Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province

Zhenjiang Zhenjiang, formerly known as Jingkou, Runzhou and Nanxu, is a prefecture level city in Jiangsu Province, one of the 27 cities in the central area of the Yangtze River Delta, and an important port and scenic tourist city in the Yangtze River Delta approved by the State Council. As of 2018, the city has three districts and three county-level cities under its jurisdiction, with a total area of 3847 square kilometers, a built-up area of 179 square kilometers, a permanent resident population of 3196400 and an urban population of 2277200, with an urbanization rate of 71.2%.

Zhenjiang is located in East China and the south of Jiangsu Province. It is a member city of Nanjing metropolitan area and an important part of Yangtze River city group. It is an important traffic center in East China, with Nanjing in the west, Changzhou in the South and Yangzhou in the north. The Beijing Shanghai railway, Beijing Shanghai high-speed railway, Shanghai Nanjing high-speed railway, Shanghai Chengdu expressway, Yang Li expressway, 312 national highway, 104 National Highway and other major cities in China are the only intersection hub of the Yangtze River and the Beijing Hangzhou Grand Canal, and Zhenjiang port, the third largest port in the Yangtze River basin, connects the Yangtze River and the sea.

Zhenjiang is a famous historical and cultural city of China. It was called "Zhufang" in the spring and Autumn period, changed to "Guyang" in the Warring States period, called "Dantu" in the Qin Dynasty, and "Jingkou" in the Three Kingdoms period. In the Southern Dynasties and Song Dynasties, "Southern Xuzhou" was set up in Jingkou, and "Runzhou" was set up after the unification of the Sui Dynasty. Zhenjiang has been the capital of Jiangsu Province since the Northern Song Dynasty.

In 2019, the GDP of the whole year will reach 412.732 billion yuan, an increase of 5.8% in terms of comparable prices; the general public budget revenue will reach 30.685 billion yuan, an increase of 1.8% over the previous year.

Historical evolution

"Yi" is the earliest place name of Zhenjiang. It is the name of the territory granted to Yihou by King Kang of Zhou 3000 years ago. It was called Zhufang in the spring and Autumn period. Later, it was named Guyang, Dantu, Jingkou and Runzhou. Zhenjiang government was built in 1113, the third year of Zhenghe in the Northern Song Dynasty, which was named Zhenjiang at the beginning and went through song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.

After the success of the revolution of 1911, it was called Dantu County. In 1914, it was subordinate to Jinling Road, and in 1928, it was changed to Zhenjiang county. After the fall of Zhenjiang, the Communist Party of China led the people to establish the Anti Japanese base in southern Jiangsu and carry out the national revolution. By February 1949, Zhenjiang was the capital of Jiangsu Province. On April 20, 1949, the Chinese people's liberation army launched the campaign of crossing the Yangtze River, and Zhenjiang was liberated on April 23.

In April 1949, Zhenjiang county was divided into Zhenjiang City and Dantu County, belonging to Zhenjiang special office of Southern Jiangsu administrative office.

In 1953, Zhenjiang city was changed into Zhenjiang special district of Jiangsu Province, and Changzhou special district was abolished. The former Wujin, Liyang and Jintan counties were under the jurisdiction of Zhenjiang special district. Zhenjiang District has jurisdiction over Zhenjiang City and 11 cities and counties including Dantu, Yangzhong, Danyang, Jiangning, Jurong, Lishui, Wujin, Liyang, Jintan, Gaochun, etc., with its special office in Zhenjiang city.

In 1956, Wujin County was assigned to Suzhou special area, and Yixing County, which was originally assigned to Suzhou special area, was assigned to Zhenjiang special area. Yangzhong county was divided into Yangzhou district and then back to Zhenjiang District. Yizheng County, Liuhe County and Jiangpu County, which originally belonged to Yangzhou District, were divided into Zhenjiang District and then back to Yangzhou district. Zhenjiang District has jurisdiction over 10 counties.

In August 1958, Zhenjiang District was renamed Changzhou District, and the special office was moved from Zhenjiang city to Changzhou City. Changzhou and Zhenjiang, which were originally directly under the provincial government, were under the leadership of Changzhou special office. Jiangning County will be put under the leadership of Nanjing city. Dantu County was abolished and merged into Zhenjiang city. Wujin County, which originally belonged to Suzhou District, was included in Changzhou district. It has jurisdiction over 2 cities and 9 counties. In September 1959, Changzhou district was renamed Zhenjiang District, and the special office was moved from Changzhou City to Zhenjiang city. It has jurisdiction over Zhenjiang and Changzhou, and nine counties including Wujin, Yangzhong, Danyang, Jintan, Liyang, Yixing, Gaochun, Lishui and Jurong.

In 1960, Wujin County was under the leadership of Changzhou City. In 1962, Changzhou became a provincial city. Wujin County led by Changzhou City is under the leadership of Zhenjiang special office. Restore Dantu County. Jiangning County, formerly led by Nanjing City, was designated as Zhenjiang District. Zhenjiang District governs one city and 11 counties.

In 1970, Zhenjiang District was renamed Zhenjiang District, and its special office was located in Zhenjiang city. It has jurisdiction over Zhenjiang City and 11 counties in Dantu, Yangzhong, Danyang, Wujin, Yixing, Jintan, Liyang, Jiangning, Jurong, Lishui and Gaochun.

In 1971, Jiangning County was put under the leadership of Nanjing city. Zhenjiang Prefecture governs one city and 10 counties.

In March 1983, Zhenjiang city was changed into a province directly under the central government. Dantu, Danyang, Yangzhong and Jurong counties were assigned to Zhenjiang city.

administrative division

Division evolution

In March 1983, when Zhenjiang city was changed from a province directly under the central government, the urban area was divided into two municipal districts: urban area and suburban area. Zhenjiang has 4 counties and 2 districts.

In September 1986, Jinshan District and Beigu district were set up as county-level units in Zhenjiang city. Remoulding Jianbi District into Jianbi Town, under the direct leadership of the city. Abolish the original suburban system and set up suburban offices as the agency of the Municipal People's government. On August 17, Jinshan District and Beigu district were abolished and urban areas were set up in their original areas; suburban offices were abolished and suburban areas were set up, and the municipal Jianbi town was put under the leadership of suburban areas.

In October 1984, with the approval of Jiangsu Provincial People's government, the original urban area was renamed Jingkou District, and the suburban area was renamed Runzhou district.

In December 1987, with the approval of the State Council, Danyang county was abolished and Danyang City was established.

In October 1992, the administrative divisions of Runzhou district and Jingkou District of Zhenjiang City were adjusted, with the canal as the boundary, starting from pingzhengqiao in the north and ending at zhoujiahe bridge in the south.

In 1994, Yangzhong county was abolished and Yangzhong City was established in its original jurisdiction.

In 1995, Jurong county was abolished and Jurong City was established in its original jurisdiction.

On April 3, 2002, the State Council approved the abolition of Dantu County and the establishment of Dantu District in Zhenjiang City, with the former administrative region of Dantu County as the administrative region of Dantu District. The District People's government is located in Guyang town.

Zoning details

By the end of 2018, Zhenjiang has jurisdiction over three districts, three county-level cities and two functional areas, with a total of 56 towns (streets). Among them, there are 31 towns and 25 streets. Danyang City governs 10 towns and 2 streets; Jurong City governs 8 towns and 3 streets; Yangzhong City governs 4 towns and 2 streets; Dantu District governs 6 towns and 2 streets; Jingkou District governs 6 streets; Runzhou District governs 7 streets; Zhenjiang New District governs 3 towns and 2 streets; Zhenjiang high tech Zone governs 1 street.

geographical environment

Location context

Zhenjiang city is located in the southwest of Jiangsu Province, on the South Bank of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, with latitude of 31 ° 37 ′～ 32 ° 19 ′ N and longitude of 118 ° 58 ′～ 119 ° 58 ′ E. The maximum straight-line distance between East and West is 95.5 km, and that between North and south is 76.9 km. Changzhou in the southeast, Nanjing in the west, Yangzhou and Taizhou across the river in the north. The total land area of the city is 3847 square kilometers, accounting for 3.7% of the province. Among them, 1082 square kilometers are in the urban area, 1047 square kilometers in Danyang City, 1387 square kilometers in Jurong City and 331 square kilometers in Yangzhong City.

topographic features

The geomorphic trend of Zhenjiang city is high in the West and low in the East, high in the South and low in the north. Most of the area belongs to Ningzhen Maoshan low mountains and hills. The beaches along the river belong to the Yangtze River new delta plain area, and the southeast of Danyang belongs to Taihu Lake plain area. Ningzhen mountains are generally east-west, with 114 mountain tops, including 62 in the urban area, 45 in Jurong City and 7 in Danyang City. The main peak heights are 437 meters in Dahua mountain, 425.5 meters in Gaoli mountain, 396.4 meters in Baohua mountain, 349 meters in shilichang mountain and 306 meters in Wuzhou mountain. Maoshan mountains, with a slightly north-south trend, is the watershed between Qinhuai River system and Taihu Lake system. The main peak heights are: Yaji mountain 410.6 meters, Damao mountain 372.5 meters, Mashan mountain 362.8 meters, Wawu mountain 357 meters, Fangshan Mountain 307.6 meters and Liangmao mountain 307 meters. From west to East, there are Shiyezhou, Zhengrunzhou, Xinminzhou, hechangzhou (now Jiangxinzhou), shunjiangzhou (now Gaoqiao Town) and taipingzhou (now Yangzhong City).

The landform of Zhenjiang city is high in the South and low in the north. In the north, there are heart beach, Continental beach, edge beach and alluvial plain along the river, with an altitude of 5-10 meters. In the south of the urban area, there are low hills, such as Wuzhou mountain, shilichang mountain, Dongshan mountain, Huangshan Mountain, Guanyin Mountain, Jilong mountain, Moji mountain, etc. from west to East. In the eastern suburbs, there are scattered Ru mountain, Hengshan Mountain, Jingxian mountain, Yushan Mountain, etc. except Wuzhou mountain and shilichang mountain, which are more than 300 meters high, the other hills are between 100 meters and 200 meters high. In the urban area, there are isolated hills with a height of less than 100 meters, such as Jinshan, Jiaoshan, Beigu, Yuntai and Xiangshan. On the whole, there are three unique landforms, one water and one hill.

climate

Zhenjiang has a north subtropical monsoon climate. In 2018, the city's annual average temperature was 17.1 ℃, which was an abnormally high year; the annual average precipitation was 1222.3 mm (according to the statistics of meteorological observation points, the same below); the annual accumulated sunshine hours was 1912.7 hours. The annual average temperature of each station is 16.8 ℃ (Jurong) ～ 17.2 ℃ (Zhenjiang City and Danyang), which is 1.3 ℃ ～ 1.5 ℃ higher than that of the normal year, and the annual average temperature of Zhenjiang City and Danyang is 17.2 ℃. The annual average temperature of the whole city is 17.1 ℃, which is 1.4 ℃ higher than that of the normal year, and the anomaly degree is 2.01, which is the third extreme value in history. The spatial distribution of precipitation at all stations in the city is uneven, ranging from 1094.6 mm (Yangzhong) to 1373.7 mm (Jurong), 4.0% to 25.0% more than that in normal years. The annual average precipitation of the whole city is 1222.3 mm (according to the statistics of meteorological observation points, the same below), 12.6% more than the annual average, which is a normal year. The annual sunshine hours ranged from 1821.2 (Zhenjiang urban area) to 1989.9 (Jurong) hours, 204.5 hours less to 82.5 hours more than that in the same period of the year. The annual accumulated sunshine hours is 1912

Chinese PinYin : Jiang Su Sheng Zhen Jiang Shi