Tangshan City, Hebei Province

Tangshan, referred to as "Tang", is a prefecture level city in Hebei Province, which is a comprehensive pilot area of building a new open economic system. Located in the east of Hebei Province, northeast of North China Plain, bordering Bohai Sea in the south, Yanshan Mountain in the north and Beijing Tianjin in the vicinity, it is the throat of North China and northeast passage, with a total area of 13472 square kilometers. It is an integral part of China (Tangshan) cross border e-commerce comprehensive pilot zone and China (Hebei) free trade pilot zone.

Tangshan was named after Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, who was stationed in Koguryo during his eastward expedition. It is known as the "porcelain capital of the north". Here was born China's first mechanized coal mining mine, the first standard gauge railway, the first steam locomotive and the first barrel of machine-made cement. Tangshan is the birthplace of China's Pingju, known as the "three flowers of Eastern Hebei", shadow puppet, Pingju and leting Dagu are national intangible cultural heritage.

In 2019, Tangshan City governs 7 municipal districts, 3 county-level cities and 4 counties, with a permanent resident population of 7.964 million and a GDP of 689 billion yuan, of which the added value of the primary industry is 53.12 billion yuan, the added value of the secondary industry is 361.33 billion yuan, the added value of the tertiary industry is 274.55 billion yuan, and the added value structure of the tertiary industry is 7.7:52.4:39.9. According to the resident population, the annual per capita GDP is 86667 yuan (US $12563 at the annual average exchange rate).

Historical evolution

The origin of place names

In the 19th year of Tang Zhenguan (645), Emperor Taizong Li Shimin led his army to the Korean Peninsula and passed through Tangshan on his way back. His beloved concubine, Cao Fei, died of illness. Li Shimin read his beloved concubine and gave the surname of Tang to the mountain, hence the name of Tangshan.

History of construction

In the Paleolithic age, there were ancestors who lived and multiplied in Tangshan, including the Zhaocun site and Mengjiaquan site.

In Shang Dynasty, it belonged to Guzhu state and Shanrong state.

The Warring States period is the land of Yan.

In the Han Dynasty, it belonged to Youzhou.

Tang Dynasty belongs to Pingzhou and Jizhou.

Liao and Jin dynasties belong to Nanjing Road, Zhongdu road and Beijing road.

Yuan, Zhongshu Province, Dadu Road, Yongping Road.

Ming Dynasty belongs to shuntianfu, yongpingfu and Zunhua Prefecture.

In Qing Dynasty, it belonged to Yongping Prefecture of Zhili Province and Zhili Prefecture of Zunhua.

In 1877, Qiaotun town was built.

In 1878, Qiaotou village was upgraded to Qiaotou town, parallel to Kaiping town.

In the 24th year of Guangxu (1898), because there was "Tangshan" in the north of Qiaotou town, it was renamed Tangshan town, which was the beginning of the administrative name of Tangshan.

In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), the administrative system of the Qing Dynasty was adopted.

In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), all the prefectures and prefectures were called counties. Tangshan belonged to Bohai Road, which was later changed to Jinhai Road.

In 1924, seven counties were assigned to Fengtian province. In December of the next year, the above seven counties returned to Zhili Province.

In 1925, the Beijing provisional government ordered Tangshan to set up a city, but Duan Qirui's government collapsed before the establishment of the municipal government.

In 1933, according to the Tanggu agreement, Eastern Hebei was divided into "non armed area", and Tangshan area was divided into "Luan (county) Yu (Linyu county) district" and "Ji (county) mi (Yun) district". In July of the same year, the national government set up "luanyu administrative inspector office" and "Jimi administrative inspector office" respectively in Eastern Hebei Province, which had jurisdiction over 13 counties and all counties.

In 1935, Yin rugeng, the administrative inspector of luanyu and Jimi districts, merged the two districts and established the puppet Jidong anti Communist autonomous Committee on November 25. One month later, it was reorganized into the puppet Jidong anti Communist autonomous government, which governed 22 counties. The puppet regime moved from Tongxian to Tangshan in August 1937.

On January 28, 1938, in view of Tangshan's special economic and political status, the puppet Jidong anti communist government ordered Tangshan to set up a city, which was initially called "Tangshan Municipal government" and later renamed "Tangshan Municipal Office".

On July 1, 1944, the "administrative office of Jidong special region" was established in Tangshan by the puppet public order Army (appeasement Army).

After Japan announced its surrender, the Kuomintang in Beiping sent officers to take over the puppet regime, set up the office of the inspector general, and established the Tangshan police station directly under the Hebei provincial government.

From October 1945 to April 1946, there was no municipal government in Tangshan. All government affairs were managed by the office of the inspector general and Tangshan police station.

In April 1946, the 132nd meeting of Hebei Provincial Government Committee approved the establishment of Tangshan city. On May 5 of the same year, Tangshan Municipal government was established.

On December 12, 1948, Tangshan was liberated.

On December 15, 1984, the State Council approved Tangshan as one of the 13 "big cities" in China.

administrative division

Division evolution

In October 1949, Tangshan city was still under the jurisdiction of Hebei Province, which was divided into 12 districts, and Tangshan special district governed 13 counties.

In May 1950, districts 1 and 5 were merged into one district, districts 11 and 12 were merged into five districts, and districts 7, 8, 9 and 10 were abolished and merged into seven districts. On July 11, 1951, eight districts were established. In July 1952, nine districts and ten districts were established.

In July 1954, LUANNAN COUNTY was abolished and merged into Luanxian County; Fengnan county was abolished and merged into Fengrun county and Luanxian County, and Fengrun county government moved to xugezhuang; Linyu county was abolished and merged into Funing County and Qinhuangdao city.

In March 1955, the second session of the first Tangshan Municipal People's Congress changed the Tangshan Municipal People's government into the Tangshan Municipal People's Committee, and the jurisdiction remained unchanged. On the 25th, the first and fourth districts were merged into Lubei District; the second and sixth districts were merged into Lunan district; the third and eighth districts were merged into beiziyuan district; the ninth and tenth districts were merged into Wali district; the Fifth District was renamed as Guanyao District, and the seventh district was renamed as dongkuang district.

On October 8, 1956, Lubei District and Lunan district were merged into the urban area; beiziyuan district and Wali district were merged into the suburb; the east mining area was renamed as the mining area; the Guanyao district was withdrawn and merged into the suburb and urban area.

In March 1955, the second session of the first Tangshan Municipal People's Congress changed the Tangshan Municipal People's government into the Tangshan Municipal People's Committee, and the jurisdiction remained unchanged.

On April 28, 1958, the State Council approved Tangshan city to be led by Tangshan special district. On August 29 of the same year, the seventh session of the first people's Congress of Hebei Province decided that the residence of Tangshan High Commissioner's office should be moved from Changli County to Tangshan City, and Tongxian special district should be abolished. Pinggu County, Jixian County, Sanhe County, Xianghe County and Dachang County belong to Tangshan special district; Ninghe county and Baodi County belong to Tangshan special district Mountain area. Tangshan and Qinhuangdao are under the leadership of Tangshan special office. On June 28 of the same year, the station of Tangshan special area was moved from Changli County to Tangshan city. On October 20, Pinggu County was put under the jurisdiction of Beijing Municipality. On December 20 of the same year, Sanhe county was abolished and merged into Jixian County; Ninghe county was abolished and merged into Tianjin city and Yutian County; Fengrun county was abolished and merged into Tangshan City (Fengrun district was established), Yutian County and leting County; Luan county was abolished and merged into Tangshan City (luanzhou District was established) and leting County; Qianxi county was abolished and merged into Qian'an county and Zunhua County; Lulong County was abolished and merged into Changli County and Qian'an County; and Funing County was merged into Qinhuangdao City and Changli County; Xianghe County was abolished and merged into Baodi County.

On January 5, 1959, urban areas, suburbs and mining areas were abolished, and Xishan District, dahongqiao District, Kaiping District and east mining area were established. On October 8, bogezhuang farm was changed into bogezhuang District, belonging to Tangshan city.

On June 3, 1959, the CPC Central Committee decided that Tangshan was one of the 45 open cities in China. On June 8, the CPC Hebei Provincial Committee and Hebei People's Committee decided to merge Tangshan special office and Tangshan people's Committee to establish Tangshan people's Committee.

On January 7, 1960, luanzhou district and Fengrun district were abolished and Luanxian county and Fengrun county were established, belonging to Tangshan city.

On April 2, the State Council officially approved the cancellation of Tangshan special area. The former Tangshan special area was under the jurisdiction of Qinhuangdao City, Qian'an County, Changli County, leting County, Baodi County, Yutian County, Jixian County and Zunhua county. After the cancellation of Tangshan special area, Luan county, Fengrun county (formerly under the municipal jurisdiction) and bogezhuang farm were actually under the jurisdiction of Tangshan city. At the same time, Tangshan city was changed into a provincial city.

On April 21, Baodi County and Jixian County were assigned to Tianjin city, and Hangu district was assigned to Tangshan city. On May 10, the suburbs were abolished and merged into the urban area and the east mining area. On May 26, Hangu district was abolished and Hangu city was established under the leadership of Tangshan city.

On May 23, 1961, with the approval of the State Council, the system of Tangshan special district was restored. On June 1 of the same year, the 14th meeting of the people's Committee of Hebei Province passed the resolution of restoring Tangshan special district. Tangshan special district and Tangshan City were separated, and Tangshan city was changed into a city under special jurisdiction. Under the leadership of Tangshan special office, five counties of Qianxi, Lulong, Funing, Fengnan and Ninghe were restored.

In January 1962, the urban area was abolished and four districts, Xishan, Lunan, Hebin and Kaiping, were established.

On August 1, 1962, Ninghe county was assigned to Tianjin special area.

On October 20, 1962, LUANNAN COUNTY was restored, and Hangu city was changed into Tianjin city.

On April 7, 1963, Xishan District and Hebin district were abolished and Lubei District was established.

On July 27, 1966, Kaiping District was abolished and suburbs were established.

On January 6, 1968, the Tangshan special area was changed into the Tangshan area, and the Tangshan Revolutionary Committee was established, which was subordinate to the Tangshan regional Revolutionary Committee.

On March 11, 1978, Tangshan City in Tangshan area was changed into a provincial city. On September 23 of the same year, Kailuan industrial and agricultural new area was established.

On February 4, 1980, Kailuan industrial and agricultural new area was abolished and merged into suburban and eastern mining areas. On March 17, the suburb was renamed Kaiping

Chinese PinYin : He Bei Sheng Tang Shan Shi