Huairou District, Beijing Municipality

Huairou District Huairou district is under the jurisdiction of Beijing Municipality, located at the south foot of Yanshan Mountain and in the northeast of Beijing. It is adjacent to Miyun District in the East, Shunyi District and Changping District in the south, Yanqing District in the West and Chicheng County, Fengning Manchu Autonomous County and Luanping county in Hebei Province in the north. The urban area is 50 kilometers away from Dongzhimen of Beijing, with a total area of 2122.8 square kilometers. The 2014 APEC meeting was held in Yanqi lake, Huairou District. National Health City (District).

There are 17 rivers above grade 4 and 16 large, medium and small reservoirs in the area. The five towns in the north are the main water sources of Miyun reservoir.

On December 31, 2019, it will be selected as a typical county of rural innovation and entrepreneurship in China. By the end of 2019, there will be 422000 permanent residents in Huairou. On October 9, 2020, it was named as the fourth batch of practice and innovation bases of "green water and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains" by the Ministry of ecological environment; on October 20, it was selected into the list of national double support model cities (counties).

Historical evolution

Huairou district comes from "Huairou baishen" in the book of songs · Zhou Song · shimai, which means to appease. Huairou County was established in Zhenguan period of Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty.

Huairou has a long history. As early as 1300 years ago, the Tang Dynasty had the name of "Huairou". The jurisdiction of Huairou County set up in the Ming Dynasty in 1368 is basically the same as that of today's Huairou District. In ancient Chinese, "Huai" means to come, "Rou" means to appease. The two words "Huairou" are put together, that is, to govern by virtue, to unite the nationalities, and to develop in harmony.

In history, Huairou is one of the areas where ancient human activities took place. Archaeologists found Paleolithic and Neolithic relics in many places in Huairou District.

In Shang Dynasty, Huairou belonged to the state of yanbofang, and in Western Zhou Dynasty, it belonged to the territory of Yandi.

During the Warring States period, the state of Yan set up Yuyang County in liyuanzhuang, Beifang Town, Huairou County.

In 221 B.C. (the 26th year of the first emperor of Qin Dynasty), the first emperor of Qin destroyed six countries and divided the world into 36 counties. Today, Yuyang county is still set up in liyuanzhuang city of Huairou, under which Yuyang county is set up. The county government is also located in liyuanzhuang area. The two Han Dynasties are the same.

In the Western Han Dynasty, Yuyang played an important role in economic, military and ethnic exchanges.

In the middle of the Western Han Dynasty, the Han Dynasty set up iron officials in Yuyang to smelt agricultural utensils, weapons and make five baht coins. It also kept fighting with ethnic minorities in the area of Yuyang and sent heavy troops to garrison.

Yuyang area has been in the front line of confrontation between ethnic minorities and Han nationality for a long time, which has also played a positive role in the cultural exchange and ethnic integration of all ethnic groups.

In 9 A.D. (the first year of Wang Mang's founding), Wang Mang restructured, Yuyang county changed into Tongdao County, Yuyang county changed into Deyu County, and now Huairou belongs to Deyu county.

In the 25th year of the Eastern Han Dynasty (the first year of Emperor Guangwu's founding), Liu Xiu, with the support of Peng Chong, the powerful Yuyang prefect at that time, pacified the northern military forces and established the Eastern Han Dynasty. Tongdao County is called Yuyang County, Deyu county is called Yuyang county.

In the Han Dynasty, there were salt officials and iron officials in Yuyang.

After the Wei Dynasty, the strategic position of Yuyang County gradually declined, the Western Jin Dynasty officially abolished the Yuyang system, and Huairou belonged to the scope of Yan state.

In the Sixteen Kingdoms period, although the name of Yuyang county was restored, it was moved to Wuqing and Sanhe successively. In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, it has been moved to Jixian County in Tianjin. Yuyang in Huairou no longer exists.

From Sui, Tang to the end of Yuan Dynasty, Huairou had not formed an independent system. Huairou County established in Tang Dynasty is now Shunyi district.

In 1368 (the first year of Hongwu), Huairou County entered Tanzhou in November, and in December, Miyun and Changping counties were restored.

Huairou County, belonging to Beiping Prefecture, is the beginning of Huairou County.

In 1403 (the first year of Yongle), Beiping Prefecture was changed into Shuntian Prefecture, which belonged to Huairou County.

In 1506 (the first year of Zhengde), Huairou was designated as a county of Changping Prefecture in July.

In 1568 (the second year of Longqing), Qi Jiguang was transferred to the north. Premier Ji, Chang, Liao and Bao trained troops and began to rebuild the Great Wall in Huairou.

In 1644 (the first year of Shunzhi), shuntianfu was still set up in the early Qing Dynasty, Huairou County was one of the counties.

In 1669 (the eighth year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi), the two roads of Bayi and Changping merged into Bachang Road, which was subordinate to Huairou County.

In 1688 (the 27th year of Kangxi), Pengcheng, Yongqing and Jinwu were merged into Huairou County.

In 1728 (the sixth year of Yongzheng), Huairou County was changed from Changping Prefecture of shuntianfu to shuntianfu.

In 1732 (the 10th year of Yongzheng), Huairou road was changed into the capital.

In 1906 (the 32nd year of Guangxu), Huairou County set up an autonomous Preparatory Committee.

On January 1, 1912 (the first year of the Republic of China), the Republic of China was founded. Shuntianfu was still set up, and Huairou was one of the counties.

In October 1914 (the third year of the Republic of China), shuntianfu was abolished and renamed Jingzhao Prefecture, which governs 20 counties including Huairou.

In 1928 (17 years of the Republic of China), the Daos and Jingzhao were abolished and Zhili Province was changed into Hebei Province. Huairou and other 139 counties belonged to Hebei Province. The county office was renamed county government, and the county magistrate was renamed county magistrate.

In April 1938 (27 years of the Republic of China), Huairou County was classified as the puppet Jidong road. The county government was renamed "County Office", the pseudo county magistrate was renamed "magistrate", and the Japanese consultant was renamed liaison officer.

In July 1940 (29 years of the Republic of China), Yanjing road in Hebei Province was established by the Japanese puppets, which governed 15 counties including Huairou.

In March 1941 (30 years of the Republic of China), the first, fourth and ninth districts of fengluanmi Union County were divided into a central district (most of them are in today's Huairou County). In April, the central area was converted into luanchanghuai office. In June, the office was transformed into the office of huaizuo County, LuanChang.

In January 1942 (31 years of the Republic of China), luanchanghuai County Office was rebuilt into luanchanghuai United county.

In January 1944, LuanChang huaishun United county was founded

In January 1945, LuanChang huaishun United county was abolished and huaishun United county was established. In September, huaishun county was abolished and Huairou County was established independently. In October, xilanping county was established, and LIULIMIAO, qifengcha, Tanghekou, Baoshan Temple, changshaoying, Labagoumen and other places were designated as xilanping county.

In May 1946 (the 35th year of the Republic of China), the administrative committee of Shanxi Chahar Hebei border region decided that Huairou and Shunyi counties should be under the leadership of the 12th Special Region of Chahar province.

At the beginning of January 1947 (36 years of the Republic of China), Sihai county was established, and the county was divided into six districts (three of which are in Huairou County).

In that year, 127 out of 220 villages in the county had carried out land reform, and 110000 mu of land had been allocated to poor farmers.

On December 6, 1948, Huairou County was liberated.

In January 1949, the people's Government of Huairou County moved from the countryside to the county. Huairou County originally belongs to Pingbei Area, but now belongs to Jicha area. In April, Huairou County was changed from Jicha area to Nankou area of Chahar province. On August 25, Huairou County was transferred from Nankou District of Chahar province to Tongxian District of Hebei Province.

On December 30, 2001, the State Council approved the withdrawal of Huairou County into districts.

On February 7, 2002, the Beijing Municipal People's Government (jingzhengfa No. 6) replied that Huairou County was abolished and Huairou District was established with the approval of the State Council. The former administrative region of Huairou County is the administrative region of Huairou District. Huairou District People's government is located in Fuqian street, Huairou town. Two sub district offices, Quanhe and Longshan, were set up in Huairou Town, while the organizational system and administrative divisions of other towns remained unchanged. On April 16, 2002, Huairou District was officially listed.

administrative division

12 towns: Huairou Town, Yanqi Town, Beifang Town, Yangsong Town, Miaocheng Town, Qiaozi Town, Huaibei Town, Tanghekou Town, Bohai Town, Jiuduhe Town, LIULIMIAO Town, Baoshan town.

Two townships: changshaoying Manchu Township and Labagoumen Manchu Township.

2 sub district offices: Quanhe sub district, Longshan sub district.

There are 35 communities and 283 administrative villages.

geographical environment

Location context

Huairou District, one of the suburban counties in Beijing, is located in the northeast of the city, between 116 ° 17 ′ - 116 ° 63 ′ E and 40 ° 41 ′ - 41 ° 4 ′ n. The city is 50 kilometers away from Dongzhimen of Beijing. The total area of the region is 2123 square kilometers. Huairou district is adjacent to Shunyi District of Beijing in the south, Changping District of Beijing in the southwest, Yanqing County of Beijing in the west, Miyun County of Beijing in the East, and Chicheng County, Fengning County and Luanping county of Hebei Province in the northwest to the northeast.

climate

Huairou District belongs to warm temperate semi humid climate, with four distinct seasons, hot and rainy at the same time, humid in summer, cold and less snow in winter. The annual sunshine hours are about 2800 hours, the annual average temperature is 9-13 ℃, the frost free period is about 170-200 days, and the annual average precipitation is 600-700 mm, mainly concentrated in June to August.

landforms

Huairou is mountainous. During the Hongzhi period of the Ming Dynasty, Xie Qian, a bachelor, once said, "Huairou is the capital of Huairou. The mountainous area accounts for 89% of the total area. Among the rolling mountains in the territory, there are 500 famous peaks, and 24 above 1000 meters above sea level. Heituo mountain, a famous high mountain in North Beijing, is 1533.9 meters above sea level. Located in Labagoumen Manchu Township, nanhouding mountain is 1705 meters above sea level, the highest peak in the region. These vast and continuous mountains are the great green wall and natural barrier of Beijing.

hydrology

In the area, there are not only vast mountains, but also many rivers and springs with abundant water sources and excellent water quality. There are 17 rivers above grade 4 in the region, including Baihe River, Tanghe River, Tianhe River, Liuli River, Huaisha River, huaijiu River, Yanqi River and Bailang river. There are 774 mountain springs, including 261 mountain springs with stable inflow, such as pearl spring, lotus spring and Longtan spring. Day and night, the continuous stream and spring flow to the southeast of Beijing suburbs, forming a vast alluvial fan plain with other water systems in Beijing suburbs.

natural resources

With the famous Great Wall

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