Wuzhong City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

Wuzhong City is located in the middle of Ningxia. It used to be the residence of gulingzhou city and Jinji county. It is located in the hinterland of Ningxia plain. The terrain is high in the South and low in the north. It belongs to the arid and semi-arid climate area in the middle temperate zone. With a total area of 21400 square kilometers, Wuzhong City has jurisdiction over two districts, one city and two counties. By the end of 2018, the total resident population of Wuzhong City was 1415400, an increase of 11600 or 0.83% over the end of last year. According to the public security annual report, the registered residence population is 1 million 437 thousand and 800 at the end of the year.

Wuzhong City has been an important channel of the Silk Road since ancient times, an important node city of the new Silk Road Economic Belt, and a regional commercial city along the new Eurasian Continental Bridge. With dense road network and convenient transportation, four railways and five expressways run through the city. Wuzhong Zhongwei intercity railway and Wuzhong hub station of Yinxi high-speed railway are under construction, 40 km away from Yinchuan Hedong airport. Haba Lake, Luoshan National Nature Reserve, Yellow River Grand Canyon, bird island in reservoir area, Chinese Yellow River altar, Yellow River Tower and other scenic spots are unique.

In 2018, Wuzhong achieved a GDP of 53.45 billion yuan, an increase of 6.6% over the previous year at comparable prices. On October 9, 2020, it was awarded the title of the fourth batch of national ecological civilization construction demonstration cities and counties by the Ministry of ecological environment. In October 2020, it was rated as the national model city (county) of double support.

Historical evolution

As early as 30000 years ago in the Paleolithic age, there were human beings in Wuzhong, where the ancient nomadic peoples such as Qiang, Rong and Xiongnu once herded water and grass, cattle and sheep.

In the 33rd year of the first emperor of Qin Dynasty (214 BC), 34 counties were built along the river, including Fuping County, which is the oldest city in Ningxia plain. The former site is in the southwest of Wuzhong City.

In 191 B.C., Emperor Huidi of the Western Han Dynasty set up Lingzhou County in hezhizhou. It is located in the ancient city of Wuzhong City in Ningxia. It is the earliest ancient city in Ningxia history with exact setting date.

In the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was changed to Lingzhou county.

In the Northern Wei Dynasty, it was the town of Bo Gu Lu, and later the Lingzhou.

The Sui and Tang dynasties also known as Lingzhou, also known as Lingwu County, referred to as Lingwu.

In the 20th year of Zhenguan (646), Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty came to Lingzhou (now Wuzhong) to accept alien affiliation. During the "an Shi rebellion", Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty fled to Sichuan, and Prince Li Heng ascended the throne in Lingwu (now Wuzhong), which became the national political and military center.

In Xixia, the hinterland of Yuanhao, the leader of Dangxiang nationality and the emperor of Xixia, was in Wuzhong area.

Genghis Khan destroyed Xixia and set up Ningxia road.

In the Qing Dynasty, ningshuo county was set up, and xiaobabao was governed by the County Department; Pingyuan county was set up, and Xiamaguan was governed by the County Department.

In 1913, Yanchi County was established under the jurisdiction of shuofangdao.

In September 1949, the whole territory of Wuzhong was liberated and wuzhongbao city was established, which was directly under the jurisdiction of Ningxia Province; in November, it was reduced to Wuzhong Town, which was under the jurisdiction of Lingwu county.

In October 1950, Wuzhong town was officially changed into Wuzhong City, which was directly under the central government of Ningxia Province.

In April 1954, the Hedong Hui Autonomous Region of Ningxia Province was established, with jurisdiction over Jinji, Lingwu, Wuzhong and Tongxin counties and cities (in April 1955, it took charge of Yanchi County and officially took charge in December 1955), and worked together with Wuzhong Municipal People's government. In September, the establishment of Ningxia Province was abolished, and Hedong Hui Autonomous Region was subordinate to Gansu Province.

On February 1, 1955, the people's Government of Hedong Hui Autonomous Region and the people's Government of Wuzhong City worked as branch offices. On April 28, Hedong Hui Autonomous Region was renamed Wuzhong Hui Autonomous Prefecture.

On October 25, 1958, the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region was established, the Autonomous Prefecture was abolished, and Wuzhong City was directly under the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.

From April 1953 to October 1958, Wuzhong Hui Autonomous Prefecture was established, with jurisdiction over Wuzhong, Jinji, Lingwu, Tongxin and Yanchi.

In 1960, Jinji county was abolished and ningshuo county was renamed Qingtongxia City.

In 1963, Wuzhong City and Qingtongxia City were abolished, and Wuzhong county and Qingtongxia county were established.

On February 23, 1972, the State Council approved the establishment of the Yinnan regional Revolutionary Committee.

In April 1973, Yinnan administrative office was established as an agency of the autonomous region.

In 1984, Wuzhong county and Qingtongxia county were abolished and Wuzhong City and Qingtongxia City were restored.

In May 1998, Yinnan district and Wuzhong City at county level were abolished and Wuzhong City at prefecture level was established. Wuzhong City at county level was renamed Litong District. Prefecture level cities have jurisdiction over Litong District, Qingtongxia City, Lingwu City, Zhongwei County, Zhongning County, Yanchi County and Tongxin county.

On September 5, 1998, the county-level Hongsipu development zone was established.

In October 2002, Lingwu City was entrusted to Yinchuan city.

In December 2003, Zhongwei county and Zhongning county were assigned to the newly established prefecture level Zhongwei city.

In October 2009, Hongsibao development zone was divided into districts. In the same month, Litong District Office.

administrative division

By the end of 2018, Wuzhong had jurisdiction over 5 counties (cities and districts), 29 towns, 15 townships and 3 sub district offices, 70 urban communities and 511 administrative villages, including Litong District, Hongsibao District, Qingtongxia City, Yanchi County and Tongxin county. The Municipal People's government is located in Litong District.

geographical environment

Location context

Wuzhong City is located in the middle of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. Its geographical coordinates are 105 ° 17 ′～ 107 ° 47 ′ E and 36 ° 34 ′～ 38 ° 15 ′ n. It is adjacent to Ordos City in Inner Mongolia, Yulin region in Shaanxi Province and Qingyang region in Gansu Province in the East, Guyuan City in the south, Zhongwei city and Alxa League in Inner Mongolia in the West and Yinchuan City in Ningxia Province in the north. The distance is only 60 km. It is 40 kilometers away from Hedong airport and 15 kilometers away from Qingtongxia railway station. It covers an area of 21400 square kilometers, accounting for 31.17% of the total area of the autonomous region.

topographic features

Wuzhong City is long from east to west and narrow from south to north. The widest part is 297 km from east to west, and the longest part is 200 km from north to south. The terrain is high in the South and low in the north. The north of Wuzhong City is the Yellow River alluvial plain. The east of Wuzhong City is Ordos platform, and the northeast is Maowusu Desert. The southern part of the city is the connecting zone between the western part of Ordos Plateau and the northern part of Loess Plateau, and the southeast part is loess hills, surrounded by mountains and ravines. In the west of the city, Helan mountain runs vertically and Niushou mountain lies horizontally, forming a stepped distribution from south to northeast and from high to low. The landform is mountainous, low hilly, gentle slope hilly, alluvial fan zone, Yellow River alluvial plain and reservoir area. The average altitude of Sichuan area is 1200 meters, and that of mountainous area is 1300-1900 meters.

climate

Wuzhong City is located in the northwest inland, belongs to the mid temperate arid and semi-arid climate area, with obvious continental characteristics: four distinct seasons, dry climate, strong evaporation, concentrated precipitation, good atmospheric transparency, less cloud, sufficient sunshine, rich heat, large temperature difference, short frost free period, more sand. Spring is from March to may, summer is from June to August, autumn is from September to November, winter is from December to February. The annual average temperature is 9.3 ℃. The annual average precipitation is 184.6-273.5 mm, and the annual average number of rainfall days is 46.5 days. The rainfall is concentrated from July to August every year, and August is the most. The annual total solar radiation is about 148.1 kcal / cm2.

hydrology

The main stream of the Yellow River flows through Wuzhong for 69 kilometers. There are 42 Shanhong gullies and 13 reservoirs with a catchment area of more than 50 square kilometers, such as Kushui River, Qingshui River and Tianshui river. Wuzhong City has 9 water systems (Yellow River, QinQu, Qingshuigou, Qingning River, Nanhuan water system, Huinong River, Hanyan River, Daqing River and Luojiahe River), with a total length of 57.9 km, including 42.2 km of Chengdong water system and 15 lakes; 15.7 km of Chengxi water system and 17 lakes. The total area is 19600 mu.

natural resources

water resource

The water resources of Wuzhong city mainly come from precipitation and the water from the Yellow River, the Southern Hills mainly come from precipitation, and the irrigation area mainly comes from the supply of passenger water. In 2014, the total water intake of Wuzhong City was 1.927.5 billion cubic meters (93.3 million cubic meters of groundwater), including agricultural water intake of 1.810 billion cubic meters (19.8 million cubic meters of groundwater), industrial water intake of 79.5 billion cubic meters (42.1 million cubic meters of groundwater), urban domestic water intake of 17.9 billion cubic meters (16.1 million cubic meters of groundwater), and rural water intake of 20.1 billion cubic meters (20.1 million cubic meters of land) 15.3 million cubic meters). The total water consumption is 1124.4 million cubic meters (49.3 million cubic meters of groundwater), including agricultural water consumption of 1056.8 million cubic meters (15.2 million cubic meters of groundwater), industrial water consumption of 39.2 million cubic meters (14 million cubic meters of groundwater), urban domestic water consumption of 05.3 million cubic meters (04.8 million cubic meters of groundwater), and rural human and livestock water consumption of 201 million cubic meters (15.3 million cubic meters of groundwater) M).

mineral resources

Wuzhong's mineral resources mainly include more than 30 kinds of mineral resources, such as oil, coal, ore and natural gas. Among them, 37 million tons of oil reserves and 800 billion cubic meters of natural gas reserves are the core parts of Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia oilfield. The reserves of coal, limestone and dolomite are 6.47 billion tons, 4.9 billion tons and 2.369 billion tons respectively. Hydropower and thermal power resources are rich, and the total installed capacity accounts for 54% of the whole Ningxia. It is an important energy base in Ningxia.

plant resources

The common forage plants in Wuzhong include Bromus inermis, Elymus nutans, cryptospermum, solitary grass, Kentucky bluegrass, Celosia nutans, Mongolian water grass, thrush grass, Stipa Gobi, Stipa breviflora, Miscanthus elongatus, Pennisetum, Pennisetum, white grass of Central Asia, barnyardgrass, larch, Digitaria Sanguinalis, etc.; legumes include Medicago ruthenica, Oxytropis glabrata, Oxytropis glabrata, Oxytropis Lespedeza bicolor, Lespedeza bicolor, Lespedeza polycolor, Oxytropis sazhenensis

Chinese PinYin : Ning Xia Hui Zu Zi Zhi Qu Wu Zhong Shi