Xianning City, Hubei Province

Xianning is a prefecture level city in Hubei Province. The city has jurisdiction over one municipal district, one county-level city and four counties, with a total area of 10033 square kilometers and a total population of 2548400.

Xianning is located in Central China, Southeast of Hubei Province, on the South Bank of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, bordering Hunan and Jiangxi. Known as the "south gate of Hubei", it is an important member of Wuhan city circle and the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. It has mild climate, abundant precipitation, sufficient sunshine, four distinct seasons and long frost free period. Its terrain is high in the South and low in the North.

Xianning City has won China's living environment model award, the most suitable living city in China, China's charming city, China's hot spring city, China's top ten most innovative cities with growth, the second batch of renewable energy building application demonstration cities in China, the first batch of low-carbon economy pilot cities in Hubei Province, the first batch of National Tourism Standardization cities, National Forest cities, and the first batch of water ecological civilization construction cities in China The first batch of national agricultural sustainable development experimental demonstration areas, national health city and other honorary titles. Dazhuhai in southern Hubei, huanggaihu in Chibi, Tomb of Li Zicheng, king of Chuang in Tongshan, Jiugongshan, heshengqiao in the northern expedition, tingsiqiao battle site and other important scenic spots, as well as twelve springs (Hot Springs) in one city are all located in its territory.

In 2019, the GDP will reach 159.498 billion yuan, an increase of 8.1% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 20 billion yuan, an increase of 3.3%; the added value of the secondary industry was 70.490 billion yuan, an increase of 8.9%; the added value of the tertiary industry was 69.008 billion yuan, an increase of 8.8%.

Historical evolution

The origin of place names

The word Xianning first appeared in the ancient books of Zhou Dynasty. In the book of changes, it is said that "the way of Qian changed, each of them was upright, and each of them was in harmony with the others. The first thing came out of the commons, Xianning of all nations." "Book of history · dayumo" also said: "there are no heroes left by the wild, ten thousand help Xianning." It means that all the world is peaceful. The establishment of the place name of Xianning experienced a tortuous process of evolution.

Tang Gaozu (Liyuan) Wude four years (621), changed Jiangxia county to Ezhou, salt belongs to Ezhou Jiangxia county. In the third year of Dali (768) of emperor Zong (Liyu) of Tang Dynasty, Jincheng, fengle and Xuanhua townships in the south of Jiangxia county were located in Yongan Town, directly under Ezhou. This is the beginning of Xianning. Yongan means eternal peace.

In 928, Yongan Town was changed into Yongan Town. After Zhou Shizong (chairong) Xiande two years (955), rise Yongan field for Yongan County, belongs to Ezhou. This is the beginning of Xianning county.

In 1007, Emperor Zhenzong (Zhao Heng) of the Song Dynasty, in order to avoid the taboo of Zhao Kuangyin's Yong'an mausoleum, it was changed to Xianning county according to the meaning of "Xianning of all nations" and "Yong'an" in Qianxiang of the Yi Dynasty. Since then, the domain name of Xianning has been established.

Evolution of organizational system

Xianning City is relatively late in administrative construction, but the counties (cities, districts) have a long history. The Zhou Dynasty is the place of Chu and belongs to Nanjun. The Han Dynasty belongs to Jiangxia County of Jingzhou and the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty belongs to Dongwu.

In the early Han Dynasty, Shaxian County was established, Xianning, Jiayu and Puqi belonged to it; Chongyang and Tongcheng belonged to Xiajun county.

The Three Kingdoms belong to Wu, Wu Huangwu two years (223 years) home Puqi county.

Yongan Town was established in the third year of zongdali (768).

In 955, Baoda county was promoted to Yong'an county.

In 1007, it was renamed Xianning county.

In 953, Jiayu county was established.

Tongshan County was established in the second year of Qiande (964).

In 975, Chongyang County was established.

In 1072, Tongcheng county was established. Chongyang and Tongcheng were reunited in 1135 and analyzed in 1145.

In Yuan Dynasty, Xianning, Jiayu, Tongcheng, Puqi and Chongyang belonged to Wuchang road of Huguang Province, Tongshan belonged to Qihuang road of Jianghuai Province, and soon changed to Xingguo road of Huguang province.

In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the jurisdiction belonged to Wuchang Prefecture.

In 1932, Tongshan was the second administrative supervision district of Hubei Province, and other counties were the first.

In 1936, Tongshan became the first administrative supervision district.

From 1949 to 1952, Xianning, Chongyang, Tongshan and Tongcheng belonged to Daye Special Area; Jiayu and Puqi belonged to Mianyang special area, and changed to Daye Special Area in 1951.

In 1952, Daye district was abolished and Xianning, Jiayu, Tongshan, Tongcheng, Puqi and Chongyang were changed into Xiaogan district.

In December 1959, it was subordinate to Wuhan city.

In 1961, it was changed to Xiaogan area.

In June 1965, Xianning district was established, with jurisdiction over nine counties of Xianning, Jiayu, Puqi, Tongshan, Chongyang, Tongcheng, Yangxin, Echeng and Wuchang. In 1968, Xianning area was renamed Xianning area.

In November 1975 and November 1979, Wuchang and Echeng were divided into Wuhan city and Huanggang area respectively.

In August 1983, Xianning county was abolished and Xianning City was established.

In May 1986, Puqi county was abolished and Puqi City was established.

In December 1996, Yangxin was transferred to Huangshi City.

In June 1998, Puqi City changed its name to Chibi City with the approval of the State Council.

On December 6, 1998, with the approval of the State Council, Xianning Prefecture and county level Xianning City were abolished and prefecture level Xianning City was established. Xian'an district is set up in Xianning City. The former administrative region of Xianning City at county level is the administrative region of Xian'an district. On December 22, the people's Government of Hubei Province approved that the former Chibi City in Xianning area was managed by Xianning City.

administrative division

Xianning has jurisdiction over six county-level administrative regions, including one municipal district, one county-level city and four counties, namely Xian'an District, Chibi City, Jiayu County, Tongcheng County, Chongyang County and Tongshan County. Xianning Municipal People's government is located at 16 Shuanghe Road, Xian'an district.

Source:

geographical environment

Location context

Xianning City is located in the southeast of Hubei Province, on the South Bank of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, at the junction of Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi provinces. Yangxin in the East, Chongyang in the south, Puqi in the west, Wuchang in the north, Tongshan in the southeast and Jiayu in the northwest, with a total area of 9861 square kilometers.

topographic features

Xianning City is high in the South and low in the north. According to the national geomorphological division, it can be divided into three geomorphic areas: the alluvial plain along the river and Lake area: located in the northwest of Xianning City, it is a large area from chaanling in Chibi City to the north of Shuangxi in Xian'an District. Damushan Yushan low mountain and hilly area: it is located in the middle of Xian'an City, north of the line from Gaofeng to Shadian in Tongshan County, and south of the line from chaanling to Shuangxi. Mufushan erosion structure middle mountain area: located in the south of Tongshan high tide to Shadian line in Xianning City, it is a dome fold fault mountain steep slope terrain composed of granite and metamorphic rock.

geology

Xianning is located on the southeast Bank of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and at the north foot of Mufu mountain. The geotectonics is located in three fourth order tectonic units: Liangzihu Sag (Ⅱ 3) of Daye fold belt (Ⅱ 3) of lower Yangtze platform (Ⅱ 3) and Xianning platform fold bundle (Ⅱ 3) at the east end of Yangtze paraplatform (Ⅱ) and Tongshan platform fold bundle (Ⅱ 4) of Mufu platform depression (Ⅱ 4). There are Proterozoic to Cenozoic strata exposed in the area, and magmatic activities are mainly concentrated in Jiugongshan area of Tongshan. Due to the influence of crustal movement, folds and faults developed in the area, forming the present landscape. The terrain is high in the South and low in the north, which is divided into three geomorphic areas. Jianghan lacustrine alluvial plain, located in the northwest, is a large area from chaanling of Chibi City to Shuangxi of Xian'an district; Damushan Yushan low mountain and hilly area, located in the middle, is a vast area from Gaohu to Shadian in Tongshan County to the north and from chaanling to Shuangxi to the South; Mufu mountain erosion structure middle mountain area, located in the south of Gaohu to Shadian in Tongshan County.

climate

Xianning has a mild climate, abundant precipitation, sufficient sunshine, four distinct seasons and long frost free period. In winter, northerly wind prevails, cold and dry; in summer, southerly wind prevails, high temperature and rainy. The annual average temperature is 16.8 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 41.4 ℃, and the extreme minimum temperature is minus 15.4 ℃. The annual average precipitation is 1577.4 mm, the annual average sunshine time is 1754.5 hours, and the annual average frost free period is 245-258 days. The main disastrous weather includes late spring cold, heavy rain, flood, flood, summer drought and summer drought.

natural resources

Soil resources

According to soil forming conditions, soil forming process and soil properties, Xianning City is divided into 8 soil types, 20 sub types, 70 soil genera and 241 soil species. Paddy soil covers an area of 136000 hectares, accounting for 11.72% of the total area. The area of fluvo aquic soil is 16.41 thousand hectares, accounting for 1.4% of the total area; the area of lime (rock) soil is 9.39 thousand hectares, accounting for 0.805% of the total area; the area of natural lime (rock) soil is 8.76 thousand hectares, accounting for 12.47% of the total area of forest wasteland. The area of purple soil is more than 3000 hectares, accounting for 0.29% of the total area, of which the cultivated soil is 105000 hectares, accounting for 0.34% of the cultivated land. The red soil area is 641.03 thousand hectares, accounting for 54.65% of the total area, of which 43.56 thousand hectares are cultivated red soil, accounting for 21.29% of the cultivated land. The yellow brown soil covers an area of 13.65 thousand hectares, accounting for 1.17% of the total area. Meadow land area is 0.32 thousand hectares, accounting for 0.03% of the total area. The swamp soil covers an area of 2.05 thousand hectares, accounting for 0.18% of the total area.

Animal resources

There are more than 460 species of terrestrial wildlife in Xianning City, including amphibians, reptiles, birds, arthropods, mammals and so on. There are 43 species of amphibians in 7 families of 2 orders. Giant salamander (salamander), a national second-class protected animal, has settled down in Jiugongshan, Tongshan. There are 45 species of reptiles in 9 families, 4 orders, about 37 species, which are mainly distributed in the hilly and mountainous areas of the region. The common reptiles are snake, snake, Bungarus multicinctus, Bungarus aureus. There are more than 270 species in 40 families of 17 orders. Falcons, owls and other Raptors are mainly distributed in Tongshan, Chongyang and Tongcheng

Chinese PinYin : Hu Bei Sheng Xian Ning Shi