Ma'anshan City, Anhui Province

Ma'anshan, Ma'anshan for short, is a prefecture level city under the jurisdiction of Anhui Province and one of the 27 cities in the central area of the Yangtze River Delta. It is one of the core cities of the Wanjiang economic belt, an emerging immigrant city, an important node city of the international tourism and culture demonstration zone in Southern Anhui, a national model city of double support, a national civilized city, a national forest city and a national health city. It is also the "fourth global outsourcing city" China software and service outsourcing conference.

Ma'anshan originally belonged to Dangtu County. In October 1956, Ma'anshan was established as a city with the approval of the State Council. Because Ma'anshan exists in the territory, Ma'anshan is named as a city directly under the central government of the province. In June 1983, Dangtu County was designated as a county under the jurisdiction of Ma'anshan City. Ma'anshan City is located in East China. It borders on the east of Anhui Province, the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing city of Jiangsu Province in the East, Chuzhou City in the north, Hefei city and Wuhu City in the west, and Xuancheng City in the south. It has a total area of 4049 square kilometers and a permanent population of 2.361 million.

In January 2020, "China's urban science and technology innovation development index 2019" was released, and Ma'anshan ranked 48th.

In August 2020, the magazine "China Customs" sponsored by the General Administration of Customs of the people's Republic of China published "China's top 100 foreign trade cities in 2019", ranking Ma'anshan 31st.

In 2020, Ma'anshan will achieve a GDP of 218.69 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 4.2%.

Historical evolution

The name of Ma'anshan City comes from history. It is said that during the Chu Han war, Xiang Yu, the overlord of Chu, was trapped in Cuan and besieged on all sides. He retreated to Wujiang River in Hexian County, and asked the fisherman to ferry his beloved mount wuzhuima to the other side. Later, he felt ashamed to see Jiangdong and his father, and he committed suicide. Wu zhuima missed his master, tumbled and killed himself. The saddle fell to the ground and turned into a mountain. Ma'anshan got its name from this. Some people say that it is because there are mountains with the same topography as Ma'an. In the existing local historical materials of Ma'anshan City, the earliest recorded name of Ma'anshan is Taiping Fu Zhi · Yu Di Zhi of Ming Dynasty: Ma'anshan is located in Cihu port, northwest of Fucheng. The old shrine was built in the second year of chiwu.

Ma'anshan belonged to the state of Wu in the Western Zhou Dynasty. During the spring and Autumn period and Warring States period, Ma'anshan belonged to the state of Yue and Chu. From Qin Dynasty to the Western Jin Dynasty, Ma'anshan belonged to Danyang county (now Danyang Town, Dangtu County).

In the fourth year of Xianhe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (329), the refugees in Dangtu County (now Huaiyuan County, Anhui Province) on the Bank of the Huaihe River moved to the south, so they set up Dangtu County in Nanling. The name of Dangtu County began to appear in the south of the Yangtze River, but it was not an entity county.

Yonghe first year (345), Jiangbei Yuzhou (now Southeast Henan, Eastern Hubei) overseas Chinese in niuzhu (now quarrying).

In the first year of Liang Tianjian (502) of the Southern Dynasty, Danyang county was divided into Danyang county and Danyang county.

In the ninth year of kaihuang (589) of Sui Dynasty, the overseas Chinese settled in Dangtu County in the south of Anhui Province and moved to Gushu town (now Dangtu Chengguan town). This is the beginning of Gushu as Dangtu County, and it has not changed so far.

In 977, Taiping Prefecture was set up in the second year of Taiping's rejuvenation of the state in the Northern Song Dynasty, which governed gushucheng and governed Dangtu, Wuhu and Fanchang counties.

In Yuan Dynasty, Taiping Prefecture was changed into Taiping Road. In 1355, Zhu Yuanzhang led the uprising army to capture Dangtu, and changed Taiping Road into Taiping mansion, which governed the county as usual. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the government's subordination remained unchanged.

In 1912, the revolution of 1911 was successful, and the government left the county. Dangtu County is directly under Anhui Province. Wuhu Road was set up in 1914, and Dangtu belongs to Wuhu Road. In 1928, Dao was abolished and still in Zhili Anhui Province. During the war of resistance against Japan, the people's Army established the Wanjiang Anti Japanese base area, striving to develop itself and strike the enemy.

On January 29, 1949, Hanshan was liberated. On January 30, Hexian county was liberated. On the evening of April 20, the Chinese people's liberation army launched the campaign of crossing the Yangtze River. The Kuomintang garrison in xiliangshan fled, and the northern part of the Yangtze River in Maanshan was completely liberated. On the evening of April 22, most of the Kuomintang garrison in the south of Ma'anshan fled; on April 24, the fifth military division of the Jianghuai military region crossed the river from Hexian county to Ma'anshan mining area, entered Wannan power plant and Ma'anshan branch, and Dangtu was liberated.

In February 1954, Ma'anshan town was set up under Dangtu County.

In August 1955, Ma'anshan mining area government (county level) was set up under Wuhu district.

On October 12, 1956, the State Council approved the establishment of Ma'anshan as a provincial city. During this period, Dangtu County was subordinate to Wuhu district and Xuancheng district.

In July 1983, Dangtu County (except Daqiao township) was designated as Ma'anshan City. County and county under the jurisdiction of the ancient name of Liyang, because the "County South Lishui" and named.

On August 22, 2011, Hanshan county and He county (excluding Shenxiang town) under the jurisdiction of Chaohu City were put under the jurisdiction of Maanshan city.

In 2012, Jinjiazhuang district and Huashan district were abolished, and a new Huashan district was established; Bowang district was established, and three towns of Bowang, Danyang and Xinshi in Dangtu County were put under the jurisdiction of Bowang district.

administrative division

By the end of 2019, Ma'anshan City has three municipal districts and three counties. The municipal government is located at No. 2008, Taibai Avenue.

geographical environment

geographical position

Ma'anshan is located in the east of Anhui Province, across both sides of the Yangtze River, adjacent to Nanjing and Hefei, two capital cities. In addition to Hefei, Ma'anshan is also adjacent to Wuhu, Xuancheng, Chuzhou and other cities, with a total area of 4049 square kilometers.

topographic features

Ma'anshan City is located in the lower part of the lacustrine and alluvial plain area in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the middle south part of the Ningwu fault basin. It is a geomorphic combination of banded and scattered low-level hills, broad and flat accumulation terraces and flat river lake plain. The overall terrain of Ma'anshan City is relatively flat, slightly higher in the north and lower in the south. In the region, the hills and plains are irregular serrated and distributed from northeast to southwest. The mountain is mainly composed of Mesozoic sedimentary rocks and volcanic rocks. The mountain is gentle, generally 150-250 meters. It can be roughly divided into three areas: the north and northeast are hilly areas; the middle is hilly area, which is composed of loess clay terrace; the south is alluvial plain and river lake plain, which is flat. The hilly areas in Ma'anshan City are mainly distributed in the northwest and northeast, and extend eastward and northward to Jiangsu Province. The highest elevation in the area is 458.8 meters. It is Hengshan, located at the junction of Bowang town of Dangtu County and Lishui County of Jiangsu Province in the northeast. Along the river in the northwest, there are a series of northeast southwest arc-shaped hills, which are cilao mountain, Ma'anshan, Baibi mountain (renrenji), Xishan, Wangfu mountain, Baoji mountain and cuiluo mountain.

hydrology

Ma'anshan City, the main rivers are the Yangtze River, Cihu River, Caishi River, Yushan River, Liufen River, Guxi River, Qingshan River, Huangchi River, Yunliang River, Danyang new river, Bowang River, and other small rivers, tributaries and artificial ditches, which belong to the Yangtze River system; lakes are Shijiu Lake, Danyang Lake, Shuangtan lake, Yushan Lake; reservoirs are daxingtang reservoir, Dongfanghong reservoir, Gepu reservoir The total area of the reservoir is about 360 square kilometers.

climate

The precipitation of Ma'anshan City is similar to that of normal year, slightly less, the temperature is normal, and the sunshine is less. The annual precipitation in the urban area is 1060.7mm, about 5% less than that in the normal year. The number of annual precipitation days is 129 days, which is 7 days more than normal (urban area). The number of rainstorm days with daily precipitation ≥ 50 mm is 3 days (urban area), which is close to normal. The maximum daily precipitation of the year is 107mm (urban area), which occurred on July 13. The sunshine hours of the whole year are 1838.3 hours (in the urban area), which is slightly less than that of the normal year. The annual average wind speed is 3.3 meters per second. The annual evaporation is 1502.8 mm. The annual average temperature in the urban area is 16.1 ℃, which is 0.2 ℃ lower than that in the whole year; the temperature changes in the four seasons are different, the temperature in summer is higher than that in the same period of the whole year, and the temperature in other seasons is lower than that in the same period of the whole year. The annual extreme maximum temperature of 38.1 ℃ appeared on July 29 (urban area), and the annual extreme minimum temperature of - 5.9 ℃ appeared on January 23 (urban area).

natural resources

water resource

The average annual precipitation in the urban area of Ma'anshan City is 1060 mm, forming about 290 million cubic meters of atmospheric precipitation. The total runoff of the river reaches 113 million cubic meters. The Yangtze River flows through the west of the city, with an average annual runoff of 979.4 billion cubic meters, which is the most reliable water resource for the development of industrial and agricultural production. The water surface of the Yangtze River is about 21 square kilometers. The total area of other rivers, lakes and reservoirs is about 19 square kilometers, including 1.51 square kilometers of lakes, 11.67 square kilometers of ponds and 5.7 square kilometers of river water. There are abundant groundwater resources with a flow rate of 0.525cm/day and a flow rate of 0.22m3/day. The groundwater is generally in the sand aquifer with a depth of about 2 meters, and the silt layer with the highest water content is below the sand layer. In addition, the groundwater level varies with seasons, and the range of variation is about 0.2-0.5m. The total flow direction of groundwater flows into the Yangtze River from the high-lying east to the low-lying West.

mineral resources

MAANSHAN mining area is located in the Ningwu Luohe metallogenic belt in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The main mineral resources are iron ore, pyrite, gold ore, gypsum, lime soil, potassium feldspar, alunite, kaolin and mica. Among them, iron ore is the main mineral resource of Ma'anshan. The mining area is mainly distributed in Nanshan, Gushan, Huangmeishan and other places. Pyrite is mainly distributed in Xiangshan and Mashan areas in the suburbs, with a total reserve of about 19937.7 tons. The associated phosphate rock has large reserves and high grade. The reserves of Nanshan Mining Area alone are 531000 tons. The alunite ore distributed in Xiangshan area has a reserve of 3.677 million tons. By the end of 2017, 40 kinds of minerals have been found in Ma'anshan City, including 10 kinds of metal minerals, 29 kinds of non-metal minerals and 1 kind of water vapor minerals. There are 2 kinds of mineral resources in total

Chinese PinYin : An Hui Sheng Ma An Shan Shi