Kangbao County, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province

Kangbao County Kangbao County belongs to Zhangjiakou City, located in the northwest of Hebei Province. It borders Taipusi Banner, Zhengxiangbai banner, Huade County and Shangdu County in the East, North and west of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and Zhangbei, Guyuan and Shangyi counties in the south. County wide 80 km, 62 km, a total area of 3365 square kilometers. Kangbao County governs 7 towns, 8 townships, 327 administrative villages and 585 natural villages. As of 2018, Kangbao County has a total population of 269600 and an agricultural population of 244000. The terrain inclines slowly from northeast to southwest, with hills in the north and East and wavy plains in the south, with an average altitude of 1450 meters.

Kangbao County is the hometown of Chinese folk culture and art and the hometown of Chinese Errentai art.

On February 29, 2020, Kangbao County withdrew from the sequence of poverty-stricken counties and officially lifted its hat.

Historical evolution

Paleolithic Period: about 10000 years ago, there were human activities, belonging to the late Paleolithic culture.

Ancient legend period: according to ancient books, ancient China was divided into Kyushu (non administrative division) region according to the general trend of mountains and rivers. Jizhou was the first of Kyushu, and the region was very broad. It is located north to the foot of the Yinshan Mountain outside the Great Wall. There is a branch of Yinshan Mountain in Kangbao County, so it belongs to Jizhou.

Xia (about 2070 BC to about 1600 BC) belongs to Jizhou.

Shang Dynasty (about 1600 BC to 1046 BC) belongs to Jizhou, which is a ghost activity area. Guifang was a nomadic tribe in the north in ancient times. From Shang and Zhou Dynasties to the spring and Autumn period, it had wars with some kingdoms in the Central Plains, but also had contacts and exchanged marriages. It was not recorded after Zhou Dynasty.

The Western Zhou Dynasty (1046 BC to 771 BC) is still Jizhou, is still the ghost activity area.

The spring and Autumn period (770 BC to 476 BC) was the activity area of Donghu and other nomadic tribes. Donghu was a powerful Northern Nationality in the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period. It was adjacent to the state of Yan in the south. It was broken by Qin Kai in 279 BC and retreated more than 1000 Li in the north. Later, the state of Yan built the Great Wall along the northern border and set up Shanggu county. It belongs to Kangbao region.

The Warring States period (475 B.C. - 221 B.C.) belonged to the northern part of Shanggu County in the state of Yan. In the late Warring States period, the Xiongnu marched eastward after defeating Donghu, and Kangbao was the nomadic area of Xiongnu.

Qin Dynasty (221 BC to 206 BC) was a nomadic land of Xiongnu.

The Western Han Dynasty (206 B.C. - 25 A.D.) belonged to Shanggu County of Youzhou. In the early Han Dynasty, Emperor Liu Bang failed in his Northern Expedition and was forced to make peace with the Xiongnu and divide the border, which was actually under the jurisdiction of Zuoxian king of the Xiongnu empire. When Emperor Wu attacked Xiongnu in the north, he broke it. Returning to Han Dynasty, it belongs to Shanggu County of Youzhou.

In the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 25 to ad 220), Shanggu county was in the north. In order to avoid the Xiongnu's killing strategy, Emperor Guangwu Liu Xiu abandoned nuqi county (now the diao'e area in the south of Chicheng County) in Shanggu County for more than 900 Li, including Kangbao area. More than 60000 officials and people moved to the east of Juyong and Hengshan. The Xiongnu Zuoxian King's Department was transferred to live in sainei. Kangbao County belongs to Xiongnu.

The northern part of the Three Kingdoms (220-265 A.D.) was the state of Wei founded by Cao Cao, which governed eleven states. Kangbao is located in the north of Youzhou (now Yanqing County, Beijing). Kangbao area is actually a place of ethnic activities and nomadic areas such as Wuhuan and Xianbei.

In the Western Jin Dynasty (265-317 A.D.), Kangbao area was the activity place and nomadic area of Tuoba Xianbei (Tuoba tribe of Xianbei nationality). Originally, it lived near Daxinganling in the current Heilongjiang and Nenjiang river basins and lived a nomadic life. After the northern Xiongnu was defeated and moved to the west, the Tuoba tribe gradually moved to the West and entered the original northern Xiongnu residence, namely Mobei area.

During the period of the Sixteen States of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (317-420 AD), when the Eastern Jin Dynasty was partial to the south of the Yangtze River, the North fell into a situation of long-term separatist regime. The Kangbao area belonged to the dynastic state founded by Xianbei tribe. In 407 A.D., it belonged to Shanggu County of Northern Wei Dynasty.

During the northern and Southern Dynasties (420-589 AD) and the early Northern Wei Dynasty, Pingcheng (today's Datong), the capital of Gongwei, was set up with six military strongholds along the northern border, which were called six towns. In the early period, the Kangbao area was the activity area of Gaoche and Dingling people, and then it was the defense area of Huaihuang town (now Zhangbei County) in the Northern Wei Dynasty. After the death of the Northern Wei Dynasty, Kangbao first belonged to Youzhou in the Eastern Wei Dynasty, and then to the north of Yanzhou in the Northern Qi Dynasty. After the third year of Tianbao in the Northern Qi Dynasty (552), it was the sphere of influence of the northern nomadic Turks.

The Sui Dynasty (581-518) was the active area of Turks.

Tang Dynasty (618-907 A.D.) belongs to the Turkic region, which belongs to the single Duhufu (one of the six important Duhufu established in the Tang Dynasty, which is an important organization to manage the northern frontier.) Sanggan Prefecture under its jurisdiction. After that, it was Shiwei, Qidan and other ethnic activity areas.

The Qidan activity area in the Five Dynasties and ten states (907-960 AD) was later the territory of Liao built by the Qidan people.

Liao Dynasty (907-1125 AD) was divided into Shangjing, Zhongjing, Nanjing, Xijing and Dongjing. Kangbao area is under the jurisdiction of Fengsheng Prefecture, Jingdao, western Liaoning Province, and is located in Yongxing (now Zhuolu county).

In the Jin Dynasty (1115-1234 A.D.), Jin inherited the Liao system and changed Xijing road to Xijing road. Kangbao was under the jurisdiction of Xijing Road, Huanzhou Weiyuan military Jiedushi (now Zhenglan Banner of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region) and Fuzhou Zhenning military Jiedushi (now Zhangbei County) on Xijing road. After 1211, it was Mongolia's sphere of influence.

In the Yuan Dynasty (1206-1368 AD), it belonged to Longxing Road, Zhongshu Province, Zhili. In October of the first year of Huangqing (1312 AD), it was changed to Xinghe road. The governance of the road was located in the plateau (now Zhangbei County), which was under the jurisdiction of Baochang Prefecture.

In the Yuan Dynasty, Mongolia was always regarded as a base and refused to give up. At this time, the grassland in northern Chahar was gradually developed.

Ming Dynasty (1368-1644 AD) was subordinate to the capital daningdusi. At the beginning, it was ruled by the kaipingwei Xinghe Shouyu qianhusuo (now zhangbeicheng). After the 20th year of Yongle (1422 AD), it was the pasture of Tatar tribes. In the Ming Dynasty, it was a nomadic land in Chahar of Mongolia. After 1633, it was the sphere of influence of the later Jin Dynasty.

Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) belongs to the North Road of Shengkou in Zhili. In July 1724, the director Tongzhi Department of Zhangjiakou was set up to deal with the negotiation and litigation between Han and Mongolian people. Guangxu seven years (1881) changed Zhangjiakou hall to Fumin Tongzhi, Kangbao region belongs to, for Xianghuang Banner pasture.

In the 28th year of Guangxu (1902), the Mongolian princes were officially allowed to set aside wasteland for reclamation. Since then, the Mongolian people have been willing to open their pastures automatically to attract the Han people. Corresponding to the Han nationality immigrants, Mongolian herdsmen moved northward, driving cattle and sheep to the uncultivated land.

In 1912, the first year of the Republic of China (1912-1949), the Qing Dynasty system was still followed, and it was governed by Koubei road of Zhili Province. The territory of Kangbao belonged to Zhangjiakou Hall of Koubei three halls (now Zhangbei County).

In April 1922, Zhangbei County and Shangdu county set up Kangbao County, set up a bureau of land reclamation, and settled in Kangbao town. The pastures of Kelong and Shangdu in malianqu, Zhangbei County, and the pastures of the four left banners and the east half banner of Zhengxiang Yellow Banner in the former Chahar area were assigned to the Kangbao Wuzhi Bureau.

On August 8, 1945, the Soviet Union declared war on Japan. On the 10th, the people's Republic of Mongolia declared war on Japan. On the 12th, general pleyev of the Soviet army commanded the Soviet and Mongolian allied forces to enter Chabei. On the 15th, the emperor of Japan announced his unconditional surrender. On August 22, Kangbao County was liberated for the first time, relieving the people's anxiety. Under the leadership of Fang Cheng and Wu Guangyi, Chabei cavalry detachment marched into Kangbao city. The Communist Party officially took over and established the people's Government of Kangbao County, which is now located in Kangbao town and belongs to the 19th special district of Jicha district.

After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, the organizational system of Chahar province was restored. In December 1945, Kangbao County was transferred to Chabei special area (the seventh special area) of Chahar province.

In September 1946, the Kuomintang broke faith, provoked the second civil war and launched a large-scale attack on the liberated areas occupied by the Communist Party. On November 12, the 14th column of Fu Zuoyi's department and the 1st Brigade of Qiwu brigade of KMT, as well as Cao Kai and song Dianyuan's teams occupied Kangbao County and ruled Kangbao County, which was subordinate to Chahar province of KMT.

In August 1947, Chahar province of the Communist Party of China was abolished, and Chabei district was incorporated into the administrative office of Jire Chahar, which was under the leadership of the Northeast Administrative Committee and under the jurisdiction of Kangbao County. In September, the CPC Chabei prefectural committee merged Kangbao, Shangdu and Huade into Shanghua Kanglian County, which is located in zhanggaiwan, Zhengxiang white banner.

In December 1948, after the famous Pingjin campaign, on the 26th, the Kuomintang Cao Kai regiment, Dong Shangqing regiment and song Dianyuan regiment fled after successive victories in the Chabei people's Liberation Army. On December 28, the 11th and 16th cavalry divisions of the Chinese people's Liberation Army, together with the Shanghua kanglianhe County military team, entered the city to occupy the important military and political organs and warehouses of the Kuomintang. Kangbao County was liberated for the second time and saved the people from suffering. From then on, the two sets of political power of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party came to an end.

On January 15, 1949, jirecha district and Beiyue District merged to form Chahar province. The people's Government of the county moved back to Kangbao Town, belonging to Chabei special district of Chahar province.

On November 15, 1952, according to the resolution of the 19th meeting of the Central People's Government Committee, Chahar province was abolished, and the former Chanan and Chabei districts were merged into Zhangjiakou District, which belonged to Kangbao County and belonged to Hebei Province.

On June 16, 1954, Kangbao County People's government was renamed Kangbao County People's Committee.

On November 29, 1958, Kangbao County was merged into Zhangbei County.

In May 1959, Zhangjiakou district was merged with Zhangjiakou City, known as Zhangjiakou City. Jurisdiction Zhangbei County, Kangbao district

Chinese PinYin : He Bei Sheng Zhang Jia Kou Shi Kang Bao Xian