Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province

Xianyang, a prefecture level city in Shaanxi Province, is the capital of the first feudal dynasty "Qin Empire" in China. It is located in the hinterland of Qinchuan, 800 li away from Shaanxi Province. The Weishui river runs through the south, the Gushan Mountain runs through the north, and the mountains and waters are all sunny, so it is called Xianyang.

Xianyang is the birthplace of China. It is adjacent to Xi'an in the East, Yangling agricultural high tech industry demonstration zone in the West and Gansu in the northwest. It has jurisdiction over 2 districts, 2 cities and 9 counties, with a total area of 10189.4 square kilometers (644.56 square kilometers of Xixian new district is entrusted by Xi'an, and Yangling District is not included). By the end of 2017, the city's permanent resident population was 4.376 million, and the population in the central urban area was 915 million, ranking the third in Shaanxi Province, second only to Xi'an and Baoji.

Xianyang is a class a open city in China, a national famous historical and cultural city, a national model city of double support, a national health city, a charming city in China, a geothermal city in China, a top ten livable city in China, one of the first batch of excellent tourist cities in China, a national advanced city in the construction of spiritual civilization, and a famous Chinese health culture city. Xianyang has Shaanxi University of traditional Chinese medicine, Xianyang Normal University, Tibet University for Nationalities (Tibet Management), Shaanxi University of science and technology, Shaanxi international business college, Shaanxi Institute of fashion engineering, Shaanxi Vocational and Technical College of Finance and economics, Shaanxi Energy vocational and technical college, Shaanxi Vocational and Technical College of Posts and telecommunications, Xianyang vocational and technical college, Shaanxi Industrial Vocational and technical college, etc Colleges and universities.

Xianyang is located at the beginning of the long history and culture of China, and it is an important birthplace of the culture of Qin and Han Dynasties. There are 4951 cultural relics and scenic spots in the territory. On the Wuling plateau, 28 mausoleums of emperors of the Han and Tang Dynasties, including the Changling Mausoleum of emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty, the Yangling Mausoleum of emperor Jingdi of the Han Dynasty, the Maoling Mausoleum of Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty, the Zhaoling Mausoleum of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, and the Qianling Mausoleum of Emperor Gaozong and empress Wuzetian of the Tang Dynasty. Xianyang gave birth to China's agricultural civilization, where Houji, the ancestor of agriculture, taught the people to farm. In November 2017, Xianyang was awarded the fifth national civilized city. In November 2017, Xianyang was awarded the national advanced city (District) for ideological and moral construction of minors. In 2018, the national health city was reconfirmed.

Historical evolution

The origin of the name

As for the origin of the name Xianyang, there is a saying: in ancient times, the south of the mountain is "Yang", and the north of the water is "Yang". Xianyang is located in the south of jiugu mountain and the north of Weihe River. The word "Xian" means "Jie", "Dushi" and so on.

In addition, according to the records of the historian and the inscriptions on pottery from Xianyang, the capital of Qin Dynasty, some people think that Shang Yang set up "Xianheng" and "Yangli" here. In 350 BC, Qin Xiaogong combined the two names into one, that is, Xianyang.

Evolution of organizational system

Xianyang municipal district was established in the Xia Dynasty. In the 21st century, the western part of the city is the fiefdom of the Tai family, the southeast part is the jurisdiction of the Hu family, and the north part is the original clan tribes such as the Yao Yi. It belongs to Yongzhou of Yugong Kyushu.

During the Yin and Shang Dynasties, it developed to Tai, Chen, Cheng, goufang and other countries, with the urban area in the southeast of the city.

In the Western Zhou Dynasty, it was the state of Bi. Later, it was changed to the state of Qi. It was in the suburbs of Fengjing and Haojing.

The spring and Autumn period belongs to the Qin Dynasty, known as Weiyang.

In the Warring States period, in the 12th year of emperor Xiaogong of Qin (350 BC), the capital of the state of Qin, after nine migrations, was transferred from Liyang (now between Guanzhuang village of Wutun town in Yanliang District of Xi'an city and guchengtun Village) to Xianyang (now between Yaodian street and Zhengyang Street in Weicheng District of Qinhan new town in Xixian New District).

In 221 B.C., the first emperor of Qin unified the six states and set up prefectures and counties. He set up internal history in the capital around Xianyang and governed the counties in Guanzhong.

At the end of the Qin Dynasty, Xiang Yu entered the pass, abolished prefectures and counties, restored the enfeoffment system, and divided the internal history of the Qin Dynasty and a part of Shangjun into Three Kingdoms: Yong, Zhai and Sai, which is the origin of the "three Qin".

In the early years of emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty, Liu Bang restored Xianyang, which was burned by Xiang Yu, and named it Xincheng. During the reign of Emperor Wu, Xianyang was renamed Weicheng because it was close to Weishui river.

During the Three Kingdoms period, Xianyang was distributed in Fufeng, Fengyi and Xinping counties.

In the Western Jin Dynasty, there were Shiping County, Xinping County, Anding County, Fufeng County and several counties under the jurisdiction of these counties.

Lingwu County in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Later Zhao shile destroyed former Zhao Liuxi and renamed Lingwu County as Shi'an county (now North of Yaodian Town, northeast Xianyang City). Xianyang county was set up in 352, the first two years of the Qin emperor before the Sixteen Kingdoms. It was located in Changling city (now near Yiwei village, 30 Li northeast of Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province).

By the end of the northern weekend, there are more than ten counties in Xianyang, Fufeng, Xinping, Yunyang, Fengyi and Pingliang under the jurisdiction of the three states.

In the early Sui Dynasty, the county system was abolished, and the prefecture and county level local administrative regions were set up. By the end of the Sui Dynasty, there were seven counties in Jingzhao County, including Shiping, Wugong, Liquan, Shangyi, Sanyuan, Jingyang and Yunyang; two counties in Beidi County, Xinping and Sanshui; and the northeast of quail County in Anding county.

In the Tang Dynasty, Jingji Dao was set up in Guanzhong, and Chenzhou was changed into a prefecture. By the end of the Tang Dynasty, there were nine counties in Jingzhao Prefecture of Jingji Dao, namely Xianyang, Sanyuan, Jingyang, Liquan, Yunyang, Xingping, Wugong, Haohe and Fengtian, and four counties, namely Xinping, Sanshui, Yongshou and Yilu. From the Five Dynasties to the end of the week, there are six counties in Jingzhao Prefecture, Xianyang, Xingping, Jingyang, Haowan, Liquan and Wugong; two counties in Yaozhou, Sanyuan and Yunyang; Qianzhou and Fengtian; and four counties in Yingzhou, Xinping, Sanshui, Yongshou and Yilu.

In the Northern Song Dynasty, Yongxing military road, Chunhua County, Qianzhou and Lizhou were established in Shaanxi and Gansu. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, there were Xianyang, Xingping and Jingyang counties in Jingzhao Prefecture, Sanyuan and Yunyang counties in Yaozhou, Yingzhou and Xinping, Yilu, Sanshui and Chunhua counties under its jurisdiction, Lizhou and Fengtian, Wugong, Liquan, Yongshou and Haohe counties under its jurisdiction. At the end of the Jin Dynasty, there were Xianyang, Xingping, Jingyang and Yunyang counties in Jingzhao Prefecture, Sanyuan County in Yaozhou, Qianzhou and Fengtian, Liquan, Wuting and Haohe counties under its jurisdiction, and Wuzhou and Xinping, Chunhua, Yongshou, Yilu and Sanshui counties under its jurisdiction.

In the Yuan Dynasty, Zhongshu province was set up in Shaanxi Province. There were Xianyang, Xingping and Jingyang counties in Fengyuan Road, Sanyuan County in Yaozhou, Qianzhou and Liquan, Wugong and Yongshou counties under its jurisdiction, and Yingzhou and Xinping and Chunhua counties under its jurisdiction.

In the Ming Dynasty, Fengyuan road was changed to Xi'an Prefecture. In 1371, Xianyang was moved to weishuiyi (the current location of Qindu District), followed by Sanshui county and Changwu county. In the late Ming Dynasty, there were Xianyang, Xingping, Jingyang, Sanyuan and Liquan counties in Xi'an Prefecture, Qianzhou and its Wugong and Yongshou counties, and Yingzhou and its Chunhua, Sanshui and Changwu counties.

In the Qing Dynasty, Qianzhou and Jiazhou were changed into Zhili, and the old system of Ming Dynasty was still extended.

In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), the local administrative regions below the provincial level were changed into Dao and county levels, and Xianyang was under the jurisdiction of Guanzhong Dao. In 1935, there were 10 administrative supervision districts above the county level in Shaanxi Province, with the jurisdiction of the second, seventh, ninth and tenth supervision districts. At the same time, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China established the Northwest Office of the Soviet central government, and set up Guanzhong special zone in Xunyi County, Chunhua County and Yaozhou District of Tongchuan. In 1940, it was changed into Guanzhong District.

From June 1948 to September 1949, the counties in Guanzhong were liberated one after another, the Guanzhong District was abolished, and three districts, Sanyuan, Xianyang and Jiaxian, were set up in the city. In May 1950, Sanyuan and Jiaxian districts were abolished, and Xianyang district was changed into Xianyang special district. In October 1961, Xianyang District governed Xianyang city and 13 counties including Xingping, Fuxian, Fuxian, Gaoling, Sanyuan, Jingyang, Chunhua, Liquan, Qianxian, Yongshou, Fuyi, Fuxian and Changwu. On September 10, 1964, with the approval of the State Council, Liquan was changed to Liquan, Fuyi to Xunyi, and Fuxian to Binxian. In 1969, Xianyang district was renamed Xianyang district.

In 1984, Xianyang district was abolished and Xianyang city was changed into a provincial city. Xianyang city has jurisdiction over Qindu and Yangling districts, and 11 counties including Wugong, Xingping, Jingyang, Sanyuan, Liquan, Qianxian, Yongshou, Binxian, Changwu, Xunyi and Chunhua.

On June 18, 1993, with the approval of the State Council, Xingping county was set up as a city (county-level city).

In July 1997, the State Council decided to establish Yangling agricultural high-tech industry demonstration zone. The Management Committee of the demonstration zone is an agency directly under the provincial government.

In July 1997, the State Council officially approved the establishment of Yangling Agricultural High-tech Industry Demonstration Zone in Yangling District. The Management Committee of the demonstration zone is an agency directly under the provincial government, enjoying provincial economic management authority and prefecture level administrative authority. Yangling Demonstration Zone has jurisdiction over county-level Yangling District, and Yangling District has been separated from the actual jurisdiction of Xianyang city since then. However, in the formal administrative division, Yangling District continues to protect the local economy Xianyang City area remains unchanged.

In January 2014, the State Council officially approved the establishment of Xixian new area. Xianyang covers an area of about 657.16 square kilometers.

In January 2017, Xi'an took charge of Xixian New District, and part of Fengxi new district with an area of 12.6 square kilometers was still under the jurisdiction of Xianyang.

On May 4, 2018, the people's Government of Shaanxi Province agreed to abolish Binxian county and establish Binzhou City at the county level.

administrative division

In 1984, Gaoling County, Zhouzhi County and Huxian County in Xianyang area were assigned to Xi'an city; Wugong County and Yangling District in Baoji area were assigned to Xianyang city; Xianyang city at county level was changed to Qindu District.

In December 1986, Weicheng district was set up in the east of Qindu District with Leyu road as the boundary.

As of May 11, 2018, Xianyang has jurisdiction over 3 municipal districts, 2 county-level cities and 9 counties, with a total of 100 towns, 58 townships and 13 sub district offices. The total area is 10189.4 square kilometers (excluding Yangling District). The Municipal People's government is located at No. 6, middle Weiyang Road, Qindu District.

In February 2019, Xianyang City governs 3 districts, 2 cities and 9 counties, with a total area of 9543.6 square kilometers (excluding Yangling District and Xixian New District).

Note: 1. From January 2017, Xi'an will take charge of Xixian new area. Xixian New District has 15 towns and streets in Xianyang City, with a total area of 644.56 square kilometers and a population of about 670000. among

Chinese PinYin : Shan Xi Sheng Xian Yang Shi