Greater Snow (Da Xue)

Around December 7 of the Gregorian calendar every year, when the sun reaches 255 degrees of the Yellow meridian, it is the solar term of "heavy snow". Wu Cheng of the Yuan Dynasty wrote the work "the collection of the seventy-two waiting times of the lunar order", which said: "at this point, the snow is full." Heavy snow in the work means that the weather is colder, and the possibility of snowfall is greater than that in light snow solar terms, which does not mean that the amount of snowfall must be large. Heavy snow solar terms, like light snow, rain, grain rain and other solar terms, are solar terms that directly reflect precipitation. The twenty-four solar terms are the product of agricultural civilization. The climatic factors affecting agricultural production are mainly precipitation, temperature and light. Like the light snow solar terms, the heavy snow solar terms reflect the change trend of temperature and precipitation. It is the reflection of agricultural culture on festivals. Heavy snow is a solar term reflecting climate characteristics. Climate elements include precipitation, temperature and light, among which precipitation is an important element of climate. In meteorology, rain, snow, hail and other water vapor condensates falling from the sky to the ground are called "precipitation". The arrival of heavy snow in the solar term means that the weather is getting colder and colder and the precipitation is increasing.

"Heavy snow" in the sense of solar terms is not necessarily related to the "heavy snow" described in the weather forecast. The heavy snow solar term is a climate concept, which represents the climate characteristics during the heavy snow solar term. Because "Snow" is the product of water vapor cooling, representing cold and precipitation. The name "heavy snow" is a metaphor, which reflects the climate change during this solar term, the active cold current, the decrease of temperature and the increase of precipitation. The "heavy snow" in the weather forecast refers to the snow with heavy snowfall intensity. Meteorology stipulates that when it snows, the visibility is very poor, the horizontal visibility distance is less than 500m, the snow depth in the ground area is equal to or greater than 5cm, or the snowfall volume reaches 5.0 ~ 9.9mm within 24 hours, which is called heavy snow.

"Heavy snow" is a solar term reflecting the climate characteristics. The characteristics of heavy snow solar term are that the temperature decreases significantly and the precipitation increases. In the season of heavy snow, most parts of China have entered winter, and the minimum temperature has dropped to 0 ℃ or below. In the area where the cold and warm air meet in front of the strong cold air, it will fall heavy snow or even blizzard. At this time, there is gradually snow in the Yellow River Basin, while it is snowing further north.

In fact, the solar term with the most snow and heavy snow in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and its surrounding areas is neither "light snow and heavy snow", nor "light cold and heavy cold" (because the temperature was lower and there was less water vapor in the atmosphere at that time), but the rain solar term in late February. For example, on February 25, 1959 and February 23, 1979, the maximum snow depth in Beijing reached a record 24 cm. The reason is similar to "light snow is heavier than heavy snow". That is, the coldest period of the year has passed in late February. In early spring, the warm air in the South began to be active and the water vapor began to be rich. At this time, the cold air force in the north is still strong and strong confrontation. The heating flow rises strongly and persistently on the back of the dense cold air flow, so it may fall heavy snow.

In the south, especially in Guangzhou and the Pearl River Delta, there are still lush vegetation, which is very different from the climate in the north. The winter climate in the south is mild and less rain and snow. Although there is little rain and snow, it is foggy. Generally, December is the month with the most foggy days. Fog usually occurs in the morning when there is no or little cloud at night. Meteorology calls it radiation fog.

The most common solar term of heavy snow is cooling. According to statistics, the month with the most strong cold air in China is November. After the strong cold air, the average temperature in most parts of the north in December is about - 20 ℃ to - 5 ℃, and frost will also occur in the south. The strong cold air can often bring snow or blizzard.

The ancients of China divided the heavy snow into three periods: first, the babbler does not sing; Second, wait for the tiger to hand in; Three waiting litchi sticks out. It means that because of the cold weather at this time, the cold horn birds no longer sing; At this time, Yin Qi is the most prosperous. The so-called prosperity and decline, Yang Qi has sprouted, and the tiger began to have courtship behavior; "Li" is Malan grass, that is, Malan Flower. It is said that it can also feel the sprouting of Yang and sprout new buds.

The river is closed by heavy snow and the mountain is closed by light snow. From light snow solar term to heavy snow solar term, the amount of snow continues to increase. Generally speaking, the more snow falls at this time, the better. It plays a key role in the accumulation of surface water in the coming year.

At this time, the snow can keep warm and moisturize winter wheat and prevent dry blowing in winter; Second, it can store the water needed for growth in the coming year; Third, it can freeze some insect eggs on the soil surface and reduce the occurrence of diseases and pests after wheat turns green. However, too much snow will also have an adverse impact on some facility agriculture, so some agricultural activities can not be relaxed.

overview

Pickled meat, snowball fights, enjoying snow scenery and tonic are all folk customs of the snow solar term. There is a saying in old Nanjing, which is called "light snow pickled vegetables, heavy snow pickled meat". At this time, pickled meat, sausage, salted fish and other pickled products will be hung at the door and windowsill of every household, forming a beautiful scenery. If it happens to be snowy at this time, people will be keen to have snowball fights and enjoy the snow scenery in the ice and snow.

There is a saying in old Nanjing, which is called "light snow pickled vegetables, heavy snow pickled meat". As soon as the snow season arrives, every family is busy pickling "salty goods". Summary of adding large salt to star anise

Pickled meat, snowball fights, enjoying snow scenery and tonic are all folk customs of the snow solar term. There is a saying in old Nanjing, which is called "light snow pickled vegetables, heavy snow pickled meat". At this time, pickled meat, sausage, salted fish and other pickled products will be hung at the door and windowsill of every household, forming a beautiful scenery. If it happens to be snowy at this time, people will be keen to have snowball fights and enjoy the snow scenery in the ice and snow.

Snow cured meat

There is a saying in old Nanjing, which is called "light snow pickled vegetables, heavy snow pickled meat". Every household is busy making salty snow. Add star anise, cinnamon, Chinese prickly ash, white sugar, etc. into the pot and fry until cooked. After the fried Chinese prickly ash salt cools thoroughly, apply it inside and outside the fish, meat and Light poultry, and rub it repeatedly until the meat color turns dark from fresh and there is liquid exudation on the surface. Then put the meat and the remaining salt into the jar, press it with a stone, put it in a cool and backlit place, take it out half a month later, put the pickled brine into the pot and boil it with water, Skim the foam, put the dried poultry and livestock meat into the jar layer by layer, pour the brine, press on the big stone, take it out in ten days, and hang it under the eaves of the sunrise to dry in order to welcome the new year.

The river was closed by heavy snow

"Land closed by light snow and river closed by heavy snow". In the north, there is a natural landscape of "thousands of miles of ice and thousands of miles of snow". In the south, there are also charming pictures of "snowflakes flying and silver all over the sky". When it comes to the heavy snow solar term, the ice in the river is frozen, and people can skate and play as much as they like Put cinnamon, Chinese prickly ash and sugar into the pot and fry until they are cooked. After the fried pepper salt is cool, apply it inside and outside the fish, meat and Light poultry, and rub it repeatedly until the meat color turns from fresh to dark and there is liquid exudation on the surface. Then put the meat and the remaining salt into the jar, press it with a stone, put it in a cool and backlit place, take it out half a month later, put the pickled brine into the pot, add water to boil, and skim the foam, Put the dried poultry and livestock meat into the jar layer by layer, pour in the brine, press on the big stone, take it out in ten days, and hang it under the eaves of the sunrise to dry in order to welcome the new year.

"Land closed by light snow and river closed by heavy snow". In the north, there is a natural landscape of "thousands of miles of ice and thousands of miles of snow". In the south, there are also charming pictures of "snowflakes flying and silver all over the sky". When it comes to the heavy snow solar term, the ice in the river is frozen, and people can enjoy skating and playing.

Proverbs and Proverbs

The occurrence of cold, warm, wind, snow and other abnormal weather phenomena in the heavy snow solar term will have an impact on the future weather. The meteorological proverbs in this regard are:

Heavy snow does not freeze down spring cold (Guangxi)

The snowy river is sealed, and the winter solstice can't ship (black)

It is snowy and sunny, and there is much snow at the beginning of spring (Hebei)

Heavy snow not cold next year drought (Hebei)

Heavy snow, no shortage of rain in the coming year (Anhui)

The cold wind welcomes the heavy snow, and the weather is warm in September (Hebei)

If the snow doesn't freeze, the insects won't open (Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Guizhou, Beijing, Hebei and Shanxi)

The heavy and heavy snow in the heavy snow solar term augurs a good harvest in the coming year. For example:

Heavy snow indicates a good year, and no snow will suffer (Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shandong, Hunan and Guangdong)

This year's snow is heavy, and next year's wheat is good (sweet)

Heavy snow is a good year (Sichuan)

There is a proverb in Shandong and Jilin: "snow falls on high mountains and frost hits depressions". Similar proverbs are found in prosperous areas such as Anhui, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Hebei and Henan. Other proverbs about snow include:

There is no heavy snow first, and there is a large area of light snow first (Henan)

Light snow first, large areas first, and then sunny days (Lu)

The sand and snow hit the bottom, and the heavy snow began (Jiangxi)

Falling snow is a name. Melting snow freezes the dead (GAN)

A fine day is seen in the falling snow, and a auspicious snow indicates a good year (Jin Dynasty)

Other meteorological proverbs about "winter snow" include:

The heavy snow fell early this winter, and it is decided that the next year's harvest (Sichuan)

Winter snow warms up late and spring snow warms up early (Zhejiang)

Winter is full of snow

Less winter grass, less pest elimination

Winter snow is a treasure and spring snow is a root grass (Su, Jin, Yue, GUI)

poetry

Snow on the river Tang Liu Zongyuan

From hill to hill no bird in flight, from path to path no man in sight.

A solitary boat, a coir hat and an old man, fishing alone for the snow in the cold river.

Snow at night Tang Bai Juyi

I was surprised that the pillow was cold and the window was bright again.

Late at night, I know the weight of snow, and I hear the sound of broken bamboo.

"Looking at the remaining snow in the South" Tang zuyong

The Yinling mountains in the south are beautiful, and the snow is floating on the clouds.

The forest shows that it is getting colder and colder in the city.

Snow dialogue Tang gaopian

When six flying flowers enter the house, sit and watch the green bamboo become Qiong branches.

Now it's good to look up from high buildings and build all the evil roads in the world.

Snow poems by Zhang Zi, Tang Dynasty

It's hard for birds to find each other on the snowy day in Chang'an.

Among them, haogui's house has four walls of mashed pepper.

There are red furnaces everywhere, and Zhou Huixia Luomi.

Warm your hands and adjust the gold wire. Dip it in the nail pouring liquid.

Drunk singing, jade dust flying, trapped melting fragrant juice drops.

Who knows that hungry and cold people have chapped hands and feet.

"I'm glad to be far away from my brother in the snow" by Du Xunhe, Tang Dynasty

The door is opened lazily in the deep mountains and heavy snow, and the path is from Erxin.

There is no wine to keep out the cold. Although there are few conditions, there are books for reading and physical fitness.

They all love their younger brothers, and are no stranger to outsiders.

The day is short, the night is long, the beard is strong, and the poverty of learning is better than his poverty.

"Heavy snow" (song · Lu You)

Heavy snow has never been seen in the south of the Yangtze River. It is Yan Ning at the beginning of this year.

Skillfully wear the curtain, like looking for each other, which weighs heavily on the forest tops.

Felt strategies throw Lu forgot to sleep at night, and Jin Ji immediately timid in the morning.

In this life, I laugh at my late fame and dream that the Yellow River is completely frozen.

"Two songs at night" Song Yang Wanli

firstly

The month is spring, and the spring is not born. The festival is called heavy snow.

The setting sun only shines on the eight or nine edges of the East Mountain, regardless of the darkness of the west mountain.

Heavy snow contemporary Wu oting

The pomegranate has cracked and is about to be left. There are still some flowers to watch.

When it was snowy, I was young, and the roots of new vegetables were not on the plate.

Living and health preservation

Morning exercises should not be done too early

In winter, endurance events such as jogging and fast walking are the most suitable for outdoor. These projects mainly focus on exercising cardiopulmonary function. At the same time, football, basketball, tennis, badminton and other confrontational sports should be reduced as much as possible. After all, in cold weather, if you do not warm up enough, it is very easy to cause damage to joints and soft tissues.

outdoor sport

In winter, it is advisable to go to bed early and get up late. Getting up after sunrise can avoid the severe cold and conserve the Yin Qi of the human body. For outdoor sports in winter, it's best to choose between 8:00 and 9:00 in the morning after the sun comes out, or between 4:00 and 5:00 in the afternoon. In case of cloudy air and dense fog, it's best not to exercise outdoors, but indoors.

Preparatory activities can raise body temperature, reduce muscle viscosity, relax muscles and make muscles reach the state required for exercise. It is not allowed to participate in high-volume activities without preparatory activities. If you do strenuous exercise directly, it is easy to cause muscle strain. Generally speaking, when you feel that you are sweating, you should say that you have done enough warm-up. Gradually take off your clothes during exercise, wipe your sweat and add clothes to keep warm after exercise. Appropriate sportswear should be selected according to personal physical adaptation to minimize physical exposure.

In addition, the amount of exercise should increase gradually from small to large, especially running. It is not suitable to run violently for a long time suddenly. There must be a period of trotting, moving limbs and joints, and increasing the amount of exercise after the body adapts.

Diet regimen

Heavy snow is a good season for tonic, which is known as "tonic in winter and fighting tigers in spring". Tonic in winter can improve the immune function of the human body, promote metabolism and improve the phenomenon of fear of cold. Tonic in winter can also regulate the material metabolism in the body, so that the energy transformed by nutrients can be stored in the body to the greatest extent, which is conducive to the rise of Yang Qi in the body. As the saying goes, "three nine tonics for one winter, no disease and pain in the coming year". At this time, it is appropriate to warm and supplement Yang, tonify kidney and bones, nourish yin and replenish essence. Winter tonic should provide food rich in protein, vitamins and easy to digest. Before and after the heavy snow solar term, a large number of citrus fruits appeared on the market, such as Nanfeng honey orange, Guanxi glaze, navel orange and snow orange. Proper eating can prevent rhinitis, eliminate phlegm and cough. When there is heavy snow, the days are short and the nights are long in all parts of the northern hemisphere. Therefore, there are agricultural proverbs such as "heavy snow, light snow and continuous cooking", which are used to describe that the days are so short that peasant women almost have to cook three meals in a row. Can often drink ginger and jujube soup to resist cold; Eat oranges, use peppermint oil to prevent rhinitis, eliminate phlegm and cough. Hot pot is a good choice when it snows heavily.