rain

rain

Rain is the second solar term of the 24 solar terms, which means that precipitation begins and gradually increases. The rainy season usually starts on February 18 or 19 and ends on March 4 or 5. The sun reaches longitude 330. When the "rain" solar term. In rainy season, the temperature rises, ice and snow melt and precipitation increases. Rain, like grain rain, light snow and heavy snow, is the solar term reflecting precipitation.

In the rainy season, the time of severe cold and heavy snow in most parts of China has passed, and the temperature is warmer, which is conducive to the Rejuvenation or growth of overwintering crops. Therefore, it is necessary to pay close attention to the field management of overwintering crops, and do a good job in the preparation of spring cultivation and spring sowing, such as seed selection, spring ploughing and fertilization, so as to realize "one millet in spring, ten thousand seeds in autumn".

In ancient times, the water content of rain was divided into three periods: "one for otter to sacrifice fish; two for wild geese to come; three for vegetation to sprout." Rain is in the "July 9th" period, the river ice breaking, geese return to the north. Rain related folk customs mainly include "mending the sky to wear", "labaobao", "bangbaiji" and so on.

historical origin

Explanation of solar terms

"Yizhoushu · Shixun": "otter sacrifice fish on the day of rain." In yizhoushu, there are also phenological records of "wild geese come" and "plants sprout" after the Rain Festival. In the book of rites, the order of the moon: "rain begins in the mid spring, peach begins to bloom." Zheng Xuan's note: "in the beginning of Han Dynasty, rain was regarded as February Festival." According to the biography of Wang Mang in the book of Han Dynasty, "it's gengzi who sprinkles rain on the road. He's beautiful and clean."

Wu Cheng of the Yuan Dynasty wrote a collection of seventy-two lunar orders: "in the first month, the sky is full of water, and spring belongs to wood. However, those who grow wood will have water, so the rain will follow in the beginning of spring. If the east wind thaws, it will disperse into rain. " Rain means two things. One is that the weather is getting warmer and the amount of precipitation is gradually increasing. The other is that in the form of precipitation, there is less snow and more rain.

Astronomical calendar

In the Gregorian calendar, the solar term of rain falls around February 18, when the sun reaches 330 degrees of the Yellow longitude. The rainy season usually starts on February 18 or 19 and ends on March 4 or 5.

Climate change

In the Yellow River Basin, the origin of the 24 solar terms, the weather is cold before the rain, but the snowflakes are flying, and the rain is hard to smell; after the rain, the temperature can generally rise to above 0 ℃, with less snow and more rain, and the frost season is over. The direct point of the sun is gradually approaching the equator from the southern hemisphere. At this time, the sunshine hours and intensity are increasing in the northern hemisphere, the temperature rises rapidly, and the warm and humid air from the ocean begins to be active, and gradually advances northward. At the same time, the cold air in the weakening trend is not willing to be outdone, and the warm air is frequently contested, neither willing to withdraw from the dominant position, nor willing to accept the cold. At this time, the atmospheric circulation is in the adjustment stage, and the general trend of climate characteristics in China is the transition from cold at the end of winter to warm at the beginning of spring.

From the perspective of meteorology, after "rain", the highest temperature in most parts of China can generally rise to above 0 ℃, while the average temperature in many parts of southern China is above 10 ℃. At this time, rape, winter wheat and other common green growth, higher water requirements. As the saying goes, "spring rain is as expensive as oil", appropriate precipitation is very important for the growth of crops. However, in North China, Northwest China and Huang Huai Region, the precipitation is generally less. If there is less rain in early spring, timely irrigation before and after rain is conducive to the growth of crops. For a long time, people also predict the future weather changes according to the cold and warm rain, precipitation and so on. For example, the proverb mentions that when the rain falls, it will sink to the valley rain, cold rain, warm stung, warm rain, cold stung, or "when the rain comes from the east wind, there will be rain in the dog days". However, according to experts, although the solar term is called "rain", it may not rain during this period. It's just that after the rain, the precipitation began to increase.

Because of different regions in China, spring comes early in some areas and late in others. In the 15 days of the rainy season, from the sixth day of July 9 to the second day of September 9, "the rivers of July 9 open, the eight or nine swallows come, the nine or nine plus one or nine, and the cattle go everywhere." this means that in addition to the northwest, northeast, and southwest plateau, most areas are still in the cold winter, and many other areas are undergoing or have completed the transition from winter to spring. The average climate in North China rises to above 0 ℃, and even the extreme maximum temperature in daytime can reach above 20 ℃. The south of Yunnan is full of spring. Most places in the southwest and south of the Yangtze River are in early spring. The sun is warm, the night is wet and cold, the fields are green, and the spring river is warm. South China is full of spring and flowers are in full bloom.

Phenological phenomenon

There are three times for rain: one is for otters to sacrifice fish, the other is for geese, and the third is for plants to sprout. It's about rain coming, ice melting and otters fishing. Otters like to kill fish and put them on the shore in order, like sacrifice, so there is the saying of "otter sacrifice fish". Five days after the rain, the geese began to fly back from the south to the north. Five days later, the plants begin to sprout with the rising of Yang in the ground. From then on, the earth gradually began to show a thriving scene.

"Jingchu Sui Shi Ji" records that the rain flower letters are: cauliflower, apricot and plum. Flowers bloom on time for three waiting news. Cauliflower, also known as rape flower, is widely planted in China. From January to August every year, with the movement of direct sunlight, rape flower blooms from south to north, showing a golden magnificent scene. In the traditional culture, the time point of rape flower as flower letter was determined according to the phenological characteristics of Central Plains.

Farming activities

In the rainy season, the time of severe cold and heavy snow in most parts of China has passed, and the temperature is warmer, which is conducive to the Rejuvenation or growth of overwintering crops. Therefore, it is necessary to pay close attention to the field management of overwintering crops, and do a good job in the preparation of spring cultivation and spring sowing, such as seed selection, spring ploughing and fertilization, so as to realize "one millet in spring, ten thousand seeds in autumn". In North China, Northwest China and Huang Huai Region, the rainfall is generally less, so spring irrigation should be organized in time. In the area south of Huaihe River, there is a lot of rain, so we should do a good job in clearing ditches and draining water and weeding, to prevent the occurrence of root rot caused by dampness.

Before and after the rainy season, the temperature of the whole region is higher, there is no precipitation, the weather is dry, and the soil moisture is decreased, which is not conducive to the spring sowing of dryland crops, but conducive to the cutting and transportation of sugarcane and the preparation of planting.

For agriculture, rainwater is the key period of management in early spring and preparation for cultivation in spring. After the rainy season, the temperature began to pick up, the wheat began to turn green from south to north, the water vapor in the soil continued to rise, condensed in the surface of the soil, frozen at night and thawed on the day, and began to return to the slurry.

Before and after rain, rape and winter wheat generally turn green, which requires high water content. At this time, appropriate precipitation is particularly important for crop growth.

Techniques of watering vegetables in Greenhouse in early spring

In early spring, the temperature is low, and the watering of greenhouse vegetables depends on the weather, the ground and the seedling situation, so as to prevent the side effects caused by improper watering. It is necessary to master the principle of "watering more in sunny days, less or no in cloudy days, and avoid watering in snowy days".

traditional custom

overview

The Rain Festival is a very imaginative and human festival. On this day, whether it rains or not, it is full of rain poetic and picturesque, and people are also begging for smooth and well-being in different forms on this day.

Labaobao

Labao is an ancient folk culture of Han nationality in Sichuan. Labao means that parents recognize their children as godparents. Nowadays, this unique folk custom of Han nationality in Western Sichuan has established a festival "Baobao Festival" in Guanghan.

To send (a godfather)

It is to find a godfather to help children grow up smoothly and healthily. Nowadays, the custom of "bumping, worshiping and sending" is only preserved in rural areas. In cities, friends or colleagues usually "send" their children to each other, and they only get together during the Spring Festival.

Rain Festival pull godfather, meaning "rain and dew moisten easy to grow" meaning. On this day, parents of Godfather are required to carry baskets with wine, vegetables, incense, wax and paper money, and take their children to wear them around in the crowd to find the right Godfather. The purpose of finding godfather is to let children grow up healthily and safely.

Jieshou

The custom of longevity means to wish the father-in-law and mother-in-law a long life. Another typical gift for the festival is "canned meat": stewed pig's feet, snow mountain soybeans and kelp in a casserole, then sealed the mouth of the pot with red paper and red rope, and sent to the parents in law. This is to express thanks and respect to the father-in-law and mother-in-law who have painstakingly brought up their daughter. If it's the new son-in-law's day, his father-in-law and mother-in-law will also give him an umbrella, so that his son-in-law can go out and get out of the wind and rain. They also wish his son-in-law a smooth and safe life.

Back to my mother's house

Returning to mother's house on the rainy day is another popular custom in Western Sichuan. When it comes to the Rain Festival, the married daughters bring gifts back to their parents' home to visit their parents. A woman who has given birth to a child must bring a can of meat, chairs and other gifts to thank her parents for their upbringing. For women who have not been pregnant for a long time, their mother sews a pair of red trousers for them and puts them close to the body. It is said that this can make them pregnant and have children as soon as possible.

literature

Agricultural Proverbs

Artistic conception of literature

Poems about rain:

Wild step

Qi Ji

There's no leisure in the city, but I'm looking for a layman. After rain in the countryside, the country remembers mulberry cultivation.

Beside the stream fern Wei old, across the village Gang long horizontal. He Qiong's heart is full of happiness, and the sound of a partridge is heard.

"The elder brother of Di Zhong De Xian's book takes Yong qinyi and Liu Guiyue to this year in December"

(song) Li Shizhong

I'm on the Lijiang River. I'm in Haixun. Due to work

Chinese PinYin : Yu Shui