Chizhou Anhui

Chizhou is a prefecture level city in Anhui Province and one of the 27 cities in the central area of the Yangtze River Delta. It is an important riverside port city in the Yangtze River Basin, a national model city of double support and a national forest city. By 2019, the city has jurisdiction over one district and three counties: Guichi District, Dongzhi County, Shitai County and Qingyang County. With a total area of 8271.7 square kilometers and a permanent resident population of 1.485 million.

Chizhou City is located in East China, in the south of Anhui Province, on the South Bank of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. It faces Anqing city across the river in the north, Huangshan City in the south, Jiujiang City in Jiangxi Province in the southwest, Wuhu City, Tongling City and Xuancheng City in the East and northeast respectively. Jiuhua Mountain is one of the four famous Buddhist mountains in China.

Chizhou is known as "a place of poets for thousands of years". Celebrities Li Bai, Du Mu, Tao Yuanming, Su Shi, Yue Fei of all ages have visited Chizhou and left precious cultural treasures. At the same time, there are a number of national intangible cultural heritages, such as Guichi Nuo opera, the living fossil of Chinese drama, qingyangqiang, the originator of Peking Opera, and Dongzhi Huadeng, as well as the long-standing Buddhist culture and tea culture. It is also known as the "natural oxygen bar", with a forest coverage rate of nearly 60%, a stable atmospheric environment quality in the forefront of Anhui Province, and the water quality of the main rivers above excellent and good The content of negative oxygen ion in the air is 35 times of the national standard. In 2013, it won the "China living environment award", and in 2019, it won the most ecologically competitive city in China. In October 2020, it was rated as the national model city (county) of double support.

Historical evolution

During the Xia and Shang Dynasties, there was no research on the establishment of the city's internal affairs district. In the Zhou Dynasty, the world was divided into nine states according to the mountains and rivers, and Chizhou belonged to Yangzhou. After the unification of China by Qin Dynasty, the two-level administrative system of counties and prefectures was implemented. Most of Chizhou city belonged to Zhangjun County of Yangzhou, and the southwest belonged to Poyang County of Jiujiang county.

In the Western Han Dynasty, most of the city was in Zhangjun. In the second year of Yuanfeng (109 BC), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty changed Zhang county into Danyang county. Today, Guichi City, Qingyang County, Shidai county and most of Dongzhi County belong to Danyang county. The southwest part of the area, now east to the county, belongs to Poyang County of Yuzhang county.

From the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Three Kingdoms, Chizhou belonged to Danyang County of Wu state. Danyang county belongs to Yangzhou.

In the western and Eastern Jin Dynasties, Chizhou belonged to Xuancheng county and Yuzhang County of Yangzhou. In the first year of Yuankang (291), Emperor Huidi of the Western Jin Dynasty, Yuzhang Prefecture was changed to Jiangzhou, and Chizhou belonged to Jiangzhou Yuzhang Prefecture.

In the Southern Dynasty (Song Dynasty), it belonged to Xuancheng Prefecture of Yangzhou first, then Xuancheng Prefecture and Huainan Prefecture. The Southern Qi Dynasty belongs to Xuancheng County of Southern Yuzhou. Liang, Yangzhou Xuancheng county. Chen belongs to Xuancheng county and Beijiang Prefecture of Southern Henan.

Sui, kaihuang three years (583 years) to strike the county, to state the county; Sui Yangdi Daye three years (607 years) to change the state to county, to county. In the Sui Dynasty, Chizhou successively belonged to Xuanzhou and Xuancheng counties.

Chizhou was established in the fourth year of Wude (621) of Tang Dynasty, and Shicheng was ruled by Chizhou. It was withdrawn in the first year of Zhenguan (627), and its territory was subordinate to Xuanzhou. Chizhou belongs to Xuanzhou. In the first year of Tang Tianbao (742), the state was changed into a county, and Chizhou was originally called Qiupu county. The notes of "Qiupu county" in Tongdian: "Chizhou is divided into Xuanzhou and set up a county"; the evolution table of Guichi County by Liu Shiheng in Qing Dynasty: "Chizhou is Qiupu County, which is the name of Tianbao period in Tang Dynasty". In the first year of Tang Yongtai (765), Chizhou was reestablished and subordinate to Xuanzhou observation envoy. The governor of Chizhou moved from Shicheng to yuguikou (now Chizhou special office). During the reign of Tang Yuanhe (806-820), Chizhou was changed into Chiyang county. In 1899, Liu Shiheng's history of Guichi County said: "Chizhou is Chiyang county. In Song Dynasty, Yu Di Guang Ji and Tai Ping Huan Yu Ji all said that it was because of the old Tang Dynasty, but it didn't begin in what year of Tang Dynasty." the name of Chiyang county must stand between Yongtai and Yuanhe

During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, Chizhou first belonged to Yang Wu and then to the Southern Tang Dynasty. In 938, Chizhou was changed into Kanghua army.

In the Song Dynasty, Chizhou was established as Chiyang county. In the history of Song Dynasty, geography records: "Chizhou, Chiyang County, Lingxian six.". In 997, Chiyang County of Chizhou belonged to Jiangnan East Road, and in the early years of Shaoxing belonged to Jiangnan Road.

In 1277, Chizhou was promoted to Chizhou Road, which was subordinate to Jianghuai and Jiangzhe provinces.

In Ming Dynasty, Chizhou was divided into jiuhuafu, Huayang Fu, Chizhou Fu and Zhili Nanjing.

Qing Dynasty is like Ming Dynasty. Chizhou Prefecture is subordinate to Jiangnan buzhengsi, Jiangnan left buzhengsi and Anhui buzhengsi successively.

During the period of the Republic of China, in 1914, Chizhou Prefecture was abolished, and the county under the former Chizhou Prefecture was divided into Wuhu Road. Wuhu Road was abandoned in 17 years of the Republic of China, and each county was directly under Anhui Province. From 1932 to 1938, the eighth administrative supervision district of Anhui Province was established. The Commissioner's office was located in Guichi County, which was directly under the jurisdiction of Anhui Province.

In May 1949, Chizhou district was established under the South Anhui people's administrative office, which is located in Guichi county.

From February 1952 to may 1965, Chizhou district was abolished and counties under its jurisdiction were divided into anqing District, Huizhou District and Wuhu district.

From May 1965 to January 1980, Chizhou district was established, directly under Anhui Province.

From January 1980 to August 1988, Chizhou district was abolished and counties under its jurisdiction were merged into anqing District, Xuancheng district and Huizhou District.

In August 1988, Chizhou Prefecture was reestablished under the jurisdiction of Anhui Province.

In June 2000, the land was removed and the city was established, governing Guichi District, Dongzhi County, Qingyang County and Shitai County.

administrative division

By 2019, Chizhou City has one municipal district (Guichi District) and three counties (Dongzhi County, Shitai County and Qingyang County).

geographical environment

Location context

Chizhou is located in the south of Anhui Province, 116 ° 38 ′ e to 108 ° 05 ′ e, 29 ° 33 ′ n to 30 ° 51 ′ n. It is adjacent to Tongling in the East, Huangshan in the south, Anqing across the river in the north, Lushan in the west, Jiujiang, Jingdezhen and Shangrao in Jiangxi Province.

topographic features

In the southeast of Chizhou, Jiuhua Mountain and Guniujiang mountain are the main body of the southern mountainous area, which is a part of the southern Anhui mountainous area. In the middle of Chizhou, there are hills alternating with hills. In the northwest of Chizhou, there are polders along the river. The terrain is low and flat, and rivers and lakes crisscross.

Geotectonically, Chizhou is located in the northeast of the Yangtze platform. According to the differences of stratigraphy, tectonics and magmatism, it can be divided into three secondary structural units: Jiangnan uplift in the south of Dongzhi County, lower Yangtze depression in the north of Guichi District and Qingyang County, and Zhetai depression in the south of Anhui Province. Under the influence of crustal movement, a series of folds and faults were formed. The strata are well developed and exposed from Archean to Cenozoic. The intense magmatic activities of Indosinian and Yanshanian in Chizhou City led to a series of basement faults and frequent magmatic intrusions, forming a series of diagenetic and metallogenic series with tectonomagmatic belt as the main body.

climatic conditions

The climate is warm, with four distinct seasons, sufficient rainfall, sufficient light and long frost free period, which belongs to warm humid subtropical monsoon climate. The annual average temperature is 16.5 ° C, the average annual precipitation is 1400-2200mm, the average annual sunshine rate is 45%, the average annual frost free period is 220 days, the longest is 286 days.

natural resources

water resource

The topography of Chizhou City is high in the southeast and low in the northwest. It is ladder distribution from south to north. The water surface of rivers and lakes is 348.4 square kilometers, accounting for 4% of the total area. The Yangtze River flows through Chizhou for 145 km, with a coastline of 162 km, from Pengze County in Jiangxi Province to Niuji County in the East, and to Qingtong estuary in Tongling City. There are three water systems and ten rivers in the territory. The Yangtze River system includes Yaodu River, HuangFei River, Qiupu River, Baiyang River, Datong River and Jiuhua River; the Qingyi River system includes Qingxi River, Lingyang River and Laba River; the Poyang Lake system includes Longquan River. There are seven rivers with a drainage area of more than 500 square kilometers and a river length of 618 km. Among them, Qiupu river is the longest river in the territory, with a drainage area of 3019 square kilometers and a river length of 149km. Chizhou City is rich in surface water resources. The total water resources of Chizhou City is 10.305 billion cubic meters, accounting for 11% of the total water resources of Anhui Province. The per capita water resources are 7506.60 cubic meters, which are 4 times and 2 times of the average level of Anhui Province and the whole country respectively.

mineral resources

By 2008, Chizhou is rich in mineral resources with many kinds. More than 40 kinds of minerals have been discovered, and 32 kinds of minerals with proven reserves have been discovered. There are more than 300 mines. The main minerals are lead, zinc, copper, manganese, silver, gold, pyrite, molybdenum, tungsten, limestone, dolomite, calcite, granite, etc.

Biological resources

Chizhou is located in a sub hot and humid climate, where typical subtropical plant communities are complete and well-developed. It is a transition zone from evergreen broad-leaved forest to deciduous forest. There are evergreen broad-leaved forest, evergreen deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest, deciduous broad-leaved forest, coniferous forest, bamboo forest, and some cultivated subtropical economic trees. There are 1557 species of higher seed plants belonging to 676 genera of 153 families in Chizhou City (including 1430 species in wild and 127 species in cultivated), among which 26 species are under the state and provincial key protection.

By 2005, Chizhou city had 6.819 million mu of forest land, 21.63 million cubic meters of standing trees, 420 thousand mu of bamboo forest, 109.42 million trees, and 57% of forest coverage. Among the existing forest lands, 4.461 million mu are timber forest, 93 thousand mu are economic forest, 17 thousand mu are fuel forest, 1.933 million mu are protective forest and 315 thousand mu are special-purpose forest. The area of fir is 1.43 million mu, with a total volume of 7.04 million cubic meters; the area of pine is 1.43 million mu, with a total volume of 5.91 million cubic meters; the area of broadleaf is 3.43 million mu, with a total volume of 8.3 million cubic meters. Chizhou City defined 1.6 million mu of national public welfare forest, and included it in the pilot project of forest ecological benefit subsidy fund. Establish a national natural environment

Chinese PinYin : An Hui Sheng Chi Zhou Shi