Anyang City, Henan Province

Anyang Anyang, a prefecture level city in Henan Province, was formerly known as Xiang, Yin, ye, Yecheng, yedU, Yejun, Xiangzhou, Zhangde, etc. it is located in North Central China, the northernmost part of Henan Province, at the junction of Henan, Shanxi and Hebei provinces, bordering Puyang in the East, Changzhi in the west, Hebi and Xinxiang in the south, and Handan in the north. By 2019, Anyang City has a total area of 7413 square kilometers, which governs four districts, one county-level city and four counties, with a permanent resident population of 5192200.

Anyang is one of the eight ancient capitals of China, the hometown of oracle bone inscriptions, the birthplace of Zhouyi, the birthplace of Hongqiqu spirit, a national historical and cultural city, and a regional central city at the junction of Henan, Shanxi and Hebei provinces. It is a city in the coordinated development zone around Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, and an important regional central city supported by the provincial Party committee and the provincial government. It will be reconfirmed as a national health city in 2018. On November 15, 2019, it was awarded the title of "National Forest City". In October 2020, it was rated as the national model city (county) of double support.

In 2020, the gross output value of Anyang City will reach 230.05 billion yuan, an increase of 3.3% over the previous year; the added value of the primary industry will reach 23.93 billion yuan, an increase of 1.9%; the added value of the secondary industry will reach 100.83 billion yuan, an increase of 4%; and the added value of the tertiary industry will reach 105.29 billion yuan, an increase of 2.8%.

In history, the Shang Dynasty, Cao Wei, Hou Zhao, ran Wei, Qian Yan, Dong Wei and Bei Qi established their capitals in Anyang, known as the "ancient capital of seven dynasties". There are many famous anecdotes, such as pan Geng's moving to Yin, Wu Ding's Zhongxing, slave Fu Shuo's worshiping prime minister, female general Fu Hao, King Wen's acting in the book of changes, ximenbao's joining Wu Zhiye, Lin Xiangru's birth in Guxiang village, xinlingjun's stealing Fu to save Zhao, Xiang Yu's breaking the boat, Cao Cao's rise in Yecheng, Han Qi, Prime Minister of the three dynasties, and Yue Fei, a famous general against Jin. When historian Guo Moruo came to Anyang, he left a famous poem: "the name of Anyang in Huan River is true, it was the capital of the emperor 3000 years ago; the Central Plains culture was founded in Yin Dynasty, which is better than reading ancient books.".

Historical evolution

As early as 25000 years ago, the ancestors lived here in the late Paleolithic age.

In the Xia Dynasty, Yinjia (also known as Kongjia) ascended the throne and established its capital in Xihe.

In the Shang Dynasty, around 1300 BC, pan Geng, king of the Shang Dynasty, also moved the capital to the alluvial fan edge of the Zhanghe and Huanhe rivers at the foot of the Taihang Mountains. Pan Geng, the king of Shang Dynasty, moved his capital here. After 255 years of eight dynasties and twelve kings, he created a splendid Chinese Shang civilization. The oracle bone inscriptions found in Yin Ruins are the ancestor of Chinese characters, which come down in one continuous line with modern Chinese characters. They are also one of the three ancient characters in the world. They have made great contributions to the development of Chinese civilization and even the world civilization

In the spring and Autumn period, Anyang first belonged to the state of Wei, then to the state of Jin; in the Warring States period, Anyang belonged to the state of Wei, then to the state of Zhao.

In the Warring States period, in December of the 50th year of King Zhaoxiang of Qin Dynasty (257 BC), the state of Qin mobilized more soldiers to stay near Fencheng. At that time, Wang continued to attack Handan, but still failed to conquer it. It happened that the reinforcements of various countries attacked Wang, and Wang retreated several times, and the emergency messengers went back and forth to the state of Qin. Wei Wuji led the reinforcements to defeat the Qin army in Handan City, so Wang Yi withdrew the Handan encirclement army, retreated, and turned to the garrison near Fencheng. Two months later, Han, Zhao and Wei formed a joint longitudinal army to approach Fencheng again in an attempt to prevent Wang from attacking from Fencheng to the East. Unexpectedly, Wang took the lead to attack the joint longitudinal army, beheaded 6000 people, and the joint longitudinal army fled to the south. Wang ran all the way to the Yellow River, and another 20000 people died in the Yellow River. Another Zhao army took advantage of Wang's eastward advance to capture Fen City, so Wang attacked Fen City, and then followed Zhang Tang to capture ningxinzhong, the city of Zhao state, and changed its name to Anyang.

After the unification of the six states, Qin implemented the system of prefectures and counties, which divided the world into 36 counties. Today, Anyang City is under the jurisdiction of Hanoi county and Handan county. Anyang County was established within the jurisdiction.

In the early Western Han Dynasty, Anyang County was abolished and merged into dangyin County, which was not reset until the Western Jin Dynasty. The area under the jurisdiction of Anyang City is Hanoi County in the West and Wei County in the East. From the Eastern Han Dynasty to the unification of the Western Jin Dynasty, Hanoi county was under the jurisdiction of Sili Xiaowei department, while Wei county was under the jurisdiction of Jizhou.

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, it belonged to Yuan Shao's sphere of influence. In the ninth year of Jian'an (204), Cao Cao defeated Yuan Shao, conquered ye (now North of Anyang) and rebuilt Ye City, making it the actual political, economic and cultural center of the Eastern Han Dynasty; in the 18th year of Jian'an (213), Cao Cao became the king of Wei, and established the capital of Wei here; in the first year of Yankang (220), Cao Pi replaced Han Dynasty, moved the capital to Luoyang, and ye was still the companion capital, one of the "five capitals". At this time, the area under the jurisdiction of Anyang City is still under the jurisdiction of Wei county (Zhiye) and Hanoi county.

In the Western Jin Dynasty, it belonged to Wei county (tong8 county), and Linwu county (now Linzhou city) belonged to Ji county. During the Sixteen States period, it was still under the jurisdiction of Wei county. At the same time, Ye has become the capital of later Zhao, ran Wei and former Yan.

In 401, Emperor Daowu of the Northern Wei Dynasty established Xiangzhou in Ye. At this time, Ye has become the three-level governance of Xiangzhou, Weijun and Ye County. In the early years of the Eastern Wei Dynasty, ye became the capital of the Eastern Wei Dynasty. Anyang County and dangyin county were merged into Ye County. In July of the eighth year of Wuding (550), Gao Yang (the second son of Gao Huan) usurped Wei and changed the name of the state to "Qi", still the capital of Ye. The rule of the Northern Qi Dynasty was extremely brutal, and then it was destroyed in the Northern Zhou Dynasty in 577. During the reign of emperor Jing of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Yang Jian was the assistant minister. In the second year of Xiangxiang (580) of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Yang Jian, the Duke and Prime Minister of Sui Dynasty, suppressed Wei chijun, the general manager of Xiangzhou (now Anyang), who was not satisfied with himself. In order to prevent the resurgence of anti Yang forces in Hebei Province, he ordered the fire to burn Ye City. Xiangzhou, Wei County, Ye County and all the residents moved to Anyang City. Since then, Anyang City has replaced Yecheng as the political, economic and cultural center of this area, and become the new Yecheng. Anyang County has been renamed Yexian, and the original Yexian is located in Lingzhi county.

In 583, Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty abolished all the counties in the world and implemented a two-level system of prefectures and counties. Anyang City was the seat of Xiangzhou and ye counties. In 590, the administrative office of Ye County was moved back to the original Ye County, and the system of Anyang County was restored. In the first year of Daye (605), Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty abolished the prefectures and implemented the two-level system of prefectures and counties, abolished Xiangzhou, saved Weijun, governed Anyang and LED 11 counties. The Wagang army uprising led by zhairang and Li mi was an important part of the peasant uprising at the end of Sui Dynasty.

In 618, the first year of Wude, Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty, Wei county was changed into Xiangzhou and eight counties were led. In the first year of Zhenguan (627), Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty divided the world into ten roads, and Xiangzhou was subordinate to Hebei road. From 742 to 758, Xiangzhou was once renamed "Yejun". During the Anshi rebellion, Anyang City was a big battlefield. Years of war caused serious damage to agricultural production and brought great disaster to the people. In the first year of Baoying (762), Li Shi, King Yong of Tang Dynasty, crusaded against Shi Chaoyi (son of Shi Siming) who was stationed in Xiangzhou. Shi Chaoyi's Department, Xue Song (grandson of Xue Rengui), surrendered to Li Baoyu, envoy of Tang Jiedu. In the Tang Dynasty, Zhaoyi army was set up in Xiangzhou and other six prefectures, and Xue Song was appointed as the Jiedu envoy of Zhaoyi army to govern Xiangzhou. At the end of Tang Dynasty, Xiangzhou was under the jurisdiction of Wei Bo Jiedushi. At the beginning of the Qianyuan period, the emperor suzong of Tang Dynasty was at the end of the Anshi rebellion. He set up the Wei Bo army in Weizhou and Bozhou, and Tian Chengsi was the governor of the Wei Bo Festival.

In the early Song Dynasty, Xiangzhou was subordinate to the West Road of Hebei Province, and placed the Zhangde army.

In 1192, Xiangzhou was promoted to Zhangde Prefecture, leading 5 counties (4 counties). From the Yuan Dynasty to the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, "Zhangde Fu" was replaced by "Zhangde Lu", which was directly subordinate to Zhongshu province.

In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it belonged to Henan Province, and was restored to "Zhangde mansion". Linzhang county is under the jurisdiction of Zhangde prefecture (now Anyang City), Henan Province. During the Qianlong period, seven counties including Linzhang, Shexian, Wu'an, Anyang, Neihuang, Tangyin and Linxian (now Linzhou city) were under the jurisdiction of Zhangde Prefecture.

At the beginning of the Republic of China, Anyang was still the seat of Zhangde government. In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), Zhangde Prefecture was changed to Anyang County, belonging to Yubei road in Henan Province (in the third year of the Republic of China (1914), it was changed to Hebei Road). In 1927, the Dao level administrative region was abolished, and Anyang County was directly under the central government of Henan Province.

On the eve of the founding of the people's Republic of China, Zhangnan County originally belonged to Anyang District of Henan Province. After liberation in 1949, Zhangnan county was divided into Anyang County, Linzhang county and Wei county. On May 6, 1949, the Chinese people's Liberation Army liberated Anyang and established Anyang City. On August 1, Pingyuan province was established, and Anyang City was under the jurisdiction of the province. On November 30, 1952, Pingyuan province was abolished, and Anyang City returned to Henan Province and remained a provincial city. After the founding of new China, Linzhang county was transferred to Hebei Province. In 1983, the State Council decided to put Anyang County, Lin County, Jun County, Tangyin county and Qi county under the jurisdiction of Anyang City, implementing the system of city leading county. In February 1986, Henan Province adjusted its administrative divisions. Qi county and Jun county were assigned to Hebi City, and Neihuang County and Hua county of Puyang City were assigned to Anyang City.

administrative division

By the end of 2018, Anyang City has jurisdiction over one county-level city (Linzhou city), four counties (Anyang County, Neihuang County, Tangyin county and Hua county), and four municipal districts (Wenfeng District, Beiguan District, Yindu District and Long'an District).

In addition, there is an urban-rural integration demonstration zone (Anyang New Area), a national high-tech Industrial Development Zone (Anyang high tech Industrial Development Zone) and a national economic and Technological Development Zone (Hongqiqu national economic and Technological Development Zone).

It includes 35 townships, 57 towns, 43 sub district offices, 218 community neighborhood committees (including 30 communities in Linzhou city) and 3285 administrative villages.

The total area is 7413 square kilometers, of which the urban area is 655.8 square kilometers. Anyang Municipal People's government is located in the middle of Zhonghua Road, Antong new district.

geographical environment

Location context

Anyang City is located in the northernmost part of Henan Province, with the geographic coordinates of 35 ° 41 ′ - 36 ° 21 ′, 113 ° 21 ′, and the east longitude

Chinese PinYin : He Nan Sheng An Yang Shi