Dalian City, Liaoning Province

Dalian, a city under the jurisdiction of Liaoning Province, also known as Bincheng, is a sub provincial city and a city under separate planning. It is an important central city, port and scenic tourist city along the coast of northern China determined by the State Council. Its basic landform is high in the center and gradually decreases to the East and west sides. It is located in the warm temperate zone of the northern hemisphere and the east coast of the Eurasian continent, with a warm temperate semi humid continental monsoon climate. As of 2019, 7 districts, 1 counties and 2 county level cities were administered, covering a total area of 12573.85 square kilometers, with 5 million 987 thousand registered residence population and a I city.

Dalian is located at the southern end of Liaodong Peninsula, the junction of the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea, across the sea from Shandong Peninsula. It is an important port, trade, industry and tourism city. Dalian has a long history. As early as 6000 years ago, Dalian area was developed. During the period of the national liberation war, lvdajin was a special liberated area under the military control of the Soviet army and the leadership of the Communist Party of China. In March 1953, it was changed into a municipality directly under the central government. In February 1981, it was renamed Dalian city. Since 1985, separate planning has been implemented. In July of the same year, the State Council granted Dalian provincial economic management authority. In June 2020, the Central Committee for the rule of law was selected as the first batch of national government construction demonstration areas and projects.

In 2020, Dalian's GDP will reach 703.04 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 0.9% at comparable prices.

ancient

Six thousand years ago, our ancestors developed the Dalian area.

When the Xia Dynasty was founded, Dalian area, though vast and sparsely populated, was deeply influenced by its close ties with Shandong Peninsula.

At the beginning of the bronze age, Wang Xiangtu of the third generation of the pre Shang Dynasty moved to Shangqiu, Henan Province from the present eastern part of Liaoning Province. Because of nostalgia for his native land, he traveled between Liaoning and Henan Province and opened up the route from Penglai to Dalian, which made the economic and cultural exchanges between Dalian and the coastal areas of northern Shandong more and more complicated. In the 17th century BC, Shang Tang destroyed Xia. By the time of emperor Xin (Zhou), the society of Dalian had changed from a regional organization to a Fangguo. The wheel pottery unearthed from Shuangtuozi site in jinyingchengzi area proves that the Yueshi culture in Shandong has influenced Dalian.

At the end of the Shang Dynasty and the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty, there were many stone sheds in Dalian area, which was the most widely distributed, the most complete type and the most quantity area in Liaodong Peninsula. Most of them were located in the hills near the rivers, including 7 large stone sheds, 18 small and medium stone sheds and 38 small stone sheds, mainly distributed in Jinzhou district and Pulandian, Wafangdian and Zhuanghe.

In the spring and Autumn period, Duke Huan of Qi ascended the throne in 685 BC. In order to develop Liaodong, Duke Huan of Qi immigrated to Liaodong in bulk. During this period, the state of Qi sent troops to save the state of Yan and further established its hegemony. In the sixth year of the reign of Qi linggong (567 BC), the state of Qi destroyed the state of Lai (today's Jiaodong area), and the area controlled by Qi extended to the eastern coast of Shandong Peninsula. After the defeat of the war, the Lai people fled across the sea and moved to Liaodong Peninsula on a large scale. The population of Dalian increased greatly. The government established village organizations and sent officials to manage them. A large number of Qi and Lai residents moved northward, which further blended the cultures of Shandong and Liaodong, and rapidly improved the level of productivity. In addition, the residents of the lower Yellow River took refuge in Liaodong along the above-mentioned routes in times of war and famine. Some of these immigrants settled in Dalian and some migrated to the hinterland of Northeast China, gradually forming an ancient road from Lushun to the hinterland of Northeast China. With the development of Commerce and handicraft industry, there was a special "market" for trading in Jiyi, which implemented barter. After the death of Duke Huan of Qi, the scholars fought for the throne, civil strife continued, and the state of Qi gradually lost its hegemony. Liaodong, including Dalian, became the territory of Yan state. The spring and Autumn Period in the first year of King yuan of Zhou Dynasty (475 BC) ended. Chinese society entered the Warring States period, and the economy and society of Dalian also entered the Warring States period.

In the Qin Dynasty, it belonged to Liaodong county.

In the Western Han Dynasty, the southern part belonged to Tashi County of Liaodong county (today's Zhangdian Han City site in Pulandian District), and the northern part belonged to Pingguo County of Liaodong county (today's ancient Han City site in Gaizhou city) and Wuci county (today's liujiabao Han City site in Fengcheng City).

In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the southern part still belonged to Tashi County, Liaodong County, and the northern part belonged to Pingguo County and Xianping county.

During the period of the Three Kingdoms, when Gongsun's regime separated Liaodong, Dalian now belongs to Dashi County, Pingguo County and Xi'an Pingxian county. Later, the southern part of Dalian belonged to Dongda County, Liaodong County, Youzhou of the state of Wei (the former Han Dynasty city site of Daling, Jinzhou District of Dalian), and the northern part belonged to Pingguo County and Xi'an Pingxian county.

In the Western Jin Dynasty, the southern part of Dalian now belongs to Pingguo County of Liaodong state (later changed to Liaodong county), and the northern part belongs to Xi'an county.

In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the southern part of Dalian now belongs to Pingguo County, Liaodong County, Pingzhou, and the northern part belongs to Xi'an county.

In the Sixteen States, Pingguo County is located in Liaodong County of Pingzhou in the South and Anping County in the north.

Houyan belongs to Pingguo County, Liaodong County, Pingzhou. In 404, Gaogouli ruled Liaodong County separately. Today, Dalian area belongs to Liaodong county (city), Beisha city (today's Daheishan mountain city in Jinzhou District), Delisi mountain city (today's Wafangdian City) and Chengshan mountain city (today's Chengshan city in Zhuanghe City).

In the Tang Dynasty, the first year of Zongzhang (668), it belonged to Jili Prefecture, the protector of Anton capital.

In the Liao Dynasty, Laisu county and Huaihua county were under the jurisdiction of the Anfu military festival of Dongjing Dao Suzhou (in the old city of Jinzhou District), Yongning County and Desheng county were under the jurisdiction of the Huaide military festival of Dongjing Dao Suzhou (in the old city of Jinzhou District), and Zhuanghe City was under the jurisdiction of Daomu Prefecture of Dongjing.

In the Jin Dynasty, Jinzhou, Liaoyang Prefecture, Dongjing road was in the south, Yongkang county and Guisheng town were in the north, and Xiuyan County is in the present Zhuanghe City.

In Yuan Dynasty, it belonged to wanhufu, Jinfu Prefecture, Liaoyang Road, xingzhongshu Province, Jinzhou qianhusuo and hashan qianhusuo in the south, Fuzhou qianhusuo in the north, and Zhuanghe coastal patrol 100 households in today's Zhuanghe City.

In the Ming Dynasty, the South belonged to Jinzhou, Shandong Province at the beginning, the North belonged to Fuzhou, and today Zhuanghe belonged to Gaizhou. Hongwu 20 years (1395) scrap gold, Fu, Gaizhou, specialized in health system. At present, the southern part of Dalian belongs to Jinzhou Wei, which was built in Jinzhou and was called dingliao Duwei at that time. The northern part of Dalian belongs to Fuzhou Wei, and the present Zhuanghe city belongs to Gaizhou Wei.

In the Qing Dynasty, Ninghai County in fengtianfu was in the south, Fuzhou in the north, and Xiuyan Tongtan in Zhuanghe.

Modern times

At the end of the Qing Dynasty, the southern and northern parts belonged to Jinzhou hall and Fuzhou of Fengtian Prefecture, Fengtian province, respectively, and the northeastern part belonged to Zhuanghe Hall of xingfengdao.

During the Japanese Russian colonial period and the period of tsarist Russia renting Dalian area, Dalian area now belongs to Lushun, Jinzhou and chenziwo cities; Lushun, Jinzhou, liangjiadian, chenziwo, island administrative region and dalini special city; during the period of Japanese occupation of Dalian area, Dalian area belongs to Dalian City, Lvshun Municipal Service station and Lushun, Jinzhou, Pulandian and chenziwo civil affairs department.

In the early period of the Republic of China, the northern part was Zhuanghe county and Daofu County in Eastern Fengtian province, and the southern part was Daojin County in Liaoshen province (the puppet Guandong Prefecture under Japanese occupation).

After the September 18th Incident, the northern part of the country belonged to Fu County in Fengtian province and Zhuanghe County in Anton province.

During the war of liberation, Xinjin, Zhuanghe and Fuxian belonged to Anton province at first, and later to Liaoning Province and Liaodong province. The ludajin area to the south of shiheyi was a special liberated area under the leadership of the Soviet army and the Communist Party of China. The administrative office of Dalian Tourism University is under the jurisdiction of Dalian City, Lushun City, Jinxian county and Dalian county.

In August 1949, it was under the leadership of the Northeast People's government.

Contemporary

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Luda city became a municipality directly under the central government of the Northeast administrative region. In March 1953, it was changed into a municipality directly under the central government.

In August 1954, it was changed into a city under the jurisdiction of Liaoning Province.

In January 1960, the State Council approved the abolition of Lvshun city at the county level and the establishment of Lvshunkou district.

In February 1981, the State Council approved that LvDa city should be renamed Dalian city; on March 5, Dalian municipal government officially set up its official business.

In April 1984, the State Planning Commission approved the implementation of separate planning in Dalian since 1985; in July of the same year, the State Council agreed to grant Dalian provincial economic management authority.

In January 1985, the State Council approved to abolish the restoration of counties and establish Wafangdian City (county level, officially established on April 1).

In April 1987, the State Council approved the abolition of Jinxian and the establishment of Jinzhou District of Dalian (officially established on May 20).

In November 1991, the Ministry of Civil Affairs approved the revocation of Xinjin County and the establishment of Pulandian City with the approval of the State Council.

In September 1992, the State Council approved the abolition of Zhuanghe county and the establishment of Zhuanghe City.

In May 1994, Dalian was upgraded from a prefecture level city to a vice provincial level city.

In June 2014, Dalian Jinpu new area was established. Dalian Jinpu new area is located in the central and southern part of Dalian City, Liaoning Province, covering all administrative areas of Jinzhou district and part of Pulandian district.

In October 2015, the county-level Pulandian City was abolished and Pulandian District of Dalian city was established. The former administrative region of Pulandian City was taken as the administrative region of Pulandian district.

administrative division

As of 2017, Dalian has 7 municipal districts, 1 county and 2 county-level cities. The Municipal People's government is located at No.1 People's Square, Xigang District.

geographical environment

Location context

Dalian is located in the southern end of Liaodong Peninsula, between 38 ° 43 ′～ 40 ° 12 ′ N and 120 ° 58 ′～ 123 ° 31 ′ E. It is close to the Yellow Sea in the East, Bohai Sea in the west, Shandong Peninsula across the sea in the south, and the vast Northeast Plain in the north. The whole terrain is high in the north and low in the south, wide in the north and narrow in the south. The total land area of the city is 12573.85 square kilometers, including 2414.96 square kilometers in the urban area and 10158.89 square kilometers in the counties (cities) under its jurisdiction. The city's coastline is 2211 kilometers long, including 1371 kilometers of mainland coastline and 840 kilometers of island coastline.

topographic features

Dalian basic land

Chinese PinYin : Liao Ning Sheng Da Lian Shi