The Waking of Insects

The Waking of Insects

The Waking of Insects

, also known as "Qizhe", is the third of the 24 solar terms. It marks the beginning of mid spring; the sun reaches 345 ° of the Yellow longitude. Jingzhe occurs on March 5-6 of the Gregorian calendar.

From the beginning of Jingzhe, spring ploughing began formally. The majority of farmers engaged in various agricultural activities based on agricultural proverbs. The main production of Jingzhe is spring ploughing, fertilization, pest control and afforestation. Among them, killing insects also has a certain witchcraft color. The main customs of Jingzhe include covering the skin of drum, expelling insects, beating villains and eating pears.

Stung reflects the sprouting growth of natural organisms affected by rhythm changes. Spring thunder begins to sound, temperature rises, insects sprout, "Nine Nine" is over, "nine peach blossom, spring ploughing can't stop.". Phenology: peach blossom, plum blossom, warbler singing, swallow coming, cuckoo urging cultivation. It is easy to cause cold, fever and liver disease. Health need to pay attention to prevent warm spring flu, light diet, nourishing liver and spleen, eat more vegetables, clear stomach, go to bed early, get up early and exercise more.

historical origin

Xia Xiaozheng, a Book of rites written by Dai De of the Western Han Dynasty, says that when the first month begins to sting, words will sting. All things come out of the shock. The shock is thunder, so it's called Jingzhe. It's the stung insect that scares away. "February Festival All things come out of the shock, and the shock is thunder, so it's called Jingzhe. It's the insects that are frightened and leave. "

It is said in the collection of seventy-two lunar orders: "on February day, everything comes from an earthquake, and the earthquake is thunder, so it is called Jingzhe. It's the stung insect that's scared away In fact, insects can't hear the thunder. It's the return of spring and the warming weather that makes them end their hibernation. The time of the beginning of spring thunder is different in different parts of China. On average, thunder can be heard in southern Yunnan around the end of January, while the first thunder day in Beijing is in late April. The theory of "waking up to thunder" is consistent with the climate law of the areas along the Yangtze River and the south of the Yangtze River.

"Jingzhe" was also called "Qizhe" in history. In today's Chinese character cultural circle, Japan still uses the name "Qizhe". In the Han Dynasty, the sixth emperor of the Han Dynasty changed the word "Qi" into "Jing" in order to avoid taboo. At the same time, the order of "Jingzhe" in the first month of Meng Chun and "rain" in the February festival of mid spring is also replaced. Similarly, the order of "Guyu" and "Qingming" has also been replaced. 　

Therefore, before the early Han Dynasty, the order of solar terms was: the beginning of spring - Qizhe - Rain - equinox - Guyu - Qingming; while in the period of emperor Jingdi of Han Dynasty, the order of solar terms was adjusted as: the beginning of spring - Rain - Jingzhe - equinox - Qingming - Guyu. After entering the Tang Dynasty, the taboo of "Qi" was no longer necessary, and the name of "Qi zhe" was used again. However, due to some reasons, dayanli uses the word "Jingzhe" again, and it is still used today.

Japan, like China, used "Jingzhe" in the annotated calendar of the past dynasties. Since then, Japan also adopted the Dayan calendar and xuanming calendar. Therefore, the name of "Qizhe" has been preserved in Japan.

Astronomical calendar

Jingzhe is the second solar term after the beginning of spring and the third solar term in a year. Around February 5 of the lunar calendar, dou Zhiding is Jingzhe, which is equivalent to 345 ° from the sun to the Yellow longitude around March 5 to 7 of the Gregorian calendar.

Climate change

Generally, on March 5 or 6 every year, the temperature rises rapidly, and spring thunder is gradually sprouting. According to the general climate law, the weather around the area has begun to warm up, and the rain is gradually more, and most areas have entered the spring ploughing. Except for the northeast and northwest areas, which are still covered with silver makeup, the average temperature in most parts of China has risen to above 0 ℃. The average temperature in North China is 3-6 ℃, and that in the areas along the Yangtze River and South China is above 8 ℃, while that in the southwest and South China is 10-15 ℃, which is already a melting spring.

The time of the beginning of spring thunder is different in different parts of China. On average, thunder can be heard in southern Yunnan around the end of January, while the first thunder day in Beijing is in late April. The theory of "waking up to thunder" is consistent with the climate law of the areas along the Yangtze River and the south of the Yangtze River.

Phenological phenomenon

There are three stages of Jingzhe: "the first stage is peach blossoming; the second stage is canggeng (Oriole) singing; the third stage is eagle turning into dove." It's the middle of spring, when the peach blossom is red and the pear blossom is white, the yellow warbler is crying and the swallow is flying. According to the general law of climate, the weather around Jingzhe has begun to get warmer, the rain has gradually increased, and most areas have entered the spring ploughing. Wake up hibernating in the soil when a variety of insects, at this time, the winter eggs also began to egg. It can be seen that Jingzhe is a solar term reflecting natural phenological phenomena.

During the period of Jingzhe, the flower trade style was peach blossom in the first stage, Ditang in the second stage and rose in the third stage. The peach blossoms soaked in rain and drenched with water all converge to be light and wild and quiet. Shallow powder, from the end of the petals, light to Yin. Yin to the deepest, it became a trace of infinite gentle red. Or, it's the rouge on the beauty's cheek that makes the most beautiful wine in spring and makes people drunk.

Farming activities

Since ancient times, Chinese working people have attached great importance to Jingzhe solar term, which is regarded as the beginning of spring ploughing. There is a saying in Tang Poetry: "the light rain makes the flowers fresh, and the thunder starts to sting.". The Tian family has been idle for a few days, and farming has been going on since then. " At this time, winter wheat in North China began to turn green and the soil was still frozen and thawed alternately.

The agricultural proverb "when it comes to the Jingzhe Festival, the hoe doesn't stop." By the time of Jingzhe, most of China has entered the busy season of spring ploughing. It's true: Seasons wait for no one, a moment is worth a thousand gold. In most areas, the average temperature of Jingzhe solar term generally ranges from 12 ℃ to 14 ℃, which is 3 ℃ higher than that of rain solar term, and it is the solar term with the fastest temperature rise in the whole year. The sunshine hours also increased significantly. However, due to the alternation of cold and warm air, the weather is unstable and the temperature fluctuates greatly. In the Yangtze River Valley in southeastern South China, the temperature is stable above 12 ℃ during the period of hibernation in most years, which is conducive to the sowing of rice and corn. In other areas, the low temperature weather with daily average temperature below 12 ℃ for more than three consecutive days often occurs, so early sowing is not allowed blindly. Although the temperature increased rapidly, the increase of rainfall was limited. In the middle and northwest of South China, the total amount of rainfall is only about 10 mm during the period of hibernation. At this time, wheat booting and rape flowering are in the period of more water demand, sensitive to water requirements, and spring drought often becomes an important factor affecting spring yield. Afforestation should also consider this climate characteristics, after planting to be diligent in watering, and strive to improve the survival rate of seedlings.

When the daily average temperature of rice is above 8 ℃, dry seeding can be started. Before sowing, the fertile, loose, deep soil garden or dry land should be selected as the seedbed first. 20 days before sowing, 50 kg of 45% ternary compound fertilizer, 5 kg of potassium chloride and 10-15 kg of urea per mu should be applied to fertilize the seedbed.

traditional custom

Jingzhe has the custom of eating pears. This is because the weather is obviously warmer after waking up, people are prone to dry mouth and cough. Pears are cold and sweet in nature, and have the effects of moistening lung, relieving cough, nourishing yin and clearing heat. Eating pears is very nourishing to the body.

Thunder is an important feature of Jingzhe solar term. The ancients imagined that Thor was a big God with a bird's beak and wings. One hand held a hammer, and the other hand hit many drums around his body, making a rumble of thunder. On the day of Jingzhe, there is a thunder god beating the drum in heaven, and the world also uses this opportunity to cover the drum skin. "Zhou Li" Volume 40 "wave people" chapter said: "where the drum will be the day of Qizhe. "Note:" in mengchun, the stung insects begin to move when they hear the thunder; the drum is used to pick up the elephant; the drum is used to hide the skin. " It can be seen that not only does the ecology of insects fit in with the operation of the four seasons of the year, but the human beings of the spirit of all things also have to conform to the time of the day, so as to achieve twice the result with half the effort.

Hong Kong and Macao have always had the custom of "beating villains". It is said that the white tiger is the God of words and right and wrong. Every year, he comes out to look for food on this day. If he makes trouble, he will be obstructed by evil villains and lead to all kinds of troubles. So we all need to buy a piece of paper material, including paper tiger, lucky paper, Lilliputian, etc. to "beat Lilliputian".

It is said that the white tiger is the God of the tongue. Every year, it comes out to look for food and hurt people. The so-called "sacrifice to the white tiger" is to worship the paper tiger with yellow and black stripes.

literature

Farming Proverbs

In the wake of thunder, the hibernating insects are awakened.

Spring production has reached a climax, and spring ploughing is busy from south to north.

Fertilize and water the wheat fields, and loosen the soil with hoes.

It is a good time for afforestation in spring,

After planting, we should take care of them seriously.

In the golden season of poultry hatching, livestock generally come to breed,

When the weather is warm, flowers bloom and the temperature rises, livestock and poultry are injected to prevent epidemic diseases.

Repair the fish pond quickly and raise the fry in season.

The spring thunder startles all things.

Spring thunder, all things long.

Nine nine plus one nine, cattle go everywhere.

When the spring thunder rings, the farmer turns from idle to busy.

Don't take away your cotton padded clothes in February, and it's snowing in March.

Stung with rain and thunder, wheat field is like a mound.

February thunders and wheat piles.

The earth is full of Qi.

The sting breaks the thread.

Poplars are in full bloom and spring planting is arranged early.

Nine nine eighty-one, cooking at home, eating in the field.

The frozen soil is thawed and barley is planted quickly.

The earth changes, grows sunflower and castor fast.

Barley and peas don't make nine.

When peas grow nine, they don't blossom.

If you can't grow garlic for nine years, you can grow a single head for nine years.

Stung the earth, hoe the wheat and relax.

Stung without harrowing, it seems that the steamer is out of breath.

Let's get to the ground. Let's get to the ground.

It's Jingzhe day,

Chinese PinYin : Jing Zhe