Jinchang City, Gansu Province

Jinchang Jinchang is a prefecture level city under the jurisdiction of Gansu Province, an important node city of the ancient Silk Road, and one of the major cities in the Hexi corridor. It is known as the "nickel capital of the motherland" for its rich nickel production. By 2019, it has jurisdiction over one district and one county, covering a total area of 9593 square kilometers, with a permanent resident population of 470100 and an urban population of 314600.

Jinchang is located in Northwest China, the middle part of Hexi Corridor in Gansu Province and the north foot of Qilian Mountain. It is connected with Minqin County of Wuwei City in the north and East, Liangzhou District of Wuwei City in the southeast, Sunan Yugur Autonomous County in the south, Menyuan Hui Autonomous County of Qinghai Province in the southwest, Shandan County and Minle County of Zhangye City in the west, and Alxa Right Banner of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in the northwest.

In 1981, it was established as a city, which was named Jinchang because of Jinchuan district and Yongchang County. In 2011, it was rated as the National Health City, and in January 2014, the Ministry of urban rural development named it as the national garden city. In 2015, it was rated as a national civilized city. The first batch of national new urbanization comprehensive pilot areas. In October 2020, it was rated as the national model city (county) of double support.

Historical evolution

In the primitive clan society more than 4000 years ago, Jinchang had already been inhabited by human beings.

During the Shang and Zhou dynasties, it was a pasture for Xirong.

From the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period to the Qin Dynasty, the Yue clan lived here.

In the early Han Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of King XiuTu of Xiongnu.

Since Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty, Luanyao, Fanhe, Liluo, XianMei, Yanzhi and other counties have been established successively.

Yongchang Road was set up in Yuan Dynasty.

Yongchangwei was set up in Ming Dynasty.

It was changed to Yongchang County in Qing Dynasty.

On November 18, 1936, the West Route Army of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army entered Yongchang. On December 5, there were only 23 days left for the establishment of the Chinese Soviet Yongchang district government.

On September 19, 1949, the Chinese people's Liberation Army liberated Yongchang. On September 23, the people's Government of Yongchang County was established, which is subordinate to the office of Wuwei commissioner.

It was changed to Yongchang County People's Committee in April 1955.

In March 1956, it was under the leadership of Zhangye Commissioner's office. In December 1961, it was under the leadership of Wuwei Commissioner's office.

On May 7, 1968, Yongchang County Revolutionary Committee was established, which is subordinate to Wuwei regional Revolutionary Committee.

In December 1980, the people's Government of Yongchang County was restored under the jurisdiction of Wuwei district administrative office.

In May 1962, Jinchuan town was established.

In 1981, the administrative region of Jinchang city was divided into urban area and Yongchang County. The urban area has jurisdiction over Jinchuan town (including 4 sub district offices) and Shuangwan and ningyuanbao people's communes; Yongchang County has jurisdiction over Chengguan town and 10 people's communes including Hexibao, beihaizi, jiaojiazhuang, Hongshanyao, Xinchengzi, zhuwangbao, Shuiyuan, Nanba, Liuba and Dongzhai. On October 1, Wuwei District transferred Yongchang County to Jinchang city. In 1983, the government and society were separated.

In May 1982, Jinchuan Working Committee was set up in the urban area to manage one town and two communes. In June 1983, Jinchuan Working Committee and Jinchuan town were abolished, Jinchuan District Office and CPC Jinchuan District Working Committee were set up, and Hexibao town was set up in Hexibao industrial area of Yongchang County.

On August 27, 1982, the first session of the first people's Congress of Jinchang city was held and the people's Government of Jinchang city was elected. Jinchuan District, ningyuanbao and Shuangwan people's communes of Jinchuan town of Yongchang County are divided into administrative areas of Jinchang City, and Yongchang County under the jurisdiction of Wuwei district is under the leadership of Jinchang city. Jinchang city is under the direct leadership of the province, and the Municipal People's government is stationed in Jinchuan.

In December 1984, the provincial people's Government approved the establishment of Jinchuan district.

In June 1985, the Jinchuan District Office was abolished and the people's Government of Jinchuan district was established. In December, the first session of the first people's Congress of Jinchuan district was held to establish the people's Government of Jinchuan district. In the same year, Hexibao township was abolished and its administrative region was merged into Hexibao town. At the same time, Xinchengzi and zhuwangbao were set up towns.

By the end of 2005, Jinchang city had jurisdiction over one district and one county.

administrative division

As of October 2018, Jinchang city has jurisdiction over one district of Jinchuan district and one county of Yongchang County.

Resident of Municipal People's Government: 82 Xinhua Road, Jinchuan district.

geographical environment

Location context

Jinchang city is located in 101 ° 04 ′ 35 ″ - 102 ° 43 ′ 40 ″ e, 37 ° 47 ′ 10 ″ - 39 ° 00 ′ 30 ″ n, east section of Hexi Corridor, north foot of Qilian Mountain and south edge of Alxa platform.

It is connected with Minqin County of Wuwei City in the north and East, Liangzhou District of Wuwei City in the southeast, Sunan Yugur Autonomous County in the south, Menyuan Hui Autonomous County of Qinghai Province in the southwest, Shandan and Minle counties of Zhangye City in the west, and Alxa Right Banner of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in the northwest.

topographic features

Jinchang is high in the South and low in the north, with crisscross mountains and rivers and alternating Gobi oases. The southern mountains belong to the Qilian Mountains, with a northwest southeast trend and a length of 99 km from east to west. With Lenglongling as the main body, the main peak is 4442 meters above sea level, which is the highest mountain in the city, including Dahuang mountain, huosonglin, gaizhangdaban and other branches, mostly more than 2500 meters. Covering an area of 2857.45 square kilometers, the terrain is rugged and steep, with many "V" shaped canyons, generally steep sunny slopes and slightly gentle shady slopes. In the middle part, Longshou mountain is the main body, including the mountain ranges and Intermountain basins such as qiongzi mountain, Wudang Mountain, Fengmen mountain and Longkou mountain. The oasis plain is mainly distributed between Qilian Mountain and Longshou mountain, which is in a long and narrow strip, and distributed in northwest direction. The desert plain is distributed in the north of Longshou mountain, which belongs to the West extension of Tengger Desert.

climate

Jinchang has a continental temperate arid climate. There are plenty of light, dry climate, northwest wind all year round, large temperature difference between day and night and four seasons, long frost period and strong wind in spring. The temperature is higher in the north and lower in the south, and the precipitation is less in the north and more in the south. From northeast to southwest, it can be roughly divided into five climatic regions, namely, warm and extremely arid region and warm and cool arid region; warm and cold arid region; cold and semi-arid region and cold and semi humid region; cold and humid region; alpine and humid region and alpine and very humid region. 0 kcal / cm2 in urban area, 137 kcal / cm2 in Yongchang and 114 kcal / cm2 in southern mountainous area. The total amount of solar radiation is the most in May and June, and the least in December and January. The average annual temperature is 9.2 ℃ in urban area, 4.8 ℃ in Yongchang, 0.2 ℃ in southern mountainous area, and 9.0 ℃ in South and North. The variation trend of surface temperature is similar to that of air temperature. The precipitation increases from northeast to southwest with the elevation of terrain. There is less precipitation in Sichuan and more precipitation in mountainous areas. It is one of 110 key water shortage cities and 13 resource-based water shortage cities in China. It is also an area with fragile natural ecological environment in Western China.

hydrology

Jinchang is located in the inland arid area. The water supply for industry, agriculture and city mainly depends on the precipitation in Qilian mountain area and the melting water from DONGDAHE source. The source glacier of DONGDAHE river is located in Lenglongling mountain area of Qilian Mountain. There are 62 glaciers with a total area of 34.43 square kilometers and a total reserve of 1.1829 cubic kilometers. They are distributed between 4040-5154 meters above sea level. The main sources of surface water in the city are atmospheric precipitation and melting snow and ice in the Qilian Mountains. The main rivers are DONGDAHE, xidahe and Jinchuan River, which belong to Shiyang River system and are perennial inland rivers. In addition, there are Qinghe River (wuniuba) and 18 Xiaogou rivers, of which only 6 are perennial, with small flow and short flow. The groundwater in the city can be divided into two types: bedrock fissure water in mountain area and groundwater in plain area. The recharge of groundwater mainly depends on Valley undercurrent in mountain area, river channel in front of mountain and rainfall infiltration. Groundwater is widely distributed in the southern grassland, western grassland and northern grassland, but the amount of water is very small.

natural resources

mineral resources

Jinchang city has found 94 kinds of mineral resources. Among them, there are 14 large-scale deposits, 7 medium-sized deposits, 23 small-scale deposits and 50 ore or mineralization points. The iron ore is mainly medium and small lean iron ore with small reserves. It is mainly sedimentary metamorphic type (Anshan type), followed by sedimentary type and hydrothermal type. Jinchuan copper nickel sulfide deposit is rich in reserves. Among the similar deposits in the world, Jinchuan copper nickel sulfide deposit is comparable to saderbury in Canada, ranking second in the world. In addition to abundant copper and nickel, there are more than 20 kinds of rare and precious metal minerals such as platinum and cobalt. Copper deposits are mainly magmatic copper nickel type, copper bearing polymetallic type and hydrothermal quartz vein type. Except for Cu Ni type copper deposits, the rest are mineralization points. Precious metal minerals are associated minerals in Jinchuan copper nickel sulfide deposit. It is rich in gold, silver, platinum, palladium, osmium, iridium, ruthenium and rhodium. According to the scale of deposits, gold is equivalent to 3-5 large mines, silver is equivalent to 1-2 large mines, and platinum group metals are equivalent to 20 large mines. There are 50 non-metallic ore spots, including 13 large deposits, 6 medium deposits, 13 small deposits and 18 mineralization spots. There are limestone, dolomite, silica (quartzite, quartz sandstone and vein quartz), fluorite, phosphorus, sulfur, clay, loess, granite, diabase, bentonite, gypsum, talc, chalcedony agate, crystal and other 15 minerals.

plant resources

There are 250 kinds of wild plants in Jinchang City, such as arbor and shrub, medicinal and edible plants and herbage. Trees include Picea crassifolia, Larix principis rupprechtii, Platycladus orientalis, Sabina przewalskii, Betula platyphylla, poplar, willow, elm, etc. Shrubs include fresh yellow tiller, Spiraea, Sorbus sorbifolia, Sorbus alba, Cotoneaster seeds, Cotoneaster seeds, Calligonum mongolicum, Caragana korshinskii, flower stick, Salix matsudana, Tamarix chinensis, Nitraria tangutorum, acid fat, Haloxylon ammodendron, Haloxylon ammodendron, Prunus armeniaca, Hippophae rhamnoides, etc. The medicinal plants are radix ginseng, Lycium barbarum, Glycyrrhizae, Gentiana macrophylla, ephedra, rhubarb, notopterygium, Angelica pubescens, snow lotus, Cynomorium songaricum, Cistanche, purple ginseng, Platycodon grandiflorum, Codonopsis pilosula, Angelica sinensis, Fangfeng, Schizonepeta tenuifolia, Tusi, wild lily, Vaccaria, laifuzi, perilla, Cheqianzi, Bupleurum chinense, safflower, Xanthium sibiricum, Artemisia capillaris, Puhe, Tribulus terrestris, white mustard and nium

Chinese PinYin : Gan Su Sheng Jin Chang Shi