP was 25323 yuan.

Historical evolution

The Ming and Qing Dynasties belonged to Huangzhou Prefecture.

In 1563, the court officially approved the establishment of the county. Twenty Li Jia (110 Li, 10 Li) in Taiping and Xianju townships of gemacheng, eight Li Jia in Fuyuan township of Huangpi, and twelve Li Jia in Shangzhong township of Huanggang were affiliated to Xinjian County, which was named Xin'an County and soon changed to Huang'an county.

In 1914, it belonged to Jianghan Road. In 1927, the road was abandoned, directly under the Hubei provincial government. In 1932, it was the fourth administrative supervision district of Hubei Province. In 1936, the third and fourth administrative supervision districts were merged into the second administrative supervision district, belonging to the second administrative supervision district. In January 1940, the second administrative supervision area was changed into Edong administrative office of Hubei Province, which was also Edong administrative office. In November 1945, the Eastern Hubei administrative office was changed into the second administrative supervision area, which is still the second administrative supervision area.

In 1947, Huang'an county was restored.

In April 1949, it belonged to the third administrative region of Hubei Henan border region, and in May it belonged to Xiaogan special region.

In June 1952, it was transferred to Huanggang district.

In September 1952, with the approval of the Government Affairs Council of the Central People's government, Huang'an was changed into Hong'an.

In 1970, it belonged to Huanggang area.

In 1996, Huanggang district was changed into Huanggang City, and Hong'an was a city of Huanggang.

administrative division

In 2019, 10 towns and 1 township will be under the jurisdiction of Hong'an county. The people's Government of Hong'an county is located in Chengguan town.

geographical environment

Location context

Hongan county is located in the northeast of Hubei Province, at the junction of Hubei and Henan provinces. It is adjacent to Macheng in the East, Huangpi District and Dawu County in the west, Xinzhou District in the South and Xinxian County in Henan Province in the north. It is located between 114 ° 23 ′ - 114 ° 49 ′ E and 30 ° 56 ′ - 31 ° 35 ′ n, with a total area of 1796 square kilometers. The county is 100 kilometers away from Wuhan, the capital of Hubei Province.

topographic features

Hongan county is high in the north and low in the south, with an altitude of 200 meters. The northeast of the county is a mountainous area with a slope of 15 ° to 40 ° and the highest point is Laojun Mountain in the north of the county, with an altitude of 840.5 meters. The lowest part of the county is dujiawan on the Bank of doushui river at the junction of Taipingqiao town in the South and Xinzhou County, with an altitude of only 30 meters. There are many hills in the south of Hong'an County, with a slope of 5-20 degrees. There are few river valleys and plains in the county, and it is half mountain and half hill area. The mountains belong to the branches of Dabie Mountains, which strike from north to South and distribute in the East, West and North. Laojun Mountain is the highest, followed by Tiantai Mountain, with an altitude of 817 meters.

climatic conditions

Hongan county has a subtropical climate. The annual average temperature is 15.7 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 41.5 ℃, and the extreme minimum temperature is - 14.5 ℃ (January 31, 1969). The average frost free period is 236.4 days; sunshine rainfall: the average annual total sunshine is 1998.8 hours, accounting for 45% of the sunshine hours. The average annual rainfall is 1116.2mm, and the summer rainfall accounts for half of the total annual rainfall. The annual average snowfall day is 8.3 days. The annual average relative humidity is 77%. The main wind direction is northerly, and the annual average wind force is 3.

Water system hydrology

There are 100 rivers in Hongan County, with a total length of 817.7 km, which are intermittent rivers in hilly areas. The main rivers are backwater, backwater and lifting water. Daoshui runs through the middle of the county from north to south, and Hongan county is divided into two natural areas: daoshui East and daoshui West. It is 102.8 km long and has a drainage area of 1353.3 square kilometers. Jishui is located in the west of the county, with a flow length of 27.9 kilometers and a drainage area of 306.7 square kilometers. Water lifting is in the southeast of the county, with a flow length of 5.9 kilometers and a drainage area of 136 square kilometers.

natural resources

water resource

Hongan county has 140 large, medium and small reservoirs, including 2 large reservoirs, 4 medium reservoirs, 23 small (I) reservoirs and 111 small (II) reservoirs. The total storage capacity is 620 million cubic meters, the effective storage capacity is 400 million cubic meters, and the designed irrigation area is 487700 mu.

land resource

The total land area of Hongan county is 179752.91 hectares, accounting for 0.97% of the total area of the whole province. The total agricultural land area is 153036.81 hectares, including 45867.51 hectares of cultivated land, accounting for 25.517% of the total land area, 18698.06 hectares of garden land, accounting for 10.402% of the total land area; 72254.82 hectares of forest land, accounting for 40.197% of the total land area, accounting for the largest proportion; 3427.68 hectares of pasture land, accounting for 1.907% of the total land area The water area is 15070.11 hectares, accounting for 8.384% of the total land area, and the construction land is 8406.61 hectares, including 8629.26 hectares of urban and independent industrial and mining land, accounting for 4.807% of the total land area, 1640.19 hectares of traffic land, accounting for 0.913% of the total land area, and 2291.12 hectares of water conservancy facilities, accounting for 1.277% of the total land area. The unused land is 14387.92 hectares, accounting for 8.004% of the total land area, constituting the land use pattern of "half mountain, half field, one road and home".

mineral resources

A total of 56 ore deposits and mineralization points have been found in Hong'an County, including 21 exploitable mineral deposits. Mainly fluorite, marble, serpentine, granite, silica, barite, rutile, quartz and so on.

Fluorite, which contains 65-90% calcium fluoride and ranks first in China, has won the quality award of Hubei Province and Ministry of metallurgy.

Marble has a reserve of 166 million tons, of which 70% can be processed into luxurious malachite green plate.

Granite, with a reserve of over 100 million tons, is gray and black in color.

Biological resources

There are 267 species of woody plants in 80 families, 115 genera and 150 species of herbaceous plants in Hongan county. There are mainly timber tree species, economic tree species, landscaping tree species, bamboo, Chinese herbal medicine, forage, etc., the dominant tree species are pine, fir, mule, etc.; Chinese herbal medicine is rich in Platycodon grandiflorum, honeysuckle, xiakuqiu, Atractylodes macrocephala, etc.

There are 49 families and 99 species of wild animals (including rare northern leopard, northern fox, wild boar, Bungarus multicinctus, etc.); there are 8 orders, 12 families and 48 species of fish in China, of which 31 species are mainly Cypriniformes and Cyprinidae. The common small aquatic products are turtles, turtles, crabs, shrimps, Monopterus albus, loach, Anodonta dorsalis, snails, and so on. Aquatic economic plants are lotus root, water chestnut, water chestnut, cattail and so on.

population

By the end of 2017, the resident population of Hong'an county was 609 thousand and 200, an increase of 1 thousand and 800 persons compared with the end of last year. The total number of households at the end of the year was 216 thousand and 900, registered residence population was 653 thousand and 600, 7 thousand and 100 lower than the end of last year, 126 thousand and 700 urban residents, 8 thousand and 200 more than last year, and urbanization rate reaching 42.63%. There were 8780 people born in the whole year, with a birth rate of 14.41 ‰. With the full liberalization of the two-child policy, the birth rate increased by 2.50 ‰ compared with the same period last year; the death rate was 5.8 ‰ for 3537 people, and the natural population growth rate was 8.61 ‰. The sex ratio at birth was 109.30:100.

Economics

overview

In 2017, the GDP of Hong'an county was 15.381 billion yuan (current price), which was 7.7% higher than that of the previous year. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 2.737 billion yuan, an increase of 7.2%; the added value of the secondary industry was 7.374 billion yuan, an increase of 8.2%; the added value of the tertiary industry was 5.271 billion yuan, an increase of 8.7%. The ratio of three industrial structures was adjusted from 18.45:48.42:33.13 in 2016 to 17.79:47.94:34.27, and the proportion of three industries increased by 1.14 percentage points. The per capita GDP was 25323 yuan, an increase of 8.82%. At the end of the year, the total number of market entities in the county reached 42320, 3238 more than at the end of last year, an increase of 8.29%. Among them: 35575 individual businesses

Chinese PinYin : Hu Bei Sheng Huang Gang Shi Hong An Xian