Jilin

Jilin Province, abbreviated as "Ji", is the provincial administrative region of the people's Republic of China and the capital of Changchun. It is located in the middle of Northeast China, connected with Liaoning, Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang, and borders Russia and North Korea, and is located in the geographical center of Northeast Asia. By the end of 2017, it has eight prefecture level cities and 1 Autonomous Prefecture, with 20 county-level cities, 16 counties, 3 autonomous counties and 21 municipal districts.
Jilin was built in 1653, and it was named "Jilin ulah" in the 12th year of Kangxi (1673), and Jilin city was built by the Qing Dynasty. In the 22nd year of Qianlong (1757), it was officially renamed as "general guarding Jilin ulas" and "general Jilin". Jilin Province is the witness of the complete course of political and military conflict in Northeast Asia in modern times, and it is an important industrial base and commodity grain production base in China.
The geomorphological morphology of Jilin Province is obviously different. The terrain inclines from southeast to northwest, showing the characteristics of high and low in Southeast. The central Heishan mountain is divided into two landforms: Eastern Mountain and central and western plain. The eastern mountain area is divided into the middle and low mountain areas of Changbai Mountain, and the central and western plain is divided into the central platform plain area and the Western meadow, lake, wetland and sand area; the east mountain area crosses Tumen River, Yalu River, Liaohe River, Suifen River and Songhua River. Jilin Province is located in the east of the middle latitude Eurasian continent, and belongs to the temperate continental monsoon climate.
By the end of 2018, Jilin Province has a total population of 27.406 million, with a regional GDP of 150.74 billion yuan, an added value of 11675 billion yuan in the first industry, 64.085 billion yuan in the second industry, RMB 75.302 billion in the tertiary industry and 55611 yuan of per capita regional GDP.
Historical evolution
From pre Qin to Qin Dynasty
As early as ancient times, there were human beings living and living in Jilin. The "immortal cave", "elm man", "Antu people" and "Qingshan head" appeared about 50000-10000 years ago are important signs of the formation of ancient human civilization in Jilin Province.
From Shun, Yu to Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, ancient people in Jilin Province began to establish subordinate gongna relations with the Central Plains Dynasty and gradually became an important part of the Chinese nation. During this period, the local national power of Su Shen, Yiyi, Donghu, Shanrong and Fuyu was formed.
Han Dynasty to Sui Dynasty
In the third year of the Emperor Wu Emperor of Han Dynasty (the first 108 years), xuantu county was set up in Weiman North Korea, which was under the jurisdiction of the southeast of Jilin Province. Changbai, Tumen, Dunhua, Helong, Wangqing, Longjing, Hunchun, Yanji, etc. in the East and South are Canghai County, lintun county and Lelang County successively; Tonghua, Ji'an, Meihekou, Jingyu and Baishan are Zhenfan county and xuantu County successively. This is the beginning of Jilin area being incorporated into the administrative establishment of the Central Plains Dynasty.
During the first 37-668 years, Gaogouli was active in Jilin, and he was once determined to be in the mount of tuandou and the inner city of the country. During the period of its heyday, he was in war with the Central Plains regime such as the Eastern Han Dynasty, Caowei Dynasty and Sui Dynasty. During the peak period, his power range included southeast Jilin, east of Liaohe and the north of Korean Peninsula.
Tang Dynasty
In the first year of Emperor Gaozong (668), Tang Dynasty and Xinluo jointly destroyed Gaogouli, and set Anton capital mansion. The northwest area was the tangroomwei capital.
In the first year of the holy calendar of Wu Zetian (698), dazuorong, the leader of SuoYu, established the "earthquake country" in moushan, Dongmu, Dunhua.
The emperor was born two years (713), and was awarded the Bohai State by the emperor, and ruled most of Jilin Province. Later, he once Dingdu and long, Hunchun.
Song, Liao and Jin Dynasties
The first year of Tiancheng (926) of the Ming Dynasty was destroyed by Qidan, and the eastern danguo was set up, and Huanglong mansion was set up in the West.
During the Liao Dynasty, most of Jilin Province belonged to Tokyo road and Shangjing road was under the jurisdiction of Shangjing road in the West.
The Jin Dynasty has set up Shangjing Road, Beijing Road, Tokyo Road, Chengping road and hailanjiang road in its jurisdiction, covering the whole territory of Jilin Province. In the third year of Jin Zhenyou (1215), the female immortal Pu Xianwan Nu established the eastern true state. The second year of Jin Tianxing (1233) was destroyed by Mongolia.
Yuan Dynasty
Yuan Dynasty belongs to Liaoyang and other branches of the province of Zhongshu, which is the District of Chengping government directly led by Kaiyuan Road, Beida Road, Taining Road, Zhongshu province and the central Privy Council.
Ming Dynasty
Most of them belonged to the Department of nuergan in Ming Dynasty. The Taonan area in the West belonged to the taining Wei of Daning capital. The southeast was Jianzhou Wei, which was one of the birthplaces of Jianzhou women's Zhen.
The Qing Dynasty
In the ten years of Shunzhi of Qing Dynasty (1653), it was set up with the seal capital of ningguta and Anbang.
In the 12th year of Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1673), the Qing dynasty built Jilin City, named "Jilin ular", which was named Jilin Province, and then the general ningguta was moved to Jilin City.
In the fifth year of Qianlong of Qing Dynasty (1740), the order of returning refugees was issued, which implemented the policy of blocking the east of Shanhaiguan. However, the policy of the Qing government did not prevent a large number of Han farmers forced by life to enter the central part of Jilin Province, and expanded northward, eastward and West.
In the 22nd year of Qianlong (1757), general ningguta was changed to general Jilin, and "Jilin" was expanded from the original name of the city to the name of the administrative region. The general area of Jilin Province includes Songhua River, Suifenhe River, Mudanjiang River and Tumen River Basin, the original weiyuanbao border gate opened in the west, the two sides of Wusuli River in the East and the Kup Island, and the islands in the middle of the sea, from Xing'an Mountain in the north to the Japanese sea and the lower reaches of Heilongjiang Province, and Changbaishan District in the south.
In the fifth year of Jiaqing Dynasty (1800), Changchun hall was added to the beginning of Changchun system. In the eighth year of Jiaqing (1803), the Qing government abolished the ban.
In the 10th year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (1860), China and Russia signed the Beijing treaty between China and Russia. The coastal areas of Jilin Province were ceded to Russia, and Jilin became an inland province.
In the fourth year of Guangxu of Qing Dynasty (1878), Jilin set up the Bureau of reclamation, which changed the economic outlook greatly, and gradually formed the differences between the eastern agricultural and forestry areas, the central agricultural areas and the western agricultural and animal husbandry areas. In the thirty third year of Guangxu (1907), Jilin Province was officially established, and Jilin governor (Gu Zhaoxi was the first governor of Jilin Province), and the capital of the province was located in Jilin City. Guangxu tried to recover the situation of internal and external troubles through political reform. He first issued the edict: to abolish the three generals in Northeast China, to establish Fengtian (now Liaoning), Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces; to change Shengjing to the governor of the three eastern provinces. In the thirty fourth year of Guangxu (1908), Jilin Province formed a governor yamen, and the general of Jilin and Jilin Branch patrol were abolished. The governor of Jilin became the highest civil affairs officer of Jilin Province and also took charge of the flag affairs. In the same year, Jilin Province, following the example of guanneixing Province, successively set up four roads under the province to guard the patrol.
Republic of China
In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), Jilin Province, as one of the 22 provinces of Nanjing Temporary Government, was divided along the old system of Qing Dynasty.
In August, the Republic of China (1945), Japan defeated and surrendered. The Kuomintang established Jilin local security maintenance Council. After that, the Northeast was divided into 9 provinces, and Jilin province led Changchun, Jilin 2 city and Yongji, Yushu and other 18 counties and 1 banner. On October 25, the Northeast Bureau of the CPC Central Committee decided to establish the Jihe district Party committee in Changchun. On November 10, the Northeast Bureau of the CPC Central Committee decided to cancel the party, government and military organizations of Jihe district and establish the Jilin Provincial Working Committee of the CPC. On November 25, the Yongji local committee of the CPC established Jilin Municipal democratic government with the consent of the Soviet army in Kyrgyzstan.
On May 28, the thirty-five years of the Republic of China (1946), the Communist Party of China army and democratic government withdrew from Jilin City, where the Kuomintang established the Jilin provincial government. At the same time, the CPC launched four "Siping campaigns".
On March 9, the thirty seventh year of the Republic of China (1948), the CPC occupied Jilin City. On March 10, the Jilin provincial government of the CPC moved to Jilin City.
On October 19, 1948, the Kuomintang garrison uprising in Changchun was committed to the liberation of Changchun. Since then, Jilin Province has been liberated.
On April 21, 1949, Changchun municipal government was directly subordinate to the Northeast Administrative Committee and divided into six provinces in the northeast.
The People's Republic of China
In the early days of the founding of new China, Jilin Province has two cities, 2 special districts, one banner, 22 counties and one special industrial zone.
In 1954, the Northeast administrative division was adjusted, and seven counties of the former Heilongjiang Province were divided into Jilin Province, and Baicheng special area was jointly established with Qian'an County, which was originally Jilin Province; 1 city and 9 counties of Liaodong province were divided into Jilin Province, and Tonghua special area was established; Liaoyuan City, Xi'an County, Dongfeng County and Siping City, Shuangliao county and Lishu County of the former Liaodong province were under the jurisdiction of Jilin Province. The Northeast six provinces are changed into 4 provinces. Jilin Province, Heilongjiang Province and Liaoning Province are divided into two provinces, namely, the city and county boundaries which are newly divided into Jilin Province, and the border with North Korea and the Soviet Union is still.
On September 27, 1954, Changchun Municipality was changed to provincial jurisdiction, and the capital of the province moved to Changchun.
On July 5th, 1969, the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council decided to assign the zhelmu League, Tuquan County of Hulunbuir League and Horqin Right Wing flag of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region to Jilin Province.
On May 30th, 1979, the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council decided to assign the zhelmu League, Tuquan county and Horqin Right Wing flag in Baicheng area to the jurisdiction of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. From then on, the administrative division of Jilin province continued.