Wuyuan County, Bayannaoer City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Wuyuan County Wuyuan County is located in the west of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, in the hinterland of Hetao Plain, under Bayannaoer City, adjacent to grassland Steel City Baotou in the East, coal capital Wuhai in the west, Ordos City across the Yellow River in the South and Yinshan Mountains in the north. Wuyuan County, with a total area of 2492 square kilometers, has jurisdiction over 7 towns and 117 administrative villages, with a total population of 300000. Longxingchang town is the seat of the county. The original history of the five ancient counties is more than 2400 years. In the Warring States period, it was located in the west of Jiuyuan County of Zhao state. In the second year of Yuanshuo, Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, Wuyuan County was established. In modern history, general Feng Yuxiang held the "Wuyuan oath" and made it through the annals of history; general Fu Zuoyi launched the "Wuyuan campaign" and became famous.

In March 2020, it won the title of national advanced county of village cleaning action, and was praised by the central agricultural office and the Ministry of agriculture and rural areas.

Historical evolution

The ancient place name Wuyuan originated from the Xia Dynasty. It is said that more than 4000 years ago, the world was flooded, and Dayu took the method of dredging to cure the flood. After the water situation declined, a number of mound like original places first appeared in Gaobu, of which five were larger. People built fields, built houses, multiplied, lived and cultivated on the original places. The appellation of Wuyuan started here.

Before the Warring States period, it is said that during the Tang, Yu and three dynasties, Wuyuan area was one of the places where the northern minorities flourished. Hetao area was under the jurisdiction of Guifang in Shang Dynasty. The Western Zhou Dynasty belonged to the pastoral areas of Kunyi, Xunqu and Yuyu nationalities. In the 16th year of King Nan of Zhou Dynasty (301 BC), King Wuling of Zhao set up Yunzhong county. Jiuyuan is a subordinate County of Yunzhong county. Wuyuan is the western region of Jiuyuan. Since then, Wuyuan has been subordinate to it. In order to consolidate the newly developed Xinjiang, King Zhao Wuling ordered officials to move to Jiuyuan in 298 BC, and implemented immigration and reclamation.

At the end of the Warring States period, when the feudal states of the Central Plains fought fiercely against each other and had no time to take care of the northern region, the Huns, who occupied the north and south of Yinshan, took the opportunity to go south and occupied Henan ("River" refers to the Yellow River, which was at the foot of Yinshan and the northern end of Hetao Plain. Gradually move to the current position).

After Qin unified the six states, in order to remove the threat of Xiongnu to the Qin Dynasty, in the 33rd year of the first emperor (214 BC), Meng Tian sent 300000 soldiers to attack Xiongnu in the north. After two years of war, he recovered "Henan area" and forced Xiongnu to retreat more than 700 Li to the north. From then on, "Hu people did not dare to go south to herd horses, and scholars did not dare to bow and complain.". In order to strengthen the border defense, Qin "because of the river for the plug, build 34 county." (another 44 counties). Divided into 36 counties, Jiuyuan was upgraded to Jiuyuan County, and the county was located in Wuyuan. Wuyuan is the west of Jiuyuan county. The Qin Dynasty also took the corresponding measures to consolidate the northern Xinjiang, such as building straight roads, building the Great Wall, and reclaiming the north. In 210 BC, the first emperor died, Zhao Gao killed Meng Tian, Chu and Han fought against each other, and the Central Plains was in chaos. Xiongnu took the opportunity to cross the Great Wall, crossed the river south, and occupied Hetao area and Yinshan area. Under the control of Maodun Danyu, Xiongnu's tribal Alliance became stronger. It destroyed Donghu in the East, merged Loufan, Baiyang and Yandai in the south, merged Dingling and Jiankun in the north, attacked Yueshi in the west, and conquered the western regions of Tarim Basin The States, which lived in the north of the Han Dynasty, controlled the whole Mongolian grassland. At this time, Hetao was the main activity area of Xiongnu.

During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Wei Qing was sent to fight back against the Xiongnu in order to completely remove the threat of the Xiongnu. In the second year of Yuanshuo (127 BC), he regained Henan. Because Jiuyuan county was the center of Xiongnu's southward movement, in order to strengthen the defense, Jiuyuan county was divided into two parts, the eastern area was renamed Wuyuan County, and the western area was renamed Shuofang county. Wuyuan County governs Jiuyuan county and leads to sixteen counties, namely: Jiuyuan, Guling and Wuyuan (these Wuyuan are not today's Wuyuan, but are located in the west of mengjialiang old city in Baotou. "Shuijing Zhu" records that "Jiuyuan county is connected to a city in the northwest and covers the old city of Wuyuan County", that is, the old city of hadmen in the west suburb of mengjialiang old city in Baotou). Linwo, Wenguo, Heyin, Puze, Nanxing, Wudu, Yiliang, manbai, Chengyi and Hegu Yang, Mo Heidan, Xi'an Yang, Hemu. Most of these counties are located on the platform on both sides of the eastern Yellow River. Shuofang County governs Shuofang county (in the North duguiwula township of Hangjin Banner, Yimeng County, on the South Bank of the Yellow River at xishanzui). It has ten leading counties, namely Shuofang, xiudu, Linhe, Huqiu, qusou, Woye, Guangmu, LINRONG, Sanfeng and yuhun. Except Sanfeng, LINRONG and yuhun in Xitao, most of these counties were set up on both sides of the Yellow River in the north of Ordos. Wuyuan belonged to the east of Linhe County in Shuofang county.

At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, after the fall of Wang Mang, the Xiongnu supported Lu Fang as emperor and occupied five counties, namely Wuyuan, Shuofang, Yunzhong, Dingxiang and Yanmen. As a result of the long-term war, the northern "border depression, all the remains, barrier damage, pavilion fall extinction."

In the 16th year of the reign of Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 41), the counties of Wuyuan and Shuofang were restored. In the 25th year of Jianwu (AD 49), the Xiongnu's internal strife was divided into two parts: the South and the north. Nandan Yufu was still in jusainei and lived in Hetao area at the southern foot of Yinshan Mountain. Nandan Yuting was built in Meiji of Ordos and ordered Zuoxian king tunshuofang. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the three kingdoms were at the same time. With the continuous southward development of Xiongnu and Xianbei, the Han Dynasty was unable to take care of the remote areas. In 215, Emperor Xian gave up Wuyuan, Shuofang and other counties along the border, and moved the people to Shanxi, where Xinxing County was set up to govern. Henceforth, Hetao area was the herding land of Huns.

During the Wei, Jin, and Northern and Southern Dynasties, the whole northern ethnic groups, including Xiongnu, Xianbei, Jie, Di, and Qiang, named Wuhu, lived in the great wall and migrated to the Yellow River Basin. They fought against each other. Hetao area was first occupied by Liu Hu and Liu Weichen, the former Xiongnu descendants of Zhao Dynasty. Then it was occupied by Tuoba family of Xianbei nationality, and later by Shihu of Jie nationality. Fujian of Di nationality in the former Qin Dynasty was occupied, and Yaoxing tribe of Qiang nationality was in the later Qin Dynasty. In 407, the second year of Yixi reign of emperor an of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Liu Wufu, a Xiongnu nationality, entered Hetao and Shaanxi to establish the Xia state, which was later led by helianheng, the capital of Wancheng (now the south of Wushen Banner in YIKEZHAO League). Since then, the Tuoba tribe of Xianbei nationality has become more and more powerful, moving southward from Daxinganling to daze, westward to Hetao area, and finally unifying the northern tribes. In the first year of Tianxing (398), the Northern Wei Dynasty was established. In order to defend against the invasion of Rouran nationality, the Northern Wei Dynasty established seven military towns in the northern part of the Great Wall. Hetao area is under the jurisdiction of Woye town. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Yellow River moved to the south, so it was renamed Wujia river. In the third year of emperor Xiaowu's Yongxi reign (534), the Northern Wei Dynasty was divided into the Eastern Wei Dynasty and the Western Wei Dynasty. They ruled for a short time and were soon replaced by the Northern Qi and the Northern Zhou. In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Yuwen's family set up Yinzhou and xiazhou, which led the whole territory of today's Hetao Ordos, and set up Yongfeng town (in today's Linhe county) in today's Hetao area of Bameng.

In 581 ad, Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty established the Sui Dynasty by compiling the Zhou Dynasty and destroying the Chen Dynasty. In the third year of Emperor Wen's reign, he abandoned the county and set up the state, which was originally Fengzhou. At the beginning of the state, it was not a county, but still called Yongfeng town. In the sixth year, Fengan town was set up 40 Li southeast of the state, under which Wuyuan belonged. In the third year of Daye (607), Emperor Yangdi of Sui Dynasty changed the state into a county. Wuyuan County was originally located in the old city of Tucheng in the South and west of the city. Later, because of the war, it was difficult to keep close to the border, so it was abandoned soon.

In the early Tang Dynasty, the Turks were once again strong and powerful, and "controlling the strings for millions" was originally occupied by Turks. In 630 of the fourth year of Zhenguan in Tang Dynasty, Li Jing and Xu were ordered to divide the road into northern expedition and drive Turks to the north of Chaohai. The Tang Dynasty divided the whole country into ten roads, 293 prefectures and five prefectures, which were originally under the jurisdiction of Daofeng Prefecture in Guannei. In the middle of Tang Dynasty, six capitals were set up along the border to govern the ethnic minorities. In the 21st year of Zhenguan (647), Yanran Duhufu was set up in the western part of Inner Mongolia. It has jurisdiction over 27 Langshan Jimi prefectures, and Hetao Prefecture belongs to Fengzhou dudufu. During the Yonghui reign of Emperor Gaozong (650), Yongfeng and Jiuyuan counties were established in Hetao area, and then Fengan county was added. During the reign of Empress Wu Zetian, Moso Khan, a Turk, invaded the border year after year. In the second year of Jinglong (708), Zhang Renyuan served as the chief manager of Shuofang. When Moso Khan sent troops to Xinjiang, he took advantage of the opportunity to seize Henan and built garrison castles on the North Bank of the Yellow River. After the Mid Tang Dynasty, Wuyuan was under the jurisdiction of xishoujiang city (now beifubulong ancient city, Wujiahe Town, Wulate Middle Banner). Later, it was changed into a fixed military system, and the Prefecture was led by the governor and governor, and Wuyuan was subordinate to the governor and governor of Tiande army and the governor of Anbei capital. At the end of Tang Dynasty, Tuoba tribe of Dangxiang nationality (a branch of Qiang nationality) took advantage of the successive wars between Song Dynasty and Liao Dynasty to expand its power and occupied five prefectures of Yin, Xia, Sui, you and Jing (now northwest Shaanxi, Eastern Ningxia, Hetao, YIKEZHAO and Alashan in Inner Mongolia), becoming a great power in Northwest China during the Five Dynasties. In 1038 ad, Yuanhao became emperor and established Daxia (also known as Xixia), with the capital of Xingqing prefecture (now Yinchuan City in Ningxia), which lasted for 194 years. In the Five Dynasties and the song, Liao, Jin and Xia dynasties, Wuyuan was the territory of Xixia.

Since the 12th century, Mongolian tribes nomadic in the northern grasslands have become increasingly powerful. After ten years of war, timuzhen (Genghis Khan) destroyed the summer in 1227. In 1260, Kublai Khan, the grandson of Genghis Khan, succeeded to the throne. In 1271, he officially designated the country as yuan, with the capital of Yanjing (now Beijing). In the Yuan Dynasty, the provincial system was implemented, with roads and prefectures under the province.

During the 270 years of the Ming Dynasty, the northern Mongolian grassland was plagued by wars, and the feudal lords of Mongolia fought for each other. In the early Ming Dynasty, taonei was occupied by the general of Yuan Dynasty. In the middle of Hongwu Period, Wang Baobao was expelled and took over his land. At the end of Hongwu Period, he Tao in the west of Ba League was under the jurisdiction of Ningxia and under the command of Shaanxi. After the middle of Ming Dynasty, Hetao was ruled by the descendants of Dayan Khan of Yuan origin. Tianshun and Hongzhi were occupied by the Mongols, such as arochu, maolihai and manduhu. In the fourth year of Chenghua (1468), aro was killed by his party, gaslan

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