Qinghai

Name origin

It is named after Qinghai Lake, the largest inland salt water lake in China.

The Tang and Song Dynasties belonged to Tubo; In the Yuan Dynasty, its land was under the jurisdiction of the xuanzheng yuan; The Ming Dynasty belongs to duogan Dusi, etc; At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, it was the place of Wei and Tibet, and then there were ministers of Xining, also known as ministers of Qinghai, which was the beginning of Qinghai's name.

At the beginning of the Republic of China, it was established as the chief administrative officer of Qinghai. Later, it was the garrison of Ninghai town in Gansu Province. Later, it was established as Qinghai Province. The name of the province has not changed so far.

Organizational evolution

In the late Paleolithic age, the ancestors of Qinghai lived in the present Qaidam Basin and Kunlun mountain.

During the Qin and Han Dynasties, there were more than 150 Qiang tribes. Each tribe had a head and did not belong to each other. They lived a nomadic life chasing water and grass. Their productivity was low and belonged to the primitive social form.

In the second year of Yuanshou (121 BC) of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Huo Qubing, a general of hussars, sent troops to defeat the Huns in Hexi, set up a jusai, and set up four counties in Hexi. In the sixth year of Yuanding of Emperor Wu (111 BC), the Han army conquered the Qiang people in Hehuang, set up a "guard Qiang school captain" in Huangzhong, and began to guide Huangzhong and build Xiping Pavilion (today's Xining City). Since then, the Han Dynasty began to control the east of Qinghai. In the first year of emperor Xuandi of the Han Dynasty (61 BC), Zhao Chongguo was ordered to strike in Hehuang after the victory of Yang Yu of the first zero Qiang, and set up a "Jincheng dependency state", successively setting linqiang (in today's Huangyuan county), Anyi (in today's Ping'an District of Haidong city), poqiang (in today's Ledu District of Haidong city), Yunwu (in today's Minhe county) and Yunjie Seven counties (now Honggu District, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province) and heguan (now Guide county) were officially incorporated into the county system of the feudal dynasty in the Central Plains in the eastern part of Qinghai. During the Three Kingdoms period, in the third year of Emperor Wen Huang Chu (222), Xiping County was built based on the old city of Xiping Pavilion in the Han Dynasty.

At the beginning of the fourth century, the Tuguhun people moved into Gansu and Qinghai, then developed into Qinghai, and established the Tuguhun country. In its heyday, its sphere of influence ranged from Songpan in Sichuan in the southeast, Qilian in Qinghai in the north, Tao River in Gansu in the East, and southern Xinjiang in the West. It was about 1500 kilometers long from east to west and 500 kilometers wide from north to south. The Tuguhun people entered Qinghai to the third year of Tang longshuo (663) It died in Tubo. During the Sixteen Kingdoms of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Qianliang, qianqin, Houliang, Nanliang, Xiqin, Xixia and Beiliang successively ruled Hehuang area of Qinghai.

In the 7th century, Songzan Ganbu unified the Tibetan Plateau and established the Tubo Dynasty. It successively annexed Yangtong, Supi, Bulan and Dangxiang Qiang, and won its territory. After the "an Shi rebellion" in the Tang Dynasty, Tubo further moved eastward and controlled the whole territory of Qinghai for nearly 200 years. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, "Haowei" once controlled Hehuang area. During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Tubo tribes in Qinghai were scattered and no longer unified.

In the Song Dynasty, the power of Guan Silao became stronger and stronger. With Qingtang city (today's Xining) as the center, zongluo local government with Tubo as the main body was established in he, Huang and Tao areas, and its officials belonged to the Song Dynasty. At the beginning of emperor Hui Zong's reign, the power of Guan Silao regime declined day by day, so the song army occupied Hehuang area. In the third year of Chongning (1103), the Song Dynasty changed Shanzhou into Xining Prefecture, which is "Xining" After the death of the Northern Song Dynasty, Jin and Xixia occupied Hehuang area for about a century.

In 1227, Genghis Khan marched into Tao, he and Xining prefectures, and Eastern Qinghai was incorporated into the territory of the Mongolian Khanate. At the beginning of his accession to the throne, Kublai Khan set up Tubo and other places in Hezhou to proclaim and comfort the Marshal's office of the Department of capital, which governed the Tubo tribes in Qinghai and Gansu. In 1281, he set up Gansu and other places in Zhongshu Province, which governed Xining prefectures.

In the sixth year of the reign of emperor Hongwu of the Ming Dynasty (1373), Xining Prefecture was changed into a Wei, with 6000 households under its jurisdiction. Later, there were "four guards beyond the Great Wall": anding, a Duan, Qu Xian and Han Dong (today, Haibei Prefecture extends from Gangcha in the west to Qaidam in the west, Golmud in the South and the northern foot of Qilian Mountain in Gansu Province in the North). In the first year of xiaozonghong's reign (1488), Xining army was set up to directly manage all parts of Mongolia and Tibet and the vicinity of Xining, The "four guards beyond the Great Wall" were also under the jurisdiction of Xining guards. In the early Ming Dynasty, the system of Tuhan officials participating in the establishment was implemented in the eastern part of Qinghai. There were Dorgan Xingdu command envoys in southern Qinghai and Western Sichuan, and biliwei and dasima wanhu prefecture were set up in the present Huangnan Prefecture and Hainan prefecture of Qinghai.

At the beginning of the 16th century, the Heshuote tribe, one of the four Mongolian tribes in irut, moved to Qinghai and once became the nation ruling Qinghai. In the early years of Yongzheng of the Qing Dynasty, after the failure of the anti Qing struggle in Luobu, zangdan and Tianjin, the Qing Dynasty set up a Qinghai affairs minister in Qinghai to govern the 29 banners of Mongolia and the Tibetan tribes in Yushu, Golog and lake areas in southern Qinghai. Xining Wei was changed to Xining Prefecture in the northeast of Qinghai, still following the Ming Dynasty The chieftain system of the dynasty is under the jurisdiction of Gansu Province.

In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), the Northern Warlord government appointed Ma Qi as the chief soldier of Xining. In the fourth year of the Republic of China (1915), he was appointed as the envoy of Mengfan and the garrison of Ninghai in Gansu. Since then, the Ma warlord ruled Qinghai for nearly 40 years. On September 5 of the 17th year of the Republic of China (1928), the civil affairs government of Nanjing decided to build a new Qinghai Province and establish Xining. In the 18th year of the Republic of China (1929) In January, Qinghai Province was officially established.

On September 5, 1949, the Chinese people's Liberation Army liberated Xining. On September 26, 1949, the people's military and political Commission of Qinghai Province was established. On January 1, 1950, the people's Government of Qinghai Province was officially established, with Xining as the provincial capital.

By 2020, Qinghai governs two prefecture level cities and six autonomous prefectures, namely Xining City, Haidong City, Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and Haixi Mongolian Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. Qinghai Provincial People's government is located at No. 12, West Street, Chengzhong District, Xining city.

Administrative Region

Municipal districts, county-level cities and counties

License plate

Zoning code

Xining City

Chengzhong District, Chengdong District, Chengxi District, Chengbei District, Huangzhong District, Datong Hui and Tu Autonomous County, Huangyuan County

Qing a

six hundred and thirty thousand and one hundred

Haidong City

Ledu District, Ping'an District, Minhe Hui and Tu Autonomous County, Huzhu Tu Autonomous County, Hualong Hui Autonomous County, Xunhua Salar Autonomous County

Qing B

six hundred and thirty thousand and two hundred

Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture

Haiyan County, Qilian County, Gangcha County, Menyuan Hui Autonomous County

Qing C

six hundred and thirty-two thousand and two hundred

Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture

Tongren City, Jianzha County, Zeku County, Henan Mongolian Autonomous County

Green D

six hundred and thirty-two thousand and three hundred

Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture

Gonghe County, Tongde County, guide County, Xinghai County and Guinan County

Qing e

six hundred and thirty-two thousand and five hundred

Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture

Maqin County, Bama County, Gande County, dari County, Jiuzhi County, Maduo County

Qing f

six hundred and thirty-two thousand and six hundred

Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture

Yushu City, Zaduo County, Chengduo County, Zhiduo County, Baoqian County, qumalai County

Green G

six hundred and thirty-two thousand and seven hundred

Haixi Mongol and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture

Delingha City, Golmud City, Mangya City, Tianjun County, Dulan County, Ulan county and Dachaidan Administrative Region

Qing H

six hundred and thirty-two thousand and eight hundred

Updated in 2020

geographical position

Qinghai is located in Western China. Its geographical location is between 89 ° 35 ′ - 103 ° 04 ′ E and 31 ° 9 ′ - 39 ° 19 ′ n. the province is more than 1200 kilometers long from east to west and 800 kilometers wide from north to south, with a total area of 722300 square kilometers, accounting for one thirteenth of the total area of the country. Its area ranks fourth among the provinces, cities and autonomous regions of the country after Xinjiang, Tibet and Inner Mongolia. Qinghai is adjacent to Gansu Province in the north and East, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in the northwest, Tibet Autonomous Region in the South and southwest, and Sichuan Province in the southeast.

topographic features

The overall terrain of Qinghai Province is high in the West and low in the East, and low in the high and middle parts in the north and south. The altitude in the west is high and steep, inclined to the East and descending in a ladder shape. The eastern region is the transition zone from the Qinghai Tibet Plateau to the Loess Plateau, with complex terrain and diverse landforms. The major mountains constitute the basic framework of the landform of the whole province. The average altitude of the province is more than 3000 meters, and the area below 3000 meters in the province is 111000 square kilometers, accounting for 15.9% of the total area of the province; The area with an altitude of 3000-5000 meters covers an area of 532000 square kilometers, accounting for 76.3% of the total area of the province; The area with an altitude of more than 5000 meters covers an area of 54000 square kilometers, accounting for 7.8% of the total area of the province. The average altitude of Qingnan plateau is more than 4000 meters, accounting for more than half of the total area of the province; The altitude of Hehuang Valley is low, mostly about 2000 meters. The highest point is bukadaban peak in Kunlun Mountain, with an altitude of 6851 meters, and the lowest point is at the junction of machangyuan Township, Minhe County, Haidong (the easternmost end of Qinghai Province) and Gansu, with an altitude of 1644 meters. Qinghai Province is surrounded by the landform, the northeast and East are transitional with the Loess Plateau and Qinling Mountains, the north is facing Gansu Hexi Corridor, the northwest is separated from Xinjiang Tarim basin through Altun mountain, the south is connected with northern Tibet Plateau, and the southeast is connected with Sichuan basin through mountains and plateau basins. The plain area in the province is 197000 square kilometers, accounting for 28.3% of the total area of the province; The mountainous area is 341000 square kilometers, accounting for 48.9% of the total area of the province; The hilly area is 102000 square kilometers, accounting for 14.6% of the total area of the province; The platform area is 57000 square kilometers, accounting for 8.2% of the total area of the province.

climate

Qinghai Province is deeply inland, far from the sea, located in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, belonging to the plateau continental climate. Its climatic characteristics are: long sunshine time and strong radiation; Long winter and cool summer; The daily temperature range is large and the annual temperature range is small; The precipitation is small, with great regional differences. There is more rain in the East, dry and windy in the west, lack of oxygen and cold. The annual average temperature is affected by the terrain, and its general distribution form is high in the north and low in the south. The annual average temperature of each region in Qinghai Province is - 5.1 ~ 9.0 ℃, and the average temperature in January (the coldest month) is - 17.4 ~ - 4.7 ℃, of which Tuole in Qilian is the coldest region; The average temperature in July (the hottest month) is between 5.8 ~ 20.2 ℃, and Minhe is the hottest area. Qilian Mountains and Qingnan plateau with annual average temperature below 0 ℃ account for more than 2 / 3 of the province's area, and the warmer Huangshui Valley and Yellow River Valley in the East have annual average temperature of about 6 ~ 9 ℃. The general distribution trend of annual precipitation in the whole province is gradually decreasing from southeast to northwest. The annual precipitation in most parts of the territory is less than 400mm, that in Qilian Mountains is between 410 and 520mm, and that in Jiuzhi and Bama in the southeast is more than 600mm. Jiuzhi is the area with the largest precipitation, with an average annual precipitation of 745mm; The annual precipitation in Qaidam Basin is between 17 ~ 182 mm, and less than 50 mm in the northwest of the basin, of which Lenghu lake is the area with the least precipitation. The frost free period is 3 ~ 5 months in the eastern agricultural area and only 1 ~ 2 months in other areas. There is no absolute frost free period in some areas of Sanjiangyuan. The total annual solar radiation in the province is second only to the Tibetan Plateau, with an average annual total radiation of 5860 ~ 7400 MJ / m2, sunshine hours of 2336 ~ 3341 hours, and abundant solar energy resources.

water resource

There are 380 rivers with a catchment area of more than 500 square kilometers in Qinghai Province. The total annual runoff of the province is 61.123 billion cubic meters, ranking 15th in the country, and the per capita share is 5.3 times the national average. 49% of the total runoff of the Yellow River, 1.8% of the total runoff of the Yangtze River, 17% of the total runoff of the Lancang River, 45.1% of the total runoff of the Heihe River flows out of Qinghai, and 59.6 billion cubic meters of water flows out of Qinghai every year. Groundwater resources are 28.16 billion cubic meters; There are 242 lakes with an area of more than 1 square kilometer in the province, with a total lake water area of 13098.04 square kilometers, ranking second in the country; Qinghai is rich in total water resources, but the contradiction between supply and demand is still very prominent. The Yangtze River and Lancang River basins have a small population and total industrial and agricultural economy, but they are rich in water resources.

mineral resources

The Qilian metallogenic belt in Qinghai Province is dominated by nonferrous metals, asbestos and coal; The metallogenic belt in the northern margin of Qaidam Basin is dominated by precious metals, nonferrous metals and coal; Qaidam Basin is dominated by oil, natural gas and salt minerals; The East Kunlun metallogenic belt is dominated by nonferrous and precious metal minerals; The metallogenic belt in the northern part of "Sanjiang" is dominated by non-ferrous metal minerals such as copper, lead, zinc and molybdenum. According to the regional classification of mineral types, it has the characteristics of "coal in the north, nonferrous metals in the south, salts and oil and gas in the west, nonferrous metals and precious metals in the middle and non metals in the East"; In terms of minerals, there are many types of minerals, many symbiotic associated minerals, many small mines, scattered mineral areas and relatively concentrated mineral resources reserves. The province is rich in Salt Lake mineral resources (potassium, magnesium, sodium, lithium, strontium, boron, etc.). The supply of petroleum, natural gas, potassium salt, asbestos and non-ferrous metal (copper, lead, zinc, cobalt, etc.) mineral products has played an important role in the country. At present, there are 135 kinds of minerals, 88 kinds of minerals have been identified, and 1121 single mineral producing areas, including 184 large, 224 medium and 713 small. Among the proven mineral reserves, 56 minerals rank among the top ten in China, and 11 minerals such as magnesium salt (magnesium chloride and magnesium sulfate), potassium salt, lithium ore, strontium ore, asbestos ore, serpentine for decoration, limestone for calcium carbide, serpentine for chemical fertilizer, quartzite for metallurgy and quartzite for glass rank first in China, with 25 in the top three.

land resource

By 2015, the total measured land area of Qinghai Province was 696600 square kilometers (6966 million hectares). Among them, the agricultural land area is 45.1050 million hectares, accounting for 64.75% of the total land area of the province. Among the agricultural land, 585700 hectares are cultivated land, 40812100 hectares are pasture land, 3541500 hectares are forest land and 6100 hectares are garden land; The construction land area is 339900 hectares, accounting for 0.49% of the land area of the whole province; The unused land area is 24.2199 million hectares, accounting for 34.77% of the land area of the whole province. Qinghai has various land types and obvious vertical differentiation. It is roughly bounded by Riyue mountain and the northern edge of Qingnan plateau, with pastoral areas in the West and agricultural areas in the East. From west to East, glaciers, Gobi, desert, grassland, water area, forest land and cultivated land are trapezoidal distributed. Sichuan, shallow and brain three-dimensional terraces are formed in the eastern agricultural area, and the plots are scattered, which is difficult to be developed and used intensively. The cultivated land in the East accounts for 90.8% of the total cultivated land in the province. The reserve resources suitable for farming are mainly distributed in Qaidam Basin, Hainan platform, the area around Qinghai Lake and the East.

As of 2015, the grassland area of Qinghai Province is 41.9333 million hectares, including 38.6667 million hectares of available area, which is divided into 9 grassland categories, 7 grassland subclasses, 28 grassland groups and 173 grassland types. Among all kinds of grasslands, the alpine meadow is 23661600 hectares, accounting for 64.92% of the grassland area of the whole province. It is the main body of natural grassland in Qinghai. In the total grassland area, the available grassland accounts for 86.72%, including 18.2535 million hectares in summer and autumn. Among the 173 grassland types in the province, there are 40 grassland types with Cyperaceae forages as the dominant species, with an area of 20.91 million hectares, accounting for 57.37% of the grassland area in the province. The total annual output of available grassland in the province is 80.93 million tons. The province has 585700 hectares of cultivated land, and 558400 hectares of crops were sown in 2015, an increase of 4700 hectares over the previous year. The area of grain crops is 277100 hectares, accounting for 49.62% of the total sown area; The sown area of cash crops is 177000 hectares, including 144700 hectares of oil crops, accounting for 25.91%; The vegetable planting area is 49600 hectares, accounting for 8.88%; 29600 hectares of Chinese wolfberry. Crop multiple cropping index is 95%. In 2015, the output of main agricultural products was 1027200 tons of grain, 304800 tons of oil, 1.664 million tons of vegetables and 15000 tons of fruits. The main varieties of agricultural products include wheat, highland barley, corn, rape, broad beans, peas, potatoes, flax, etc. The main fruit varieties include red marshal, red star, Red Fuji, guide Changba pear, Ruan pear, apricot, peach, plum, cherry, Shaguo, walnut, Huaqin, strawberry, watermelon, grape, etc.

Animal resources

Qinghai Province has about 1100 species of terrestrial vertebrates, 250 species of economically valuable animals, 294 species of birds and 103 species of mammals, accounting for 1 / 4 and 1 / 3 of the country respectively. Among them, there are 69 species of class I and II animals listed as key national protection. Rare animals include: Wild Camel, wild yak, wild donkey, Tibetan antelope, argali, white lipped deer, sika deer, musk deer, snow leopard, black necked Crane, Tibetan snow chicken, swan, etc. Fur, leather, feather and meat animals mainly include otter, Himalayan marmot, red fox, lynx, weasel, rabbit monkey, golden cat, stone marten, leopard, rock sheep, gazelle, yellow sheep, etc. Medicinal animals mainly include red deer, water deer, hairy crown deer, brown bear, etc. Livestock and poultry mainly include "Huzhu black pig", "Bamei pig", yak, Tibetan sheep, Yushu horse, Guinan black purple sheep, improved fine wool sheep around the lake, camel, goat, cattle, cattle, "Haomen horse", Hequ horse, Datong horse, Chaida Trojan horse, etc. Other beneficial animals mainly include cranes, geese, bean geese, bustards, rock pigeons, Tibetan pheasants, golden eagles, woodpeckers, owls, etc.

plant resources

There are nearly 12000 species of higher angiosperms and more than 800 species of ferns in Qinghai Province, including more than 1000 species of 331 genera, 75 classes of economic plants, involving medicinal, fiber, starch, sugar, oil, chemical raw materials, sesame oil honey source, wild fruits and vegetables, ornamental flowers and other plant species. There are more than 500 kinds of medicinal plants, including more than 50 kinds of famous traditional Chinese medicine, mainly including Cordyceps sinensis, rhubarb, Fritillaria, medlar, licorice, snow lotus, Tibetan Yinchen, dangshen, astragalus, notopterygium, scopolamine, ephedra, etc. There are more than 50 kinds of fiber plants, mainly Apocynum venetum, Caragana Sagittarius, Malan, reed, Stellera chamaejasme, Achnatherum splendens, Salix, etc. There are more than 70 kinds of oil plants, such as Elsholtzia, seabuckthorn, Xanthoceras sorbifolia, mint, perennial flax and so on. There are more than 50 kinds of starch plants, such as Potentilla anserina, Cynomorium songaricum, polygonatum odoratum, etc. There are more than 50 kinds of chemical raw material plants, such as Pinus tabulaeformis, Prunus mume, Sanguisorba, Tamarix, etc. There are more than 40 kinds of spice and honey plants, such as clove, honeysuckle, thyme, rose and so on. There are more than 40 kinds of wild fruit and vegetable plants, such as strawberry, hawthorn, mountain grape and kiwi fruit. There are more than 10 kinds of edible fungi, such as Nostoc flagelliforme, mushroom and black fungus.

By the end of 2019, the permanent resident population of Qinghai Province was 6.0782 million, an increase of 45900 over the end of the previous year. According to urban and rural areas, the urban resident population was 3.3748 million, an increase of 89100 over the end of the previous year, accounting for 55.52% of the province's resident population (urbanization rate of the resident population), an increase of 1.05 percentage points over the end of the previous year. The population of ethnic minorities is 2.8999 million, accounting for 47.71%. The annual birth rate was 13.66 ‰, 0.65 percentage points lower than that of the previous year; The population mortality rate was 6.08 ‰, 0.17 percentage points lower than that of the previous year. The annual natural population growth rate was 7.58 ‰, 0.48 percentage points lower than that of the previous year. The population separated from households in the province is 1158000, including 52000 floating population. The registered residence registered residence in registered population in the province was 5 million 890 thousand and 300, with 2 million 426 thousand and 700 of the registered residence population in the province, accounting for 41.20% of registered residence population in the province. The registered residence population of rural areas is 3 million 463 thousand and 600, accounting for 58.80%. There were 93000 migrant workers in the province, an increase of 9000 over the previous year, including 669000 migrant workers and 261000 local migrant workers.

The ethnic minorities in Qinghai are mainly Tibetan, Hui, Tu, Salar and Mongolian, of which Tu and Salar are unique to Qinghai. The five areas inhabited by ethnic minorities have implemented regional autonomy, and six autonomous prefectures and seven autonomous counties have been established successively, including five Tibetan autonomous prefectures (Yushu, Golog, Hainan, Haibei and Huangnan Tibetan autonomous prefectures), one Mongolian Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (Haixi Mongolian Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture), one Tu Autonomous County (Huzhu Tu Autonomous County) and one Salar Autonomous County (Xunhua Salar Autonomous County), 2 Hui autonomous counties (Hualong and Menyuan Hui autonomous counties), 2 Hui and Tu Autonomous Counties (Minhe and Datong Hui and Tu Autonomous Counties), and 1 Mongolian Autonomous County (Henan Mongolian Autonomous County) Autonomous areas account for 98% of the province's total area of 720000 square kilometers, and the minority population in regional autonomous areas account for 81.55% of the province's minority population. In addition, there are 28 ethnic townships in the province.

According to the results of the seventh national census, as of 0:00 on November 1, 2020, the population was 5923957.

List of Party and government leaders in Qinghai Province (as of May 2021)

Qinghai Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China

secretary

Jian Jun Wang

Deputy Secretary

Xinchangxing

Other standing committee members

Gongbao Zaxi, Teng Jiacai, Li Jiexiang, Wang Yuyan, Yu congle, Ma Jixiao, Chen Bai and Chen Ruifeng

Standing Committee of Qinghai Provincial People's Congress

director

Jian Jun Wang

Deputy director

Zhang Guangrong, Ma Wei, Gao Hua, NIMA Zhuoma, Niao Chengyun, Wu Haikun, Liu Tongde, Zhang Huangyuan

Secretary general

Jia Yingzhong

Qinghai Peoples Government

Governor

Xinchangxing

Vice governor

Li Jiexiang, Kuang Yong, Wang Liming, Yang Fengchun, Zhang Li, Liu Tao, Yang Zhiwen, Liu Chao, Cai rangtai, Li Hongya

Secretary general

Huang Yuan Zhang

Qinghai Provincial Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference

chairman

Dorje redan

vice president

Wang Xiaoyong, Ren Qing, an Jie, Zhang Shoucheng, Du Jie, Zhang Wenkui, Ma Haiying, Wang Xuan, Du Dezhi

Secretary general

Liu Daye

overview

In 2020, Qinghai Province will achieve a regional GDP of 300.592 billion yuan, an increase of 1.5% over the same period of last year. By industry, the added value of the primary industry was 33.43 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 4.5%; The added value of the secondary industry was 114.355 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 2.7%; The added value of the tertiary industry was 152.807 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 0.1%.

According to the unified accounting of the National Bureau of statistics, in 2019, the GDP of Qinghai Province was 296.595 billion yuan, an increase of 6.3% over the previous year at comparable prices. By industry, the added value of the primary industry was 30.190 billion yuan, an increase of 4.6%; The added value of the secondary industry was 115.975 billion yuan, an increase of 6.3%; The added value of the tertiary industry was 150.430 billion yuan, an increase of 6.5%. The added value of the primary industry accounted for 10.2% of the province's GDP, the added value of the secondary industry accounted for 39.1%, and the added value of the tertiary industry accounted for 50.7%. The per capita GDP was 48981 yuan, an increase of 5.4% over the previous year. 63000 new urban jobs were created. At the end of the year, the registered urban unemployment rate was 2.3%. 1130700 people were employed in agricultural and pastoral areas.

In 2019, the overall level of consumer prices in Qinghai province increased by 2.5% over the previous year. Among them, urban rose by 2.4% and rural rose by 2.5%. The price of agricultural means of production increased by 3.5% over the previous year, and the production price of agricultural products increased by 9.6%. The ex factory price of industrial producers decreased by 1.5%, and the purchase price of industrial producers decreased by 1.8%. The price of fixed asset investment rose by 2.5%. The sales price of new residential houses in Xining increased by 13.8%, and the sales price of second-hand houses increased by 12.2%.

In 2019, the general public budget revenue of Qinghai Province was 45.685 billion yuan, an increase of 1.8% over the previous year. Among them, the local general public budget revenue was 28.214 billion yuan, an increase of 3.4%; The central revenue was 17.471 billion yuan, down 0.6%. Among the local general public budget revenue, tax revenue was 19.868 billion yuan, down 3.3%. Among them, the value-added tax was 9.299 billion yuan, an increase of 0.9%; Corporate income tax was 2.443 billion yuan, down 2.4%; Personal income tax was 685 million yuan, down 38.7%; Resource tax was 1.831 billion yuan, down 9.7%; The urban maintenance and construction tax was 1.333 billion yuan, an increase of 3.1%. The general public budget expenditure was 186.374 billion yuan, an increase of 13.1% over the previous year. Among them, urban and rural community expenditure increased by 40.6%, cultural tourism, sports and media expenditure increased by 17.7%, agriculture, forestry and water expenditure increased by 17.3%, social security and employment expenditure increased by 16.3%, education expenditure increased by 11.0%, health expenditure increased by 5.1%, and general public service expenditure increased by 2.5%.

primary industry

In 2019, the total sown area of crops in Qinghai Province was 5535400 hectares, a decrease of 371000 hectares over the previous year. The sown area of grain crops was 280.2000 hectares, a decrease of 10600 hectares over the previous year. Among them, 102.41 thousand hectares of wheat, a decrease of 9.19 thousand hectares; Highland barley 63.85 thousand hectares, an increase of 15.17 thousand hectares; Corn 20.97 thousand hectares, an increase of 2.52 thousand hectares; Beans 14.00 thousand hectares, an increase of 1.24 thousand hectares; Potato 77.1000 hectares, a decrease of 11.17 thousand hectares. The sown area of cash crops was 2733400 hectares, a decrease of 26600 hectares over the previous year. Among them, 142.25 thousand hectares of oil, a decrease of 5.66 thousand hectares; 44.52 thousand hectares of medicinal materials, an increase of 0.46 thousand hectares (33.96 thousand hectares of Chinese wolfberry, a decrease of 1.57 thousand hectares); 44.39 thousand hectares of vegetables and edible fungi, an increase of 0.43 thousand hectares; Green fodder 38.13 thousand hectares, an increase of 2.79 thousand hectares. The grain output was 1055400 tons, an increase of 24800 tons over the previous year, the highest in recent five years.

By the end of 2019, there were 4.9461 million cattle in Qinghai Province, a decrease of 3.8% over the end of the previous year; There were 13.2688 million sheep, down 0.7%; The number of live pigs was 346500, down 55.7%; The poultry stock was 1.4938 million, down 51.1%. Throughout the year, 1.4806 million cattle were slaughtered, an increase of 9.2% over the previous year; There were 8.0443 million sheep, an increase of 7.5%; 987700 pigs were sold, down 15.2%; 4.9819 million poultry were sold, an increase of 0.8%. Meat output was 374000 tons, an increase of 2.4% over the previous year.

the secondary industry

In 2019, the total industrial added value of Qinghai Province was 81.749 billion yuan, an increase of 6.9% over the previous year at comparable prices. The added value of industries above designated size increased by 7.0% over the previous year. Among industries above Designated Size, by economic type, the added value of joint-stock enterprises increased by 7.6%, that of state-owned enterprises decreased by 0.1%, and that of foreign-invested enterprises and enterprises invested by Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan decreased by 1.2%. By category, the added value of manufacturing industry increased by 8.8%, that of mining industry increased by 3.1%, and that of power, heat, gas and water production and supply industry increased by 6.0%. Among industries above Designated Size, the added value of new energy industry increased by 8.9%, new material industry by 30.8%, non-ferrous metal industry by 4.1%, salt lake chemical industry by 3.9%, biological industry by 9.3%, coal chemical industry by 11.4% and equipment manufacturing industry by 26.5%. The added value of high-tech manufacturing increased by 32.2%. The added value of high energy consuming industries increased by 6.3%, and the proportion in the added value of industries above designated size decreased by 0.5% over the previous year. Among the 32 industries above Designated Size, the added value of 18 industries increased over the previous year.

In 2019, the added value of the construction industry in Qinghai Province was 34.226 billion yuan, an increase of 5.2% over the previous year at comparable prices. At the end of the year, there were 465 general contracting and professional contracting construction enterprises with qualification levels, an increase of 27 over the end of the previous year. The construction area of houses was 9.0459 million square meters, a decrease of 1.1% over the previous year; The completed area was 3.9648 million square meters, an increase of 6.3%.

the service sector; the tertiary industry

In 2019, the investment in fixed assets in Qinghai province increased by 5.0% over the previous year. By industry, investment in the primary industry decreased by 3.6%, investment in the secondary industry increased by 21.5%, and investment in the tertiary industry decreased by 1.9%. Industrial investment increased by 23.5%. According to the three categories, investment in manufacturing increased by 2.6%, investment in power, heat, gas and water production and supply increased by 41.1%, and investment in mining increased by 21.4%. Private investment increased by 8.2%. Investment in the short board area continued to strengthen, with investment benefiting people's livelihood increasing by 6.1%, including infrastructure investment increasing by 2.0%. Among the fixed asset investment of the whole society, the investment in strategic emerging industries increased by 26.0% over the previous year. Investment in high-tech manufacturing increased by 15.0%. Investment in new energy industry increased by 26.0%. Investment in high-tech services increased by 16.1%.

In 2019, the total import and export value of goods in Qinghai Province was 3.725 billion yuan, a decrease of 22.7% over the previous year. Among them, the export value was 2.02 billion yuan, down 35.1%; The import value was 1.704 billion yuan, down 0.1%.

By the end of 2019, the balance of RMB deposits of financial institutions in Qinghai Province was 584.662 billion yuan, an increase of 1.6% over the end of the previous year. Among them, the balance of household deposits was 246.386 billion yuan, an increase of 7.3%; The deposit balance of non-financial enterprises was 141.673 billion yuan, down 1.9%. The balance of various RMB loans of financial institutions was 663.976 billion yuan, an increase of 0.9% over the end of the previous year. Among them, the balance of household loans was 93.938 billion yuan, an increase of 30.1%; The balance of loans from non-financial enterprises and government organizations was 568.835 billion yuan, down 2.9%.

In 2019, the original insurance premium income of Qinghai insurance company was 9.844 billion yuan, an increase of 12.3% over the previous year. Among them, the premium income of life insurance was 3.75 billion yuan, an increase of 8.2%; The premium income of property insurance was 4.176 billion yuan, an increase of 12.8%; The premium income of health insurance and accident insurance was 1.918 billion yuan, an increase of 20.1%. The annual insurance compensation was 3.481 billion yuan, an increase of 0.3% over the previous year. Among them, the amount of life insurance compensation was 613 million yuan, down 35.9%; Property insurance compensation was 2.082 billion yuan, an increase of 12.2%; The compensation for health insurance and accidental injury insurance was 786 million yuan, an increase of 19.8%.

Science and technology

In 2019, Qinghai Province achieved 545 scientific and technological achievements above the provincial and ministerial level, an increase of 27 over the previous year, including 124 basic theoretical achievements, 401 applied technological achievements and 20 soft science achievements. There were 5010 patent applications, an increase of 573 over the previous year, including 1228 invention patent applications. 3043 patents were granted, an increase of 379 over the previous year, including 291 invention patents. 836 technical contracts were signed, a decrease of 235 over the previous year; The turnover was 910 million yuan, a decrease of 88.5% over the previous year. At the end of the year, there were 12 weather radar observation stations, 56 satellite cloud image receiving stations above the county level, 132 seismic stations and 3 seismic telemetry networks.

education

In 2019, the enrollment rate of school-age children in Qinghai Province was 99.8%, the same as that of the previous year; The gross enrollment rate of ordinary junior middle schools was 112.0%, an increase of 0.2 percentage points over the previous year; The consolidation rate of nine-year compulsory education was 96.9%, the same as that of the previous year; The gross enrollment rate in senior high school was 90.3%, an increase of 2.3 percentage points over the previous year. Throughout the year, there were 2444 graduate students, 6033 students and 1288 graduates. General higher education enrolled 29800 students, 88600 students and 23700 graduates. Secondary vocational education enrolled 31900 students, 80200 students and 20200 graduates. Ordinary high schools recruit 42200 students, 126300 students and 41600 graduates. Junior high schools recruit 73900 students, 225300 students and 72000 graduates. There are 90300 students enrolled in ordinary primary schools, 498500 students and 74500 graduates. 263 students were enrolled in special education, 1952 students and 181 graduates. There are 214900 children in kindergartens.

On February 10, 2020, Qinghai Provincial Department of education formulated and issued relevant preferential policies for medical team members and their children to support medical team members to be at ease and devote themselves to the front line of epidemic prevention and control.

Qinghai ordinary colleges and Universities

Administrative Region

School name

Xining City

Qinghai University (first-class discipline construction university), Qinghai Normal University, Qinghai University for nationalities, Kunlun College of Qinghai University, Qinghai Police Officer Vocational College, Qinghai health vocational and technical college, Qinghai Transportation Vocational and technical college, Qinghai construction vocational and technical college, Qinghai animal husbandry and veterinary medicine vocational and technical college, Xining City vocational and technical college

Haidong City

Qinghai higher vocational and Technical College

Haixi Mongol and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture

Qinghai Qaidam vocational and Technical College

Cultural undertakings

By the end of 2019, Qinghai Province has 12 art performance groups, 46 cultural centers, 51 public libraries, 24 museums, 55 archives, 46 radio and television stations and 25 medium and short wave radio transmitters. The comprehensive population coverage rate of broadcasting was 98.8%, an increase of 0.2 percentage points over the end of the previous year; The comprehensive population coverage rate of television was 98.8%, an increase of 0.1 percentage points over the end of the previous year. Throughout the year, it published 2.68 million magazines, 80.79 million newspapers and 13.4 million books, including 3.89 million books in minority languages.

medical and health work

By the end of 2019, there were 6511 medical and health institutions in Qinghai Province, with 40600 beds. Among them, there are 220 hospitals with 34600 beds; 408 township health centers with 4728 beds; There are 275 community health service centers (stations), 52 maternal and child health centers (clinics and stations), 56 centers for disease prevention and control (epidemic prevention stations), 4512 village clinics, 916 outpatient departments and clinics (clinics and infirmaries), and 54 health supervision centers (centers). There are 62100 health personnel in medical and health institutions. Among them, 17400 practicing (Assistant) doctors and 18900 registered nurses. The total number of diagnosis and treatment in the whole year was 26.6071 million, and the number of discharge was 1.0475 million.

Sports undertakings

By the end of 2019, there were 74 athletes in Qinghai Province, including 42 first-class athletes and 32 second-class athletes. 1766 people participated in competitions at home and abroad, winning 38 first places, 41 second places and 51 third places. The annual sales of sports lottery tickets reached 813 million yuan.

social security

By the end of 2019, the number of old-age insurance participants in Qinghai Province was 4.1388 million, an increase of 231600 over the end of the previous year. Among them, 1.2073 million people participated in basic old-age insurance for enterprise employees, an increase of 63800; The number of urban and rural residents participating in basic old-age insurance was 2611500, an increase of 155200; The number of old-age insurance participants in government organs and institutions was 320000, an increase of 12600. The number of medical insurance participants in the province was 5.5792 million, an increase of 25700 over the end of the previous year. Among them, the number of urban employees covered by medical insurance was 1037500, an increase of 43300; The number of urban and rural residents covered by medical insurance was 4.5417 million, a decrease of 17600. The number of unemployed insurance insured in the province was 437500, an increase of 14800 over the end of last year, including 300000 migrant workers. There were 739900 people insured for work-related injury insurance in the province, an increase of 47500 over the end of last year, including 117700 migrant workers. The number of people insured for maternity insurance in the province was 618200, an increase of 36800 over the end of the previous year. At the end of the year, 64400 people enjoyed the urban minimum living security and 280700 people enjoyed the rural minimum living security. At the end of the year, there were 88 social service institutions providing accommodation in the province, an increase of 23 over the previous year, including 68 elderly care service institutions, an increase of 21. There were 7572 social service beds, an increase of 1389, including 6120 pension service beds, an increase of 1800. At the end of the year, there were 403 community service centers and 4620 community service stations.

environmental protection

By the end of 2019, there were 11 nature reserves in Qinghai Province, covering an area of 217800 square kilometers, including 7 national nature reserves, covering an area of 207400 square kilometers. The forest area is 5.2089 million hectares, with a forest coverage rate of 7.26%. The wetland area is 8.1436 million hectares, including 8.001 million hectares of natural wetland. The management and protection area of national key public welfare forests is 3.9771 million hectares, and the protection area of natural forests is 3.678 million hectares. The whole people voluntarily planted 15 million trees throughout the year. In that year, 1746.05 square kilometers of water and soil loss were controlled and 289000 hectares of afforestation were planted. The number of days with excellent air quality in cities and towns where the municipal (prefecture) government is located was 96.1%.

Poverty alleviation

On April 21, 2020, Qinghai announced the "clearing" of poor counties.

overview

By the end of 2019, the railway operating mileage in Qinghai Province was 2356 km, an increase of 57 km over the end of the previous year, including 218 km of high-speed railway. The highway mileage was 83761 kilometers, an increase of 1624 kilometers over the end of last year, including 3451 kilometers of expressways, an increase of 123 kilometers. The civil aviation mileage was 167104 kilometers, an increase of 21368 kilometers. At the end of the year, the number of civilian cars was 1199600, an increase of 8.8% over the end of the previous year, including 999800 private cars, an increase of 9.3%. The number of civilian cars was 571700, an increase of 8.1%, including 495600 private cars, an increase of 8.3%.

Railway

According to the railway development plan of Qinghai Province, in addition to the double track of Lanzhou qinghai railway under construction and the electrification transformation of Xining Golmud section of Qinghai Tibet railway, Qinghai Province will build Xining Chengdu Railway to form a convenient channel between Qinghai and southwest, with a railway operating mileage of 1913 km; The Golmud Korla and Golmud Dunhuang railways will be built to open up the West passage of Qinghai. Liu Ge railway was completed, forming a connecting line between Lanzhou Xinjiang Railway and Qinghai Tibet railway, with a railway operating mileage of 2611 km.

aviation

Qinghai civil aviation has opened flights from Xining to Beijing, Xi'an, Guangzhou, Chongqing, Shenzhen, Lhasa, Nanjing, Shenyang, Hohhot, Qingdao, Golmud, Chengdu, Wuhan, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Urumqi and other places. Qinghai has Xining caojiabao airport, Golmud airport and Yushu Batang airport, which can take off and land large or medium-sized airliners.

overview

Different nationalities in Qinghai have different cultural traditions. Qinghai has ancient cultural sites of the Paleolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic ages; Numerous religious buildings; Cultural relics and historic sites of past dynasties; Animal rock paintings and religious rock paintings; Melodious folk song "flowers", unrestrained Tibetan songs and dances, and lyrical and beautiful Tu Folk Dances "Anzhao" and "naton"; Folk Buddhist painting "Regong Art", Tibetan scroll painting "Thangka art", butter flower art; Unique folk embroidery.

Intangible cultural heritage

Qinghai is the hometown of flowers. Hehuang flowers are the soul of flowers in Northwest China. They are an intangible cultural heritage and one of the songs of famous ethnic regions. Hua'er, also known as the youth, is produced in Linxia, Gansu Province and is popular in Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, Xinjiang and other areas. It uses vivid Bixing words and sentences, mostly love songs. It has a large number of lyrics and high literary and artistic value. It is called the soul of the Northwest. The people of Han, Tibetan, Hui, Tu, Sala and other nationalities living here, whether farming in the fields, grazing in the mountains, going out to work or driving on the road, should spread a few melodious "flowers" as long as they have leisure time. It can be said that everyone has a golden voice to sing "flowers" and "Youth". When Qinghai farmers sing "flowers", Zhang Xiuhua and Wang Fugui in the village will burst into tears. Flowers are as common to Qinghai people as their daily diet.

Traditionally, the flower festival is held in April, may and June of the lunar calendar before the autumn harvest season. The duration of the meeting is four to five days. The time varies from place to place. The venue is equipped with a challenge arena to hold a singer competition. Local people can also climb the mountain to sing songs and sing impromptu, with unlimited topics.

Important festivals

Lantern Festival: on October 25, 1419, the great master zongkaba passed away in Gandan temple. Later, every year on this day, every family in the whole Tibetan area lights up to commemorate the great Buddhist leader.

Bobo meeting of Tu Nationality: an important festival of Tu nationality. God jumping activities for the purpose of praying are held on February 2, March 3 and April 8 of the lunar calendar every year.

Jihad: on March 12 of the Islamic calendar, it is said that Muhammad's birthday and death are on this day. It is one of the three major festivals of Islam, as well as Eid al Fitr and gurbangh.

Regong June meeting: the "June meeting" is held between June 17 and 25 of the lunar calendar every year, which is a unique traditional culture of Tibetan villages in Tongren County, Qinghai Province. The activity integrates religion, sacrifice, entertaining gods and people, and focuses on the grand group dance.

Food culture

Qinghai's food taste has strong plateau characteristics and national style. Its color, aroma, taste and shape are integrated with the ancient customs and customs of various nationalities and the customs of the frontier fortress. Even some foods from the mainland have been created and improved in Qinghai to integrate a strong plateau atmosphere.

Qinghai's specialties include hand-held meat, kebabs, rice noodles, kunguo steamed buns, mutton soup, brace, dried fish, mutton sausage noodles, beef jerky, etc.

Qinghai people like tea and highland barley wine. Dessert Sanbao includes brewed skin, yogurt and sweet fermented grains.

Qinghai's specialties include: dry otter skin, black purple lamb skin, Tibetan knife, Cordyceps sinensis, Fritillaria, pilose antler, Shaguo, snow lotus, Qaidam wolfberry (Chinese wolfberry), highland barley wine, notopterygium, Xining rhubarb, fern hemp, black wolfberry, Rhodiola, Gentiana, etc.

overview

Qinghai has formed three major tourist areas in the East, central and West, with increasingly supporting tourism facilities, which can provide a variety of effective tourism measures for tourists at home and abroad.

There are many places of interest in the province characterized by ancient tombs, ancient temples, ancient rock paintings and ancient castles. Han, Tibetan, Hui, Mongolian, Turkish, Kazak, Salar and other nationalities have a long history and excellent cultural traditions, and maintain unique and colorful national customs and customs. Qinghai is rich in tourism resources and various types.

In 2019, Qinghai Province received 50.8017 million domestic and foreign tourists, an increase of 20.8% over the previous year. Among them, there were 50.7286 million domestic tourists, an increase of 20.9%; 73100 inbound tourists, an increase of 5.7%. The total tourism revenue was 56.133 billion yuan, an increase of 20.4%. Among them, the domestic tourism revenue was 55.903 billion yuan, an increase of 20.5%; Foreign exchange income from tourism was 33.3567 million US dollars, down 7.7%.

Main scenic spots

Qinghai Lake

China's largest inland salt water lake, with an area of 4573 square kilometers, is 3260 meters above the sea level, twice the peak of Mount Tai. The deepest part of the lake is 32 meters. There are Bird Island (Haixi mountain, Haixin mountain, Haixi PI), sanhuai stone and sand island in the lake. For tourists to visit. Chen Yunhe's poem Qinghai Lake describes that "the magnificent mind that can not flow out of the inland all the time and can be seen in the eyes of Riyue mountain belongs to a kind of vigorous spirit with open water and sky". Bird island is located in the west of Qinghai Lake, covering an area of about 1 square kilometer. Every spring, about 100000 migratory birds of more than 10 species from southern China, Southeast Asia and the Indian peninsula breed here, which is very spectacular. Its large cluster breeding density is rare in Asia.

Mengda forest area

It is a National Nature Reserve in Xunhua Salar Autonomous County. In the forest area, towering ancient trees, knee deep fragrant grass, brilliant mountain flowers, chirping birds and gurgling streams. The growth society has more than 540 species of tropical, subtropical and temperate plants, known as "Xishuangbanna on Qinghai Plateau". Located in the "Tianchi" surrounded by mountains, it covers an area of 20 hectares, with beautiful scenery and pleasant climate.

Thar Temple

Located in lushar Town, Huangzhong District, 27 kilometers southwest of the provincial capital Xining, it is one of the six temples of Gelu sect of Tibetan Buddhism and the birthplace of zongkaba, the founder of Huangjiao sect. Built in the 39th year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty, it has a history of more than 400 years. Incense flourished and had a far-reaching impact. The architectural pattern of the whole temple is different. It is composed of many independent pagodas, temples, sutra halls and monk houses. It is a combination of Tibetan and Han buildings, covering an area of more than 40 hectares. The big golden tile hall, the small golden tile hall and the great scripture hall are resplendent and dazzling, especially famous. Butter flowers, pile embroidery and murals are known as the "three wonders" of the art of thar temple.

Sanjiangyuan

The Yangtze River, the Yellow River and the Lancang River started from this, nurturing and nourishing Chinese civilization. Qinghai Sanjiangyuan is known as the "Chinese water tower". The source of the Yangtze River has a beautiful scenery. The ice tower forest dozens of meters high rises into the clear sky and stretches for tens of miles. It is as graceful as a crystal peak. The source of the Yellow River has pleasant scenery, abundant water and grass, and lakes and streams are scattered everywhere, which is very spectacular. The upper reaches of the Yellow River have large drop and rapid water flow, which is suitable for exploratory drifting. The source of the river is a resort for exploration and investigation. Here you will enjoy the exposed and mysterious enzyme of nature.

Chaka Salt Lake

Located in Chaka Town, Wulan County, Qinghai Province, it is the main salt producing area in Qinghai Province, with the Mongolian name of "dabsunnur". Unlike other salt lakes in China, Chaka Salt Lake is a brine lake with both solid and liquid, embedded in snow mountains and grasslands rather than Gobi desert. The waters of the salt lake are broad and sparkling. Walking on the lake is like entering the world of salt. Since its development in 1980, Chaka Salt Lake scenic spot has developed into a 3A new scenic spot with both ecological tourism and industrial tourism.

Dongguan Mosque

One of the four mosques in Northwest China, it has a history of more than 600 years. It has the architectural characteristics of Chinese classical architecture and national style. It is painted and carved, exquisite and exquisite. The temple can accommodate 3000 believers to worship at ordinary times.

Qutan Temple

Located in Ledu District, Haidong City, it is the most complete and large-scale temple building of the Ming Dynasty in Northwest China. It is a Tibetan Buddhist temple. Its overall structure and layout are similar to that of the Forbidden City in Beijing. It is called "little Forbidden City". It has a long history of murals and stone carvings, with Buddhism as the theme, skilled techniques and bright colors.

On December 25, 2020, he was awarded the "advanced province (city) Award for unpaid blood donation" by the National Health Commission.

politician

In the early Warring States period, the leader of the Qiang people in Hehuang area had no Yi Yuan sword, the leader of the South Liang state had bald hair and black gu, the leader of Tuyuhun was Tuyuhun, shuluogan and a jackal, the founder of the zongluo Tibetan regime in the Song Dynasty, Zhang Wenren, a scholar of the Ming Dynasty, Gushi Khan, the Mongolian leader of irut in the late Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty, and Yang Yingju, the Minister of the Qing Dynasty.

Military general

Zhao Chongguo, the great general and famous militarist of the Western Han Dynasty, Huo Qubing, the great general of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Deng Xun, the great generals of the Tang Dynasty, Hei Chi Chang Zhi and Ge Shuhan, the great general of the Tibetan Dynasty, Shang maidservant and maid, on fear of heat, he Guan and Gao Yongnian, the generals of the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhang Ji, the son-in-law of the Yuan Dynasty, Wang Sulaiman of Xining, Qi Wang off-line, Li Chun, Chai Guozhu and Liu minkuan, the generals of the Ming Dynasty, etc.

Writer

The Tibetan Lama of the Yuan Dynasty, the leader of the Sakya sect and the linguist, bhaska lozhe jianzan, the famous litterateur, historian and Buddhist of the Qing Dynasty, Tu Guan luosang quginima, the eminent monk, famous Tibetan poet and writer of the Qing Dynasty, xiagaba tsozhou renzhuo, and the poets of the Qing Dynasty, Wu Mushi and Zhu Xiangfang.

artist

Jiamuyang xiebedoji, an eminent monk of Tibetan Buddhism and a famous Tibetan scientist in the early Qing Dynasty, Deng min, a scholar and geographer in the late Qing Dynasty, Li Hanqing, a flat string artist in the late Qing Dynasty, Zhou Guanghui and Zhang Sixian, calligraphers in the late Qing Dynasty, etc.

scientist

Zhilugu, a famous doctor in the early Tang Dynasty, Li Shitai, a traditional Chinese medicine in the Qing Dynasty, etc.

Religious personage

Qu jiedun zhurenqin, an eminent monk of the Yuan Dynasty and the enlightenment teacher of zongkaba, GA lemang, the ancestor of the Salar nationality, sanluo, an eminent monk of the Kagyu sect of Tibetan Buddhism, zongkaba rosanzaba, the founder of the Gelu sect of Tibetan Buddhism and a famous religious reformer, sonangjiacuo, the leader of the Gelu sect of Tibetan Buddhism and the third Dalai Lama, one of the leaders of Tibetan Buddhism in the Qing Dynasty and the fourth Panchen Erdeni rosangquejijianzan, Awanrosanggyatso, one of the leaders of Tibetan Buddhism in the Qing Dynasty and the fifth Dalai Lama, xianmeizhen, the official Taoist ancestor of the Chinese Islamic city hufuyexian, gasanggyatso, one of the leaders of Tibetan Buddhism in the Qing Dynasty and the seventh Dalai Lama, Erdeni rosangyixi, one of the leaders of Tibetan Buddhism in the Qing Dynasty and the fifth Panchen Lama, Ma Mingxin, the founder of Chinese Islamic Protestantism, etc.

The 14th Dalai Lama, Danzengjiacuo (1934 ~), came from a Tibetan peasant family in Huangzhong County (now Huangzhong District) of Qinghai Province. After the founding of the people's Republic of China in 1949, the 14th Dalai Lama sent a delegation to Beijing. Negotiations were held with representatives of the Central People's government and the 17 article agreement was signed. Tibet was peacefully liberated and returned to the big family of the motherland. After 1957, the Dalai Lama and the upper separatist forces in Tibet echoed each other, supported the gradual expansion of the armed rebellion from local to comprehensive, and openly tore up the "17 article agreement". On March 17, 1959, the Dalai Lama fled India.

Peasant uprising leader

In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Qiang chieftain Dian Ling, the leader of "yiconghu", Beigong Boyu and Han Sui, and he Jin, the leader of the peasant uprising army in the late Ming Dynasty.