Changning District, Shanghai Municipality

Changning District, Changning District, is located in the west of the central city of Shanghai. It connects Jingan District to the west, Minhang District to the southwest and Xuhui District to the southeast. The north and Putuo District take the Wusong River (Suzhou River) as the boundary, with a total area of 38.3 square kilometers. In 2019, there will be 693600 permanent residents, and the GDP of Changning District will reach 164.914 billion yuan.

There are Xinhua Road, Jiangsu Road, Yan'an Road, Changning Road, Hongqiao Road and other main roads in Changning. Yan'an Road viaduct, inner ring line, middle ring line, outer ring line and Shanghai Metro Line 2, 3, 4, 10 and 15 pass through the area. Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport is located in the west of the region.

Changning has the most concentrated foreign-related high standard residential business office complex Gubei New District, old Shanghai traditional high-grade residential district Xinhua Road, Hongqiao Garden Villa District, Suzhou River middle and high-grade residential district and ordinary New Village residential district. Hongqiao Economic and Technological Development Zone, a national development zone located in Changning, is one of the earliest and most mature modern business districts in Shanghai. Foreign consulates, top 500 enterprises and so on gather here, which is a place where foreigners live.

Changning memorial site has national key cultural relics protection unit Song Qingling cemetery, municipal cultural relics protection unit, the central organ of the Communist Party of China publication "brzevik" department site. Cultural and sports facilities include Liu Haisu Art Museum, etc.

All 10 streets (towns) in Changning have been rated as municipal civilized communities, and a number of municipal and District civilized communities and civilized units have been successfully established. In 2011, they won the title of "national civilized city". In 2017, Changning District was reconfirmed as a national health city (District). In 2017, Changning District confirmed that it would continue to retain the title of national civilized city.

In June 2020, it was selected as the first batch of national demonstration areas and projects for the construction of rule of law government by the Central Committee of the rule of law; on October 20, it was selected as the national model city (county) with double support.

Historical evolution

In the tenth year of Tang Tianbao (751), it belonged to Gaochang Township, Huating county.

During the Song Dynasty, villages and markets appeared in the territory, with fahua in the East and Beixinjing in the West. Yuan Dynasty belongs to Shanghai county.

In the Ming Dynasty, fahua flourished and became a market town. During the reign of Qianlong and Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty, fahua town flourished and became the first market town in the west of Shanghai county. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, the population of fahua town decreased gradually and was established as a township. Caojiadu began to rise in the northeast of the territory, and Xinjing and other places in the West were changed into Pusong town.

In 1928, the district was divided into Shanghai special city, fahua District in the East and Pusong District in the West. During the Anti Japanese War, it belonged to the Western District of Shanghai.

After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, the territory was divided into Changning District (which was renamed facao district from September 1948 to June 1949) and Xinjing district.

In May 1949, after the liberation of the District, the district takeover Committee set up four takeover Commissioner offices and abolished the Baojia system.

In the winter of 1950, the District People's government set up six winter prevention offices. In June 1951, the winter prevention Office was changed into the office sent by the district government, and in October 1952, it was renamed the office.

administrative division

Division evolution

In July 1955, the number of offices was adjusted to 15. By December 1959, 12 offices had been set up after several adjustments.

In April 1960, six sub district offices were established, including fahua, Jiangsu Road, Huayang Road, Wuyi, zhoujiaqiao and Tianshan new village.

In 1975, Zunyi street was established.

In 1982, Xianxia new village street was planned to be built.

In 1984, Beixinjing town was divided into Changning District.

In 1986, Chengjiaqiao street and Hongqiao street were established.

In 1992, Xinjing township was divided into Changning District. By the end of 1992, there were 10 streets, 1 town and 1 Township in the District, with 219 residents' committees and 9 villagers' committees.

In May 1994, Tianshan Xincun street and Zunyi Road street were abolished and Tianshan Road street was established.

In March 1995, Huayang Road Street and Wuyi Road street were abolished and Huayang Road street was established.

In June 1995, Xinjing township was abolished and Xinjing town was established.

In 1996, with the approval of the district government, the zoning adjustment was made: < ol > < li > the area of Sifang villa and Zongxi village group in Honggu village in the north of Xijiao Hotel and the south of Weining Road were under the management of Xianxia new village street; < li > < li > the area to the west of Hami road and the east of Xinjing port was extended from the south wall of Xinlu garden in lane 1800 of Hami road to zhangjingbang, and then along the east wall of Shenmao company's residence and Shanghai Police area The east wall of the second cadre's rest house, the east side of the public house of Shanghai Zoo to the south, the area from Jianhe road to Hongqiao Road along the east wall of 57343 troops, as well as the area of Xijiao Hotel, Xijiao garden villa, Mingyuan villa, Jinhong villa and Windsor villa are under the management of Chengjiaqiao street; < / Li > < li > the boundaries between the West and north of Chengjiaqiao street and Xinjing town are adjusted to Hongqiao Airport and Longbai villa; < / Li > < Li >The areas along Hongqiao Road, JAL Longbai to Shanghai Zoo are managed by Chengjiaqiao street; < li > < li > the other 5 villages and 26 villager groups are managed by Xinjing town. In July 1996, Beixinjing town was abolished and Beixinjing street was established.

Zoning details

In March 2018, Changning District of Shanghai governs 9 streets and 1 town: Huayang Road Street, Xinhua Road Street, Jiangsu Road Street, Tianshan Road Street, zhoujiaqiao street, Hongqiao street, Xianxia Xincun street, Chengjiaqiao street, Beixinjing street and Xinjing town. The District People's government is located at 599 Changning Road.

geographical environment

Location context

Changning District is located between 121 ° 26 ′ 01 ″ - 121 ° 19 ′ 36 ″ E and 31 ° 10 ′ 46 ″ - 31 ° 14 ′ 43 ″ n. The District People's government is stationed at 1320 Yuyuan Road. It starts from Changning Road in the East, turns Jiangsu Road, Wuding West Road, Wanhangdu Road, Zhenning Road, Huashan Road and Xingguo Road, and borders Jing'an District and Xuhui District in the East; it borders Minhang District in the West; it starts from the south wall of Hongqiao International Airport in the south, turns Shanghai Hangzhou Railway Xuhong branch line, Shanghai Hangzhou railway, Huaihai West Road and Huaihai Middle Road, and connects Minhang District and Xuhui District; it reaches Wusong River in the north, turns Wanhangdu back road, and Jiading District Putuo District is neighboring.

landforms

Changning District is flat, with an elevation of 2.50-4.50 meters at Wusong 0, slightly higher in the West and lower in the East. It is 4.00-4.50 meters near Beixinjing and Hongqiao Airport, 3.50-4.00 meters east to Zhongshan West Road Shanghai Hangzhou railway area, 3.00-3.50 meters east to Shanghai Hangzhou railway and Zhongshan Park, 2.50-3.00 meters east to Zhongshan Park and adjacent to Putuo District and Jing'an District. In the past 100 years, with the development of economy, the construction of houses, the excessive exploitation of groundwater and the increase of passing vehicles, from 1986 to 1990, the total land subsidence was 2.04 cm, and that of Beixinjing was 1.93 cm.

rivers

Changning District is a Wusong River system with dense river network and crisscross harbor branches. There are 55 river branches, mainly in the western part of the area. Only 5 of them are more than 1.50 km in length, and the shortest zhitingbang is only 120 meters. Wusong River is the main stream of the region. The primary tributaries are Xinjing port, Xupu port and zhongyupu. The secondary tributaries are zhoujiabang, yenujing and xinyupu.

climate

Changning District has four distinct seasons and is located in the northern part of the subtropical monsoon region, which is warm and humid.

Changning District is generally coldest from the winter solstice to the beginning of spring, the daily minimum temperature is below 0 ℃, and the annual average is more than 40 days. In 1893, the extreme minimum temperature of - 12.10 ℃ was measured. From July to August, the monthly average temperature is 27.4 ℃. The daily maximum temperature is above 35 ℃ and the weather is hot, about 10 days a year. In 1934, there were 55 days, the most since meteorological records. On July 12 of the same year, the extreme maximum temperature of 40.2 ℃ was measured.

According to the statistical data of East China Normal University from 1959 to 1978 in the 1980s, Changning District is one of the three "heat islands" in Shanghai due to many factories, high population density, continuous flow of vehicles and other reasons.

The average annual precipitation in Changning District is 1143.50 mm. The average monthly precipitation is 38.90 mm in December, and there is no rain in December in 1915. In June, 176.10 mm, followed by September. In May of the first year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty (between June and July 1875), 491.90mm was the highest in history. From August 31 to September 1, 1985, there were continuous rainstorms. On September 1, there was 176.80 mm rainfall along Zhongshan West Road, which was the largest rainfall area in the city.

The time of winter snowfall in Changning District is short, and the snowfall years are few. The average snowfall years are 5.7 days, mainly from January to February. The first snow appeared on September 16, 1895 (November 2, 1895) and February 12, 1941 (the 30th year of the Republic of China). The earliest date of final snow was January 6, 1939, and the latest date was April 24, 1980.

population

In the song, yuan and Ming Dynasties, Changning District was a rural area with scattered villages and scattered population. During the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty (1522-1566), the population gradually concentrated around the fahua temple, gradually forming the fahua market town. During the reign of Qianlong and Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty (1736-1820), fahua town was the first market town in the western part of Shanghai county due to its dense population and prosperous commercial market.

After the third year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty (1853), the Shanghai Xiaodao society fought with the fahua town militia. The Taiping Rebellion army fought fiercely with the Qing army and the militia,

Chinese PinYin : Shang Hai Shi Shi Xia Qu Zhang Ning Qu