Longyan

Pre Qin period

Longyan City was formerly part of the Minyue region.

During the Zhou Dynasty, it belonged to the "Seven Min" region.

Qin and Han Dynasties to Southern and Northern Dynasties

During the Qin Dynasty, it belonged to Minzhong Commandery. In the third year of Taikang in the Western Jin Dynasty (282 AD), Silla County was established (with its county seat located southeast of present-day Changting County), under the jurisdiction of Jin'an Commandery. In the fourth year of Taishi in the Southern Song Dynasty (468 AD), Jin'an Commandery was renamed Jinping Commandery, and Xinluo County was abolished. The original Xinluo County belonged to Jinping Commandery. During the reign of Tianjian in the Liang Dynasty (502-519 AD), the Jinping Commandery was separated to establish Nan'an Commandery, and the Longyan area belonged to Nan'an Commandery. In the sixth year of Datong (540 AD), Longxi County was established in Nan'an Commandery, and Minxi was under its jurisdiction.

From Sui and Tang Dynasties to Song and Yuan Dynasties

In the 24th year of Tang Kaiyuan (736 AD), Zaluo County (some say Xinluo County, with its capital in present-day Longyan City) was established. In the same year, Tingzhou was established, with jurisdiction over Changting, Huanglian, and Zaluo counties. In the first year of Tianbao (742 AD), Tingzhou was renamed Linting Commandery, Zaluo County was renamed Longyan County, Huanglian County was renamed Ninghua County, and in the first year of Qianyuan (758 AD), Linting Commandery was renamed Tingzhou. In the twelfth year of the Dali era (777 AD), Longyan County was transferred to Zhangzhou. The original Jianzhou belonged to Shaxian and was transferred to Tingzhou.

In the sixth year of Baoda in the Southern Tang Dynasty of the Five Dynasties (948 AD), Sha County was transferred to Jianzhou. Tingzhou governs Changting and Ninghua counties. Zhangzhou governs three counties: Longyan, Longxi, and Zhangpu.

In the fifth year of Chunhua in the Northern Song Dynasty (994 AD), Shanghang and Wuping were upgraded to counties, belonging to Tingzhou. In the third year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1133), Liancheng County was established. Shiting Prefecture governs six counties: Changting, Ninghua, Shanghang, Wuping, Qingliu, and Liancheng.

In the fifteenth year of the Yuan Dynasty (1278), it was promoted to Tingzhou Road. In the sixth year of Zhizheng (1346), Liancheng was renamed Liancheng.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties

In the first year of Ming Hongwu (1368), it was renamed Tingzhou Prefecture. In the sixth year of Chenghua (1470), Guihua County was established. In the seventh year of Chenghua (1471), Zhangping County was established. In the 14th year of Chenghua (1478), Yongding County was established, with Changting County, Shanghang County, Wuping County, Liancheng County, Yongding County, Ninghua County, Qingliu County, and Guihua County collectively known as the "Ting Eight Counties". In the first year of Longqing (1567), Ningyang County was established by separating Longyan, Yong'an, and Datian counties.

In the twelfth year of the Yongzheng reign of the Qing Dynasty (1734), Longyan County was upgraded to a Zhili Prefecture, with jurisdiction over Zhangping and Ningyang counties. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, Tingzhou Prefecture and Longyan Prefecture belonged to the Tingzhang Longdao.

During the period of the Republic of China

In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), the state and prefecture were abolished, and Longyan was restored as a county under the jurisdiction of Xilu Road. In 1926, the road system was abolished and each county was directly under the jurisdiction of a province. In July 1934, it was divided into the Seventh Administrative Inspectorate (stationed in Longyan, governing 7 counties including Longyan, Yongding, Shanghang, Wuping, Zhangping, Ningyang, and Hua'an) and the Eighth Administrative Inspectorate (stationed in Changting, governing 6 counties including Changting, Liancheng, Ninghua, Qingliu, Mingxi, and Yong'an). In October 1935, it was divided into the Sixth Administrative Inspectorate (overseeing 7 counties including Longyan, Zhangping, Datian, Yongding, Shanghang, Hua'an, and Ningyang, as well as the Fengshi Special Zone) and the Seventh Administrative Inspectorate (overseeing 8 counties including Changting, Liancheng, Ninghua, Mingxi, Qingliu, Wuping, Jianning, and Taining). In 1947, seven counties including Longyan, Changting, Yongding, Shanghang, Wuping, Zhangping, and Liancheng were designated as the seventh administrative inspection area, stationed in Longyan.

The People's Republic of China

In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, Fujian Province established 8 special zones, with each county in western Fujian belonging to the eighth special zone. In April 1950, the Eighth Special Zone was renamed Longyan Special Zone.

In March 1956, it was incorporated into Yong'an, Ninghua, Qingliu, and Ningyang counties, and Ningyang County was abolished in July.

In 1963, Yong'an, Ninghua, and Qingliu counties were transferred to the Sanming Special Zone.

In 1970, Longyan Special Zone was renamed Longyan Region.

In 1981, Longyan County was abolished and a county-level Longyan City was established.

In 1990, Zhangping County was abolished and a county-level Zhangping City was established.

In March 1997, Longyan City at the county level was abolished and replaced by Silla District. On May 1st, the Longyan area was abolished and a prefecture level Longyan city was established, with the municipal government located in Silla District.

In February 2015, Yongding County was abolished and Yongding District was established.

As of June 2023, Longyan City has jurisdiction over 2 municipal districts, 4 counties, and manages 1 county-level city: Silla District, Yongding District, Changting County, Shanghang County, Wuping County, Liancheng County, and Zhangping City. The Municipal People's Government is located at No.1 Longyan Avenue, Longyan City.

Location Domain

Longyan City is located in the western part of Fujian Province, commonly known as Minxi. The city is located at 115 ° 50 ′ 56 "to 117 ° 44 ′ 15" east longitude and 24 ° 22 ′ 31 "to 26 ° 2 ′ 35" north latitude. It borders Quanzhou City and Zhangzhou City to the east, Ganzhou City in Jiangxi Province to the west, Meizhou City in Guangdong Province to the south, and Sanming City to the north. It is located at the junction of coastal areas and inland hinterland, and is the main channel connecting the southern Fujian coast and inland areas, with a total area of 19028 square kilometers.

climate

Longyan City belongs to the subtropical maritime monsoon climate, with a mild climate and distinct four seasons. The annual average temperature is 20.5 ℃, the annual precipitation is 1479 millimeters, and the annual sunshine hours are 1768 hours.

topographic features

Longyan City belongs to the subtropical maritime monsoon climate, with a mild climate and distinct four seasons. The annual average temperature is 20.5 ℃, the annual precipitation is 1479 millimeters, and the annual sunshine hours are 1768 hours.

hydrology

The rivers within Longyan City belong to the four major river basins of Tingjiang, Jiulong River, Minjiang River, and Yangtze River. Among them, the Tingjiang River basin covers an area of 10955 square kilometers, accounting for 57.5%; The Jiulong River Basin covers an area of 6690 square kilometers, accounting for 35.1%; The Minjiang River Basin covers an area of 1220 square kilometers, accounting for 6.4%; The Yangtze River Basin covers an area of 185 square kilometers, accounting for 0.97%. The main river channel is the 0-grade Jiulong River, with a total length of 147 kilometers within the territory; There are 17 first-class rivers, including Tingjiang, Shiyao, Songyuan, Yanshi, Xinqiao, Xinnan, Xixi, Luokou, and Wenchuan, with a total length of 1069 kilometers; There are 60 secondary rivers, including Zhuotian River, Jiuxian River, Miaoqian River, Pingchuan River, Zhongchi River, Qiushan River, Chenpi River, Linbang River, Jiupeng River, with a total length of 1954 kilometers; There are 51 third level rivers with a total length of 1014 kilometers; There are four fourth level rivers with a total length of 91 kilometers. The total length of the river is 4128 kilometers, and the density of the river network is 0.22 kilometers per square kilometer. The largest river in the area is Tingjiang, with a total length of 285 kilometers. Its main tributaries include Zhuotian River, Xiaolan River, Jiuxian River, Huangtan River, Yongding River, etc.

land resource

As of December 2019, Longyan City has 117440.08 hectares of arable land, 39082.84 hectares of garden land, 1590008.58 hectares of forest land, 7739.84 hectares of grassland, 529.10 hectares of wetlands, 65664.03 hectares of urban, rural, and industrial land, 26200.37 hectares of transportation land, and 33775.70 hectares of water and water conservancy facilities land.

water resource

In 2021, the surface water resources in Longyan City were 6.846 billion cubic meters, and the groundwater resources were 2.631 billion cubic meters. After deducting duplicate water volume, the total water resources in the city in 2021 were 6.846 billion cubic meters, with a per capita water resources of about 2507 cubic meters and an average water volume of 238.3 cubic meters per mu. The total annual water supply is 1.935 billion cubic meters, and the total annual water consumption is 1.935 billion cubic meters, a decrease of 41 million cubic meters from the previous year. Among them, the irrigation water consumption for farmland is 1.064 billion cubic meters, accounting for 55.0% of the total water consumption. In 2023, the total amount of water resources for the year will be 14.142 billion cubic meters.

Forest resources

In 2023, the total area of afforestation for the whole year will be 117.069 million hectares. Among them, the total area of artificial afforestation and renewal completed was 108.84 million hectares. The output of commodity materials was 980600 cubic meters, a decrease of 19.8% from the previous year. There are a total of 3 nature reserves in the city, including 3 national level ones; The area of the nature reserve is 48800 hectares; There are 3 scenic spots, including 1 national level and 2 provincial level, with a total area of 13300 hectares. The forest coverage rate of the whole city is 79.21%.

Biological resources

Longyan City has 231 families, 868 genera, and 2543 species (including subspecies and varieties) of vascular plants, including 217 species of ferns in 85 genera and 42 families; 10 families, 25 genera, and 47 species of gymnosperms; There are 179 families, 758 genera, and 2279 species of angiosperms. There are 473 species belonging to 303 genera in 99 families of vertebrates, including 70 species belonging to 42 genera in 20 families of mammals, 211 species belonging to 135 genera in 41 families of birds, 30 species belonging to 12 genera in 8 families of amphibians, 70 species belonging to 40 genera in 10 families of reptiles, and 92 species belonging to 74 genera in 20 families of fish. There are 1860 species of insects in 140 families, 170 species of planktonic animals, 116 species of microbial macrofungi, and 218 species of algae.

mineral resources

Longyan City is rich in mineral resources, with 64 identified mineral types, including 3 energy minerals, 18 metallic minerals, 40 non-metallic minerals, and 3 other minerals. There are 33 kinds of proven resource reserves, of which 9 kinds of minerals, such as coal, iron, manganese, gold, copper, silver, limestone, kaolin, granite, are the dominant minerals in Longyan City. There are over 539 mineral areas with proven resource reserves, with 14 types of mineral resources ranking first in the province in terms of proven resource reserves. Among them, the coal resource reserves are 870 million tons, accounting for 57.92% of the province's resource reserves; The reserve of manganese ore resources is 6.0198 million tons, accounting for 63.9% of the province's total; The reserves of iron ore resources are 498 million tons, accounting for 71.04% of the province's total; The reserves of copper (metal) resources are 4.3683 million tons, accounting for 94.55% of the province's total; The reserve of gold (metal) resources is 324.67 tons, accounting for 75.08% of the province's total; The reserve of kaolin raw ore resources is 59.9986 million tons, accounting for 30.01% of the province's total; The reserve of bentonite resources is 16.9651 million tons, making it the only production area in the province.

environment

In terms of air quality, the annual average values of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, inhalable particulate matter, fine particulate matter, carbon monoxide, and ozone in the air quality monitoring indicators of the central city and six counties (cities, districts) have all reached the national second level standard. In terms of water environment quality, the comprehensive water quality ratio of Class I-III controlled by the national and provincial governments in the Jiulong River Basin, Tingjiang River (including Meijiang River) Basin, Minjiang River Basin, and Yangtze River Basin is 100%; The comprehensive water quality ratio of Class I-III in the controlled small watershed sections of Jiulong River, Tingjiang River (including Meijiang River), and Minjiang River provinces is 100%.

population size

According to the seventh national census data, as of midnight on November 1, 2020, the permanent population of Longyan City was 2723637.

As of the end of 2023, the permanent population of Longyan City was 2.693 million, a decrease of 23000 from the end of the previous year. Among them, the urban permanent population was 1.762 million, accounting for 65.44% of the total population (urbanization rate of permanent population), an increase of 1.29 percentage points from the end of the previous year. The birth rate of the permanent population for the whole year is 7.03 ‰, the death rate is 8.13 ‰, and the natural growth rate is -1.1 ‰. At the end of the year, the registered residence population was 3.146 million, a decrease of 116 thousand over the end of the previous year.

Ethnic composition

Longyan City has 49 ethnic minority groups with over 6000 people, accounting for approximately 13.6% of the minority population. The top 10 ethnic groups in terms of population are She, Miao, Tujia, Dong, Hui, Buyi, Zhuang, Yi, Manchu, and Mongolian, accounting for approximately 99% of the urban minority population. Mainly distributed in Longyan urban area and various counties (cities, districts), including government agencies, schools, enterprises and institutions, urban residents, and floating population. The population of urban ethnic minorities mainly consists of three parts: first, urban residents, mainly composed of ethnic groups who have lived for generations, mainly distributed in the urban area of Shanghang County; Secondly, those who settle in cities through policy factors such as job transfers, graduation assignments, and military career transitions are mainly distributed in Silla District. The third is the floating population of ethnic minorities, most of whom belong to the surplus labor force in rural areas of this city, and a small number of them come from western ethnic areas or other places to work in western Fujian.

Secretary of the Municipal Party Committee

Yu Hongsheng

Deputy Secretary of the Municipal Party Committee and Mayor

Hu Sheng

Chairman of the Standing Committee of the Municipal People's Congress

Zhan Changjian

Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the Municipal People's Congress

Zhang Ziping, Ma Guiqiu

Chairman of the Municipal Political Consultative Conference

Li Guiyi

Vice Chairman of the Municipal Political Consultative Conference

Zhang Xudong

Standing Committee Member of the Municipal Party Committee

Ma Yong

Deputy Mayor

Wang Bo, Zhan Chongren, Gao Dingbo, Qiu Kaiyang

overview

Longyan is a national gold and copper industry base, a national demonstration base for special vehicles and emergency industry production, and a national demonstration base for military civilian integration of new industrialization industries. It has initially formed six major industries, including non-ferrous metals, machinery and equipment, cultural tourism and health care, new materials and new energy, digital technology, and characteristic modern agriculture.

In 2024, Longyan City achieved a regional GDP of 341.868 billion yuan, an increase of 5.0% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 32.761 billion yuan, an increase of 2.6%; The added value of the secondary industry was 135.818 billion yuan, an increase of 2.0%; The added value of the tertiary industry was 173.29 billion yuan, an increase of 7.9%.

In 2024, the per capita disposable income of residents in Longyan City was 39307 yuan, an increase of 5.6% over the previous year. Among them, the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 50106 yuan, an increase of 4.7%; The per capita disposable income of rural residents was 27789 yuan, an increase of 6.7%.

In 2024, fixed assets investment (excluding railway) in Longyan City will increase by 0.4% over the previous year; Excluding real estate development investment, the city's fixed assets investment increased by 0.8%. Looking at different industries, investment in the primary industry increased by 17.1%, investment in the secondary industry increased by 1.0%, and investment in the tertiary industry decreased by 2.0%. By sector, manufacturing investment increased by 1.9%, private investment increased by 3.5%, real estate development investment decreased by 3.7%, infrastructure investment decreased by 7.2%, and high-tech industry investment decreased by 9.3%.

primary industry

In 2024, the output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery in Longyan City was 57.525 billion yuan, an increase of 2.6% over the previous year. Among them, the agricultural output value was 21.004 billion yuan, an increase of 2.8%; The forestry output value was 7.043 billion yuan, an increase of 4.5%; The output value of animal husbandry was 26.686 billion yuan, an increase of 1.8%; The fishery output value was 1.465 billion yuan, an increase of 4.0%; The output value of the service industry was 1.327 billion yuan, an increase of 2.6%. The total vegetable output was 1.777 million tons, an increase of 3.0%; The total output of edible mushrooms was 61100 tons, an increase of 4.1%. The total meat production was 712100 tons, a decrease of 0.2%; The total output of aquatic products was 71400 tons, an increase of 4.0%.

the secondary industry

In 2024, the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size in Longyan City increased by 3.8% compared to the previous year. Divided into three major categories, the mining industry grew by 6.4%, the manufacturing industry grew by 3.2%, and the electricity, heat, gas, and water production and supply industries grew by 12.8%. In terms of economic types, the added value of state-owned enterprises increased by 7.9%, joint-stock enterprises increased by 4.4%, and foreign and Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan invested enterprises decreased by 3.6%. In terms of products, the output of finished iron ore, limestone, and excavator shovel transportation equipment products increased by 4.3%, 11.7%, and 4.2% respectively.

the service sector; the tertiary industry

Trade

In 2024, Longyan City achieved a total retail sales of consumer goods of 152.715 billion yuan, an increase of 2.7% over the previous year. According to the location of the operating units, the retail sales of consumer goods in urban areas above designated size reached 33.505 billion yuan, an increase of 2.7%; The retail sales of consumer goods in rural areas above the quota reached 4.066 billion yuan, an increase of 4.2%. Classified by consumption type, retail sales of goods above designated size reached 32.696 billion yuan, an increase of 1.7%; The catering revenue above the quota was 4.875 billion yuan, an increase of 11.0%. Green intelligent products are highly sought after in the market. The demand for green and intelligent consumer goods such as new energy vehicles, smart home appliances and audiovisual equipment, smartphones, wearable smart devices, etc., which are restricted to the upper limit in the city, continues to be strong, with growth rates of 37.8%, 24.0%, 22.6%, and 12.2% respectively.

Transportation, Post and Telecommunications, and Tourism

In 2022, the transportation, warehousing, and postal industries in Longyan City achieved an added value of 11.253 billion yuan, an increase of 5.2% over the previous year.

In 2023, Longyan City completed a total of 1.465 billion yuan in postal industry business, an increase of 16.8% over the previous year; The total amount of telecommunications services completed (calculated at a constant unit price in 2022) was 2.978 billion yuan, an increase of 10.7%. The postal industry completed 805000 postal letter transactions throughout the year, an increase of 19.1%; 55500 parcels were processed, an increase of 220.8%; The volume of express delivery services reached 105 million, an increase of 14.2%; The revenue from express delivery business was 780 million yuan, an increase of 11.7%. At the end of the year, the total number of telephone users was 3.517 million, an increase of 0.9%. Among them, there were 601600 fixed line telephone users, an increase of 4.3%; There were 2.9154 million mobile phone users, an increase of 0.2%. The telephone penetration rate is 129.49 units per 100 people. The number of 5G mobile phone users reached 1.358 million, an increase of 44.2%. The number of fixed Internet broadband access users was 1.4364 million, an increase of 3.0%, and the penetration rate of fixed broadband households was 125.13 per 100 households. 2.626 million mobile Internet users, up 0.9%.

In 2023, the total tourism revenue of Longyan City was 59.545 billion yuan, an increase of 52.1% over the previous year. Among them, domestic tourism revenue was 59.341 billion yuan, an increase of 51.9%; Tourism foreign exchange revenue was 29 million US dollars, an increase of 162.4%. The total number of tourists received throughout the year was 64.1041 million, an increase of 48.1%. Among them, the number of domestic tourists reached 64.0336 million, an increase of 48.0%; Received 70400 inbound tourists, an increase of 490.3%.

Finance and Insurance

At the end of 2024, the balance of domestic and foreign currency deposits of financial institutions in Longyan City was 337.825 billion yuan, an increase of 6.1% over the previous year. Among them, household deposits amounted to 191.791 billion yuan, an increase of 8.9%. The balance of domestic and foreign currency loans of financial institutions was 379.959 billion yuan, an increase of 6.5%.

At the end of 2023, there were 8 A-share listed companies in Longyan City with a total market value of 357.307 billion yuan, an increase of 23.7% over the previous year. The annual premium income of insurance companies was 7.241 billion yuan, an increase of 5.9% over the previous year. Among them, property insurance amounted to 2.14 billion yuan; Personal insurance is 5.101 billion yuan. Payment of various types of compensation and payment of 2.678 billion yuan, an increase of 7.6%. Among them, property insurance was 1.262 billion yuan and personal insurance was 1.416 billion yuan.

overview

By the end of 2022, Longyan City has built a modern three-dimensional transportation network consisting of one airport, four highways, four railways, and eight national and provincial roads, achieving access to highways and railways in all counties (cities, districts).

highway

Longyan Changting Expressway and Yong'an Wuping Expressway; The two Fujian Jiangxi expressways, namely Shanghang Jiaoyang to Chengguan Expressway, Yongchun to Yongding Expressway, and Wuping Shifang to Dongliu (connecting Xunwu County in Jiangxi Province), will construct a transportation corridor connecting the eastern and western parts, as well as the central and western parts, to Meizhou Bay in Fujian Province.

In 2022, the road freight transportation volume in Longyan City was 109.26 million tons, a decrease of 4.2%; The turnover of goods transportation was 13.523 billion tons per kilometer, an increase of 11.0%; The transportation volume of road passengers was 7.43 million, a decrease of 14.8%; The passenger transportation turnover was 598 million person kilometers, a decrease of 13.7%. The total length of highways opened to traffic was 15039 kilometers, an increase of 1.4% over the previous year. Among them, a total of 805 kilometers of expressway network have been built.

As of the end of 2022, the number of motor vehicles in Longyan City was 1.2268 million (including three wheeled vehicles and low-speed trucks), an increase of 3.4% compared to the end of the previous year. Among them, the number of private cars was 499700, an increase of 4.5%. The total number of cars in the city was 449200, an increase of 5.4%, among which the number of private cars was 427000, an increase of 5.4%.

At the end of 2023, the number of civilian cars was 577000, an increase of 18000 from the end of the previous year, including 517000 private cars, an increase of 17000. The number of civilian cars in stock was 467000, an increase of 18000, including 445000 private cars, an increase of 18000.

Railway

Longyan Changting Expressway and Yong'an Wuping Expressway; The two Fujian Jiangxi expressways, namely Shanghang Jiaoyang to Chengguan Expressway, Yongchun to Yongding Expressway, and Wuping Shifang to Dongliu (connecting Xunwu County in Jiangxi Province), will construct a transportation corridor connecting the eastern and western parts, as well as the central and western parts, to Meizhou Bay in Fujian Province.

In 2022, the road freight transportation volume in Longyan City was 109.26 million tons, a decrease of 4.2%; The turnover of goods transportation was 13.523 billion tons per kilometer, an increase of 11.0%; The transportation volume of road passengers was 7.43 million, a decrease of 14.8%; The passenger transportation turnover was 598 million person kilometers, a decrease of 13.7%. The total length of highways opened to traffic was 15039 kilometers, an increase of 1.4% over the previous year. Among them, a total of 805 kilometers of expressway network have been built.

As of the end of 2022, the number of motor vehicles in Longyan City was 1.2268 million (including three wheeled vehicles and low-speed trucks), an increase of 3.4% compared to the end of the previous year. Among them, the number of private cars was 499700, an increase of 4.5%. The total number of cars in the city was 449200, an increase of 5.4%, among which the number of private cars was 427000, an increase of 5.4%.

At the end of 2023, the number of civilian cars was 577000, an increase of 18000 from the end of the previous year, including 517000 private cars, an increase of 17000. The number of civilian cars in stock was 467000, an increase of 18000, including 445000 private cars, an increase of 18000.

aviation

Longyan Guanneneneba Zhishan Airport has been built in Longyan City, and routes to Shenzhen and Xiamen have been opened. In 2022, the air passenger throughput was 62100, a decrease of 56.6%; The cargo and mail throughput was 769.93 tons, a decrease of 26.8%; The air cargo turnover was 1.092 million ton kilometers, a decrease of 18.8%; The passenger turnover was 6.0843 million person kilometers, a decrease of 47.5%; The passenger and freight turnover was 7.1763 million ton kilometers, a decrease of 44.5%. In 2023, the air cargo turnover was 1.6984 million ton kilometers, an increase of 55.5%; Passenger turnover was 18.1738 million person kilometers, an increase of 198.7%; The passenger and freight turnover was 19.8723 million ton kilometers, an increase of 176.9%.

education

In 2023, Longyan City will enroll 8206 ordinary undergraduate and junior college students (including 3941 vocational college students), with 26962 students and 7732 graduates. The employment rate of graduates from ordinary universities is 95.26%. Secondary vocational education (excluding technical schools) enrolled 8207 students, with 22673 current students and 6673 graduates. 19556 students were enrolled in regular high schools, with 54324 students and 14615 graduates. 35954 students were enrolled in junior high school, with 103423 students and 32735 graduates. Ordinary primary schools enrolled 49541 students, with 287481 students and 35794 graduates. Special education enrolled 263 students, with 1448 current students and 299 graduates. There are 97622 preschool children in the kindergarten. The consolidation rate of nine-year compulsory education is 100.06%.

Science and Technology

As of the end of 2022, Longyan City had 6163 patent authorizations (including 491 invention patent authorizations), and the city had 1989 valid invention patents, an increase of 21.7% over the previous year, with a total of 7.313 invention patents per 10000 people. Six newly selected national intellectual property advantage enterprises, 15 newly selected provincial intellectual property advantage enterprises, and 25 newly selected Longyan City intellectual property advantage enterprises. 172 national high-tech enterprises in the city have been recognized, with a net increase of 90, an increase of 23.8%. 176 city level science and technology plan projects were launched and implemented throughout the year, with a total of 46.28 million yuan allocated for science and technology plan projects and reward subsidies. 74 projects were included in provincial-level and above science and technology plans. Nine high-level innovation platforms at or above the provincial level have been added.

As of the end of 2023, there were 2517 valid invention patents, an increase of 26.5% from the end of the previous year, with a total of 9.22 invention patents per 10000 people. One newly selected national intellectual property demonstration enterprise, seven newly selected national intellectual property advantage enterprises, 14 newly selected provincial intellectual property advantage enterprises, and 20 newly selected Longyan City intellectual property advantage enterprises.

medical hygiene

At the end of 2023, Longyan City had a total of 2826 medical and health institutions, including 53 hospitals, 116 health centers, 25 community health service centers (stations), and 1942 village clinics. At the end of the year, there were a total of 23746 health technicians, including 8776 practicing (including assistant) physicians, 10686 registered nurses, and 1429 rural doctors and health workers. At the end of the year, there were a total of 21327 beds in medical institutions, including 15181 in hospitals and 5596 in primary healthcare institutions.

Cultural undertakings

By the end of 2023, Longyan City will have a total of 6 art performance groups, 8 mass art centers (cultural centers), 7 public libraries, a collection of 3.1072 million books, and 17 museums. Throughout the year, various art performance groups in the cultural system performed 554 times, attracting 70000 spectators. 428 social education activities were held, with a total of 284600 participants. At the end of the year, there were 26 cinemas with 177 screens and an annual box office of 72.2343 million yuan. There are 497100 cable TV users, with a digitalization rate of 100%. The comprehensive coverage rate of radio programs is 98.56%; The comprehensive coverage rate of television programs is 99.2%. Two types of newspapers were published throughout the year (excluding the school newspaper and sub edition), with a total print run of 136000 copies; There are 9 types of journals with a total print run of 45900 copies.

National first-class libraries: Longyan Library, Shanghang County Library.

Sports industry

In 2023, athletes from the city won a total of 20 gold, 12 silver, and 9 bronze medals in international and domestic competitions. At the 19th Hangzhou Asian Games, our city's athletes won 4 gold and 1 silver medals, achieving the best result for Longyan athletes in previous Asian Games; The 17th Longyan Sports Games features 3 categories, 43 major events, and 556 gold medals, attracting over 6000 athletes to participate; Two schools in the city have been awarded the titles of "National Handball Reserve Talent Base", two schools have been awarded the title of "National High level Sports Reserve Talent Base", and one school has been awarded the title of "National Sports Reserve Talent Base"; Two "2023 China Sports Tourism Boutique Projects" and one "2023 China Sports Tourism Boutique Project" have been awarded; 62 new first level athletes and 226 new second level athletes have been added. More than 280 national fitness sports events were organized throughout the year, with a total of 380000 participants. 12 first level social sports instructors and 116 second level social sports instructors were added throughout the year; There are a total of 7650 sports venues of various types in the city, with a total area of 7.407 million square meters and an average per capita area of 2.73 square meters. The National Women's Softball Championships Cup, China Longyan Yongding Longhu Fishing Festival, China Rafting Talent TV (Online) Live Elite Competition, Eight Provinces and One City Boat Fishing Road Sub Elite Competition and other national sports events were successfully held; A total of 300000 yuan of sports consumption vouchers were distributed throughout the year, driving sports consumption by approximately 704000 yuan and benefiting 36000 people through sports; The total sales of sports lottery tickets for the year was 726 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 31.4%, and 111.2% of the annual target was completed.

social security

At the end of 2023, the number of people participating in the basic old-age insurance for urban employees in Longyan City was 894100, an increase of 47900 from the end of the previous year. Among them, there are 75002 insured employees and 143900 insured retirees. The number of people participating in basic medical insurance is 2.725 million, including 525300 insured employees and 2.1997 million urban and rural residents. The number of people participating in unemployment insurance was 363400, an increase of 7600 from the end of the previous year.

At the end of 2023, the number of people receiving unemployment insurance benefits in Longyan City was 14325, an increase of 3258 from the end of the previous year; 3253 residents have been included in the urban minimum living allowance, an increase of 49 people; 57712 residents were included in the rural minimum living allowance, an increase of 1959; 8791 urban and rural extremely poor people.

As of the end of 2022, Longyan City has a total of 23010 beds for various types of elderly care, with 43.51 beds per thousand elderly people. There are currently 2085 community service centers (stations) in the city (133 community service centers+1952 community service stations). The annual sales of welfare lottery tickets amounted to 139.5351 million yuan, raising over 41 million yuan in welfare lottery public welfare funds for the country.

Confucian culture

Since the middle of the Ming Dynasty, there have been frequent uprisings among mountain people in the mountainous areas along the Fujian Guangdong border. Mountain people have been fighting against the government, burning, killing, and plundering, causing trouble on one side. In 1512, Zhong Cong, Zhang Fantang, Li Sizai, and others led a rebellion of the She and Han ethnic groups in the border areas of Shanghang and Xunwu in Fujian, Guangdong, and Jiangxi provinces. Zhan Shifu was stationed in Luxi and Xianghu Mountain (now Hushan Township, Yongding District) in Yongding, with many followers and a strong influence. After pacifying the local rebellion, Wang Yangming issued the "Xiangyue Jiaoyu" in Longyan, which is known as the "Teaching of Wang Wencheng Gong" in history. The "Xiangyue Jiaoyu" is a normative agreement based on the Confucian concept of benevolence and love, promoting rural governance, promoting civilized education, building grassroots social order, and enabling villagers to abide by it in their daily lives. In the seventh year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty, Deng Fanxi, the Supervisor of the County of Longyan County, built the "Sanxian Temple" beside Longyan Cave at the foot of Cuiping Mountain in the southeast of the city to honor Zhu Xi, Wen Tianxiang and Wang Yangming, and let the people worship them, reflecting the admiration of Longyan people. During the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, the "Longyan Prefectural Annals" once again published the "Xiangyue Jiaoyu", which enabled it to govern and educate.

Hakka culture

The relationship between Hakka and She ethnic groups is very close, and the formation of Hakka and its culture is the result of long-term interaction between the Han and She ethnic groups. Hakka people continue to infiltrate, absorb, and dissolve the customs of the Minyue and She ethnic groups, especially the She ethnic group, who originally lived in Changting. So far, there are as many as 20-30 places named after the She character. They have long interacted with Hakka people, developed into intermarriage, and influenced each other's customs.

Wuping County is one of the important settlements of Hakka people in western Fujian, and also an important place of residence for the She ethnic group in history. But during the Qing Dynasty, many She ethnic groups had already been sinicized and became one of the main components of the Hakka people. After taking the Han surname, many She ethnic groups adopted the four major surnames Zhong, Lan, Pan, and Lei as their Han surnames. Some changed Pan to Pan, Lei to Lv and Lou, Lan to Lan, and so on.

Dragon Boat Festival customs

Loong Boat Festival, also known as the May Festival by Hakka people in Changting, is one of the three major festivals of the year, namely "May, August and wax". In addition to wrapping Zongzi with bamboo leaves, eating realgar wine, racing Loong Boat, hanging calamus and other customs in the Central Plains, on the fifth day of May, men, women and children all bathed with "medicine and water". Medicinal water "is made by frying herbs and plants that can be used as medicine on the mountain.

Yongding Hakka Folk Songs

In places where Hakka people live, Hakka folk songs are basically passed down. Located in Yongding District, Longyan City, western Fujian Province, it is a place that produces Hakka folk songs and is known as the "hometown of folk songs". They blended the Central Plains culture with the Minyue culture, absorbed the essence of the local She and Yao folk songs, and created many Yongding Hakka folk songs with Hakka cultural characteristics.

Getting married

The wedding of Hakka people in western Fujian has a unique charm. After the welcoming team from the male family arrives at the female family's home, the bride needs to stand in a rice sieve with the Eight Trigrams and Tai Chi diagram drawn at the door and change into new shoes, known as passing through the "rice sieve". This symbolizes leaving behind the living land (wealth) of the mother's family and going to her in laws' house to start a new business. Then the bride was carried out of the house, and when she got on the car, her brother had to pour a bowl of water onto the car, indicating that she was a married woman and the water had been spilled. At this moment, the bride should burst into tears. After arriving at the man's house, the bride also needs to cross the fiery red charcoal stove to show "prosperity". Afterwards, the various procedures of the wedding began.

Hakka Cool Hat

Hakka cool hats have a history of over 1000 years. A cool hat is made of thin strips or straw, with a cloth sewn on the top of the hat. Around the brim of the hat, except for the front, there is a colorful cloth hanging about five inches long. Unmarried girls also need to hang colorful ribbons at both ends of the cloth. Colorful ribbons are a symbol of whether Hakka girls are married or not. In addition to providing shade, rain, and dust protection, a cool hat is also a unique headwear for Hakka women.

Gutian You Dalong

The Gu Tian You Da Long activity began in the Ming Dynasty and has a history of over 400 years. Its purpose is to pray for good weather and abundant harvests. The local Hakka people organize dragon outings on a village by village basis, and according to tradition, the family of the last surname who is turned is responsible for hosting the event every year.

Traveling through ancient times

The grand event of taking ancient events to make Yuanxiao (Filled round balls made of glutinous rice-flour for Lantern Festival) for Hakka people is popular in Liancheng and Yongding counties, especially in Liancheng Luofang. It is said that Luofang used to suffer from drought and waterlogging. The fourteenth ancestor of the local Luo family recruited the Duke as a member of the Qing Dynasty. He once served as the prefect of Ningzhou, Shaanxi Province, and the Supervisor of the County of Wuling County, Hunan Province. When he returned to Zizi after leaving office, he transferred the ancient stories that spread in Hunan to his hometown to pray for good weather, peace and prosperity of the country and the people, and also to promote recreational activities among the people. From then on, it has been passed down to this day.

Hakka cuisine

The Eight Great Dried Foods of Western Fujian are one of the representatives of Hakka cuisine in Fujian. The word "Western Fujian" means "Tingzhou", located in the western part of Fujian. The Eight Great Dried Foods of Western Fujian include: Changting Tofu Dried, Liancheng Sweet Potato Dried, Shanghang Radish Dried, Yongding Vegetable Dried, Qingliu Bamboo Shoots Dried, Wuping Pig Gallbladder Dried, Mingxi Pork jerky Dried, and Ninghua Mouse Dried.

She ethnic culture

The permanent population of Longyan She ethnic group is 30200, including Shanghang Guanzhuang She Ethnic Township and Shanghang Lufeng She Ethnic Township. The She ethnic group calls themselves "Shanha", which means customers living in the mountains. The She ethnic group was originally the largest ethnic group in eastern Guangdong. As early as more than 1200 years ago, the ancestors of the She ethnic group had already settled and multiplied in Shanghang. In the long-term historical process, the She culture and Hakka culture have blended together, forming the cultural personality of the She ethnic group in western Fujian. On the third day of the third lunar month, playing mountain songs, playing leaves, and wearing phoenix costumes are the She ethnic culture passed down from generation to generation. Maziba Wailongwu is known as the "King of Weiwu" in western Fujian, reflecting the harmonious integration of the She and Hakka ethnic groups.

language

Longyan City is located in a mountainous area, where population migration and changes have been significant throughout history. The formation of dialects is complex, and coupled with mountainous barriers, language development is slow. The situation of "five miles of different sounds, ten miles of different tones" is quite common. After the Middle Ages, the western part of Fujian was divided into two prefectures: one was the jurisdiction of Zhangzhou Prefecture, including the present-day Xinluo District and Zhangping City; One is the jurisdiction of Tingzhou Prefecture, including present-day Yongding, Shanghang, Wuping, Changting, and Liancheng counties. The former belongs to the Minnan dialect area, while the latter belongs to the Minxi Hakka dialect area. Geographically speaking, it belongs to three areas: the Tingjiang River Basin includes four counties: Changting, Wuping, Shanghang, and Yongding, which are more consistent with the Hakka dialect of Meixian County in Guangdong Province; The Minjiang River Basin, mainly in the northeast of Liancheng, has a close relationship with the Hakka dialect in northern Fujian; The Jiulong River Basin, including Silla District and Zhangping City, belongs to the Minnan dialect area. In addition, there is a Kongfu dialect island located in the mountainous area at the border of Silla District and Yongding County.

Religion

Longyan City currently has four major religions: Buddhism, Catholicism, Christianity, and Taoism. There are 365 legally registered religious activity venues (including 291 Buddhist venues, 59 Christian venues, 8 Catholic venues, and 7 Taoist venues), with over 100000 believers (over 82000 Buddhist believers, over 15000 Christians, over 1700 Catholics, and over 200 Taoists), and 417 religious personnel (including 258 Buddhists, 120 Christians, 4 Catholics, and 35 Taoists). There are 1785 folk belief activity venues with a certain scale, including 15 provincial-level folk belief registration points, 103 city level folk belief registration points, and 91 county-level registration points.

Cultural Relic

As of June 2023, Longyan City has one World Cultural Heritage site, namely the Yongding Tulou in Fujian Province (including the Chuxi Tulou Group, Hongkeng Tulou Group, Gaobei Tulou Group, Yanxiang Tower, and Zhenfu Tower, totaling 23 main buildings); There are 16 national key cultural relics protection units (124 points), 137 provincial cultural relics protection units (241 points), and 533 county protection units (565 points).

Intangible Cultural Heritage

As of November 2023, Longyan City has 10 national intangible cultural heritage projects, 58 provincial intangible cultural heritage projects, and 267 municipal intangible cultural heritage projects.

City symbol

The city flowers of Longyan City are Jianlan and camellia, and the city flower is camphor.

overview

Among the top ten tourism brands in Fujian, Longyan accounts for two, namely "Mysterious Hakka Tulou" and "Glorious Gutian Conference". The "Hakka Tour" represented by Yongding Hakka Tulou, the "Green Tour" represented by Guanzhi Mountain, Longdang Cave, Jiupeng Stream and Meihua Mountain, and the "Red Tour" represented by Gutian Conference Site are famous tourist boutiques at home and abroad. There is also the largest fifth generation theme park in Fujian Province, Zhigao Shenzhou Happy Park. As of May 2022, Longyan City has a total of 54 national A-level tourist attractions, including 2 national AAAAA level tourist attractions, 12 national AAAA level tourist attractions, and 38 national AAAA level tourist attractions. In December 2024, Longyan City will add one national AAAAA tourist attraction (Longyan Guanzhi Mountain Scenic Area). Longyan has become the prefecture level city in Fujian Province with the most national 5A level tourist attractions.

The Red Journey

The site of the Gutian Conference is located in the southwest of Fujian Province, at the southern foot of the Meihua Mountain Nature Reserve. The scenic area is rich in tourism resources and diverse types, including the Gutian Conference site, the former office of the Communist Party of China's Red Fourth Army and the former site of the Red Fourth Army Political Department, Songyin Hall, the former site of the Red Fourth Army Command, Zhongxing Hall, and the former site of Mao Zedong's "A Spark Can Ignite the Plains" writing, Xiecheng Store, and 14 other sites. In October 2015, it was successfully upgraded to a national AAAAA level tourist attraction and awarded honors such as "Top Ten Excellent Patriotic Education Bases in China" and "National Red Tourism Classic Scenic Area".

Hakka Journey

The Earthen Building in Fujian Province Yongding Hakka Tulou is famous for its long history, variety, grand scale, ingenious structure, complete functions and rich connotation. In July 2008, the Earthen Building in Fujian Province, with Yongding Hakka Tulou as the main body, was included in the World Cultural Heritage List. In April 2010, Yongding Tulou won four Guinness records, including "the oldest, most, largest, and highest". In August 2011, it was awarded the National AAAAA Tourist Attraction.

Ecological Journey

Meihua Mountain South China Tiger Garden Ecotourism Scenic Area is one of the first national ecotourism demonstration areas, a national AAAA level scenic spot, a Fujian Province primary and secondary school student research and practice education base, and a four-star forest family in Fujian Province. The scenic area is located in Buyun Township, Shanghang County, only 8 kilometers away from the Gutian Site. The scenic area is located at the southern foot of Meihua Mountain, which is praised by experts at home and abroad as the "green jade on the Tropic of Cancer Desert Belt". It is one of the birthplaces of Minjiang River, Tingjiang River and Jiulong River, with an average altitude of about 1250 meters and a forest coverage rate of over 94%. It has a high content of negative oxygen ions and is known as a natural oxygen bar.

Golden Tour

The national industrial tourism demonstration site is located north of Shanghang County and on the left bank of the Tingjiang River. The mountains are characterized by "strange and rugged rocks, towering above the sky", and are known as the "number one scenic spot in Hangzhou and Sichuan". There are extremely rich gold and copper mines hidden in the mountains, which are metaphorically referred to as "copper dolls wearing gold hats".

Technology Journey

Zhigao Shenzhou Happy Park is located in Dongxiao Town, Silla District, with an area of nearly one million square meters and an investment of 3.5 billion yuan. It has six major theme scenic areas, including Tianma Square, Caribbean "Ship Wonders", Easter Egg Park, Hakka Style Area, Adventure World, and Magic Area, as well as six major anime and film projects such as Tianmu Cinema and more than 30 large-scale amusement facilities such as roller coasters. It is Fujian's own Disney and also the largest, most complete, and technologically advanced anime technology theme park in Fujian Province.

Huayan

Famous painter of the Qing Dynasty. People from Shanghang, overseas Chinese residing in Yangzhou

Longyan City will encourage Taiwanese institutions to engage in exchanges and cooperation with Longyan in areas such as radio, television, film, and television dramas. It will also encourage Taiwanese media and Longyan media to carry out "retracement of the Hakka migration path" exchange activities and produce cross-strait Hakka cultural themed programs such as "Cross Strait Hakka" and "Delicious Hakka".

Longyan will provide active support for Taiwanese businessmen and compatriots to establish cultural and creative enterprises in Longyan, support the entry of cultural and creative products from both regions into the cultural and creative market for regular exhibitions, displays, and transactions, and carry out in-depth promotion and publicity. Encourage and support Taiwan's private capital to enter the cultural industry field, expand and strengthen backbone cultural enterprises, create a number of Longtai arts and crafts production and manufacturing bases, Strait Buddha cultural industry bases, and plan the construction of farmers' painting industrial parks.

At the same time, Longyan will also strengthen academic research exchanges in the fields of Hakka culture, Hakka literature and art, ancestral hall genealogy, etc. between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait, attract and support Taiwanese artists to participate in Longyan City's art creation team, and jointly create art works on traditional culture and other themes across the Taiwan Strait. Longyan encourages recommending Taiwanese compatriots to participate in provincial and municipal literature and art awards and projects.

Wollongong, Australia (2000)

Pussy, France (2008)

Philippstad, Sweden (2010)

San Fernando City, Catamarca Province, Argentina (2023)

2012

Title of "Charming City with Chinese Characteristics" and "National Garden City"

2015

National Forest City

2017

The 5th National Civilized City

2017

Top 200 Charming Cities with Chinese Characteristics

2018

Top 100 Foreign Trade Cities in China

April 2, 2018

The Ministry of Science and Technology and the National Development and Reform Commission have released a list of cities supporting the construction of innovative cities in a new batch of cities

2019

Ranked 35th among the top 100 prefecture level cities in China

2019

Ranked 88th in China's urban green competitiveness

2019

Top 100 cities in China's comprehensive well-off index

2019

Ranked 35th on the Top 100 Chinese City Brand Evaluation Rankings (prefecture level cities)

2019

Ranked 70th in the 2019 China Urban Science and Technology Innovation Development Index

October 2020

National Model City (County) for Double Support

November 2020

The 6th National Advanced City (District) for Ideological and Moral Construction of Minors

December 25, 2020

The National Health Commission and others awarded the "Advanced Province (City) Award for Voluntary Blood Donation"

May 2021

List of "Top 100 Brand Cities in China's Prefecture level Cities"

May 14, 2021

National Experimental Zone for Labor Education in Primary and Secondary Schools

June 2021

List of Demonstration Cities for Systematic and Comprehensive Promotion of Sponge City Construction in 2021

October 12, 2021

The fifth batch of national ecological civilization construction demonstration zones

October 2021

2020 Top 100 Chinese Foreign Trade Cities List

October 2021

List of the Second Batch of National Cultural and Tourism Consumption Pilot Cities

March 2022

Ranked 78th on the "2022 Top 100 Vibrant Cities in China" list

June 2022

List of National Pilot Cities for Youth Development and Demonstration Zones for Inclusive Financial Development Supported by the Central Government in 2022

November 2022

National Forestry Carbon Sequestration Pilot City and "2022 China Leading Smart City" Title

December 2022

The second batch of experimental zones for comprehensive reform of basic education by the Ministry of Education

March 2023

List of Demonstration Cities for Public Employment and Entrepreneurship Services Creation