Great heat

Great heat

Summer, one of the 24 solar terms, is the last solar term in summer. Douzhic; taiyanghuangjing is 120 ° and the Gregorian calendar intersects on July 22-24. "Heat" means hot. It refers to the extreme heat of inflammation. Big heat is hotter than small heat. It is the hottest solar term with the most sunshine in a year, and the "hot and humid cross steaming" reaches its peak at this time. Climate characteristics of great heat: high temperature and intense heat, frequent thunderstorms and typhoons.

Monsoon climate is the main feature of China's climate. In summer, affected by the warm and humid air flow from the ocean, China has a lot of high temperature, humidity and rain. In this season, the sun is fierce, the temperature is high, the humidity is wet and the rain is heavy. Although it is hard to avoid the pain of heat and humidity, it is very conducive to the growth of crops. During this period, the crops grow the fastest. Every year in late July (about after the hot solar term), the subtropical monsoon belt moves to the north-east of North China. From late July to early August (called "the last eight days of July") is the rainy season in North China, Northeast China and other northern regions. However, Northwest China is the arid region with the least annual precipitation due to its deep inland and distant from the ocean.

Ancient books say, "the great is the extreme heat." It is the hottest time of the year. Since ancient times, some places in our country have the custom of drinking herbal tea (Fu Tea) in the hot summer days. Fu tea, as the name suggests, is the tea that is drunk in the hot summer days. The tea made of this kind of Chinese herbal medicine has the function of cooling and eliminating heat. In addition, there are also the customs of burning Fuxiang and drying Fujiang.

Brief introduction of solar terms

Great heat is the twelfth of the 24 solar terms. At that time, the weather was more severe than light heat, so it was called great heat. Twenty four solar terms is a knowledge system formed by ancient people to observe the movement of celestial bodies and understand the changing rules of seasons, climate and phenology in the middle of a year. When the handle of the Big Dipper points to C or the sun's yellow longitude reaches 120 degrees, it is a hot solar term. "Heat" means hot. It refers to the extreme heat of inflammation. The summer is the solar term with the most sunshine and precipitation in a year. The high temperature is basically the same as the rainy period. The climate characteristics of the summer are the same period of rain and heat. Summer, high temperature, frequent thunderstorms, abundant rainfall, is the season of all things crazy long. monsoon climate is the main feature of China's climate. In summer, due to the influence of warm and humid air flow from the ocean, many places in China are hot, humid and rainy. Although it is hot, humid and rainy, it is very beneficial to agriculture, because there is abundant rainwater supply when crops grow vigorously and need water most. Every year in late July (about after the hot solar term), the subtropical monsoon belt moves to the north-east of North China. From late July to early August (called "the last eight days of July") is the rainy season in North China, Northeast China and other northern regions. However, Northwest China is the arid region with the least annual precipitation due to its deep inland and distant from the ocean.

Climatic characteristics

The high temperature and rainy period are basically the same, and the climate characteristics of the solar term is the same period of rain and heat. Monsoon climate is the main feature of China's climate, which is a mixture of continental climate and marine climate. In winter, the weather is cold and dry with little rain due to the influence of dry and cold air flow from inland; in summer, it is hot, humid and rainy due to the influence of warm and wet air flow from ocean. Under the influence of summer monsoon, the precipitation gradually decreases from southeast coast to northwest inland, and the annual precipitation is concentrated in summer. It is the hottest period of the year, with the highest temperature and the fastest growth of crops. At the same time, drought, flood, wind and other meteorological disasters are most frequent in many areas. Climate characteristics of great heat: high temperature, damp heat and frequent thunderstorms. High temperature and rainy, rain and heat at the same time, favorable for crop growth. "Yi Zhou Shu" said: "the earth moistens the summer heat. Another five days, the rain is on the way; another saying: "if the rain is not on the way, the country will not be blessed.". Summer is the solar term with the most sunshine, the highest temperature and Thunderstorm in a year. Generally speaking, the summer solar term is the period with the most sunshine and the highest temperature in South China. It is the period with abundant rain, the most common thunderstorm and the most concentrated high temperature days above 30 ℃ in the west of South China. It is also the period with the most frequent high temperature above 35 ℃ in the east of South China. in the south of the Yangtze River, it is said that "the light summer rain is like silver, the heavy summer rain is like gold", "it is rainy in the rainy days, and there is a lot of rice in the hoard", "it is rainy in the rainy days, it is rich in grain, it is rich in cotton", "it is not drought in the rainy days, it is a burden per mu". In this hot season, the rain is like gold. in the northern inland areas, summer is dry and hot, with the highest temperature in a year; the annual precipitation is mostly 400-800mm, and the precipitation is concentrated in July and August. About from the beginning of the summer, northern China has entered the period of the most rain in the whole year.

Agriculture related

Agricultural production is closely related to climatic conditions. The monsoon climate is the main feature of China's climate. The monsoon climate is a mixture of continental climate and marine climate. The monsoon climate is characterized by simultaneous rain and heat, which is conducive to the growth of crops. From the seasonal distribution of precipitation, the precipitation in China is mainly concentrated in summer, that is, when the southeast monsoon prevails. In the high temperature season, crops grow vigorously and need a lot of water. Summer is the season with the most precipitation and concentration in China. The high temperature period is consistent with the rainy period, and the combination of water and heat is very beneficial to the growth of crops. Because the precipitation in China is mainly formed by the water vapor from the ocean brought by the southeast monsoon, the precipitation gradually decreases from the southeast coast to the northwest inland due to the influence of the summer monsoon. In terms of the seasonal distribution of precipitation, the tropical and subtropical regions in southern China are typical of the same period of rain and heat. The precipitation in North China and Northeast China is mainly concentrated at the turn of summer and autumn. Although the rainy season is short and the rainfall is small, it is also characterized by the same period of rain and heat. Therefore, the climate in North China and Northeast China also belongs to the same period of rain and heat . The same period of rain and heat with sufficient light, high temperature and abundant rainfall is a very superior climate resource in China, which is very suitable for crop growth and an important condition for the birth of agricultural civilization.

Solar term customs

The so-called "heat is in the dog days". The heat is generally in the dog days, which is the hottest time of the year in most parts of China. It has been hundreds of years in Taizhou coastal area of Zhejiang Province to send the "boat in the great heat". The "heatstroke boat" was built completely according to the reduced scale of the old three masted sailboat, carrying various sacrifices. After the start of the activity, many fishermen took turns to carry the "great summer boat" on the street. Drums were blaring in the sky, firecrackers were blaring, and people praying for blessings were standing on both sides of the street. The ship was finally transported to the dock for a series of blessing ceremonies. Later, the "heatstroke boat" was pulled out of the fishing port by the fishing boat, and then ignited on the sea, allowing it to sink and float, in order to wish people a bumper harvest and a healthy life. People in Jiaojiang, Taizhou, also have the custom of eating eggs mixed with ginger juice in summer. Ginger juice can remove moisture in the body, and egg mixed with ginger juice can "tonify people". Some old people like to eat chicken porridge, which is called "tonifying yang". On the day of the great summer festival, people in Putian have the custom of eating litchi, mutton and rice grains, which is called "great summer". On the day of the summer festival, relatives and friends often give each other litchi and mutton as gifts. Shaofuxiang is close to moxibustion of traditional Chinese medicine. It can cure many kinds of stubborn diseases by fumigating specific acupoints in the dog days. There is also a saying that people are burning incense and praying for good weather and good harvest. Since ancient times, people have the custom of drinking Fu tea in the summer. Fu tea, as the name suggests, is a kind of tea drunk in the summer. This kind of tea is made of more than ten Chinese herbal medicines, such as honeysuckle, Prunella vulgaris, licorice, etc., which has the function of cooling and eliminating heat. During the dog days, ginger is sliced or juiced, mixed with brown sugar, put into a container, covered with gauze, and dried in the sun. bamboo tube cold noodles during the summer festival, the Japanese will set up long bamboo tubes in the community, and put the cooked noodles into the bamboo tubes to cool with water for everyone to taste. It is said that after eating this kind of bamboo tube cold noodles, you won't get heatstroke in summer. Cricket fighting the summer heat is the peak season for crickets in rural areas. People in some areas of China have the custom of fighting crickets after dinner. eat fairy grass many places in Guangdong have the custom of "eating fairy grass" in the summer. Xiancao, also known as Liangfen grass and Xianren grass, is an important medicinal and edible plant resource. Because of its magical effect, it is known as "immortal grass". After the stems and leaves are dried, they can be made into shaoxiancao, which is called Liangfen in Guangdong. It is a kind of dessert to relieve summer heat. eat pineapple during the summer, there is a custom of eating pineapple in Taiwan, and people think that pineapple is the most delicious in this season. In addition, the Minnan pronunciation of pineapple is the same as "Wanglai", so it is also used as a symbol to pray for peace and prosperity. In many areas of Shandong Province, there is a custom of "drinking summer sheep" (that is, drinking mutton soup) on the day of the great heat. In Zaozhuang City, many people go to the local mutton soup restaurant to drink the hot sheep on this hot day.

Record of works

In Yuan Dynasty, Wu Cheng's book "the collection of seventy-two lunar orders", it is said that "the heat is in the middle of June. Heat and heat are divided into big and small in the heat. At the beginning of the month, it is small, and at the middle of the month, it is big. Now it is hot. " "Tongwei Xiaojing Shenqi" said: "after 15 days of small heat, Douzhi is not a big heat, in the middle of June. The small and the big are divided into the big and the small in the extreme heat. In the book of rites, it is said that "the soil moistens the summer heat", that is, the soil is infiltrated, the air is hot and humid - there is a lot of rainfall, the soil and air humidity is high, and the temperature is high, which is the time when the crops grow vigorously. Some books will be published

Chinese PinYin : Da Shu