Duerbert Mongolian Autonomous County, Daqing City, Heilongjiang Province

Duerbert Mongolian Autonomous County duerbert Mongolian Autonomous County is a county in Daqing City (formerly known as Taikang county), which is the only animal husbandry base county with Mongolian as the main body in Heilongjiang Province. It has jurisdiction over 5 towns and 6 townships. In 2013, there were 4 neighborhood committees and 82 village committees. Duelbert is known as "green pure land and natural gem" by European Union and domestic green food certification organizations. There are not only grassland, wetland and other natural landscape, but also many ancient cultural sites.

In December 2020, it will be selected into the list of "the fourth batch of national tourism standardization demonstration units".

The origin of the name

Durbert, Mongolian, means "four.". According to the Mongolian secret history, daowa suohur, the elder brother of daobumergen, the twelfth ancestor of Genghis Khan, had four sons, known as durbert's family. Because of generations, he nomaded on both sides of Nenjiang River and became durbert's tribe.

Historical evolution

Qing Dynasty

At the beginning of Qing Dynasty, in 1648 (the fifth year of Shunzhi of Qing Dynasty), the durbert department was changed into durbert banner, which belonged to the Zhelimu League.

In February 1906 (the first month of the 32nd year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty), the area near the Anda station of the Middle East Railway in duerbert was classified as andating. In October of the same year, the duerbert Administration Bureau for wasteland along the river was set up at duonai station (today's southeast of Tumo in the East). It began to release the wasteland in Shihe, hehe, Nianfeng and later was under the jurisdiction of Tailai Administration Bureau;

the Republic of China era

In April 1927, the Taikang Administration Bureau was set up, and the four sections of min, Kang, Wu and Fu were set up. We should divide the county and the banner.

Duerbert banner is under the jurisdiction of Heilongjiang Province.

After the fall of Northeast China, on October 1, 1933, Taikang county was changed into Taikang county. It belongs to Heilongjiang Province.

In December 1934, it was under the jurisdiction of Longjiang Province.

In May 1940, Taikang county was abolished and merged into durbert banner. The puppet banner office was moved to Taikang street.

After the victory of the Anti Japanese war in 1945, duelbert banner was put under the jurisdiction of Nenjiang province.

In April 1946, the county and the banner were set up separately, with Taikang county government in Taikang town and duerbert county government in Bayan Chagan (Palace). County and banner are subordinate to nennan administrative region. In May of the same year, it was under the jurisdiction of Nenjiang province; on August 2, Taikang county was abolished and merged into duerbert banner, and the banner government was stationed in Taikang town.

From February to September 1947, it was under the fourth special region of heinen United province. After heinen United province was separated, it still belonged to Nenjiang province.

In May 1949, Nenjiang province was abolished and put under the jurisdiction of Heilongjiang Province.

After the founding of new China

In August 1954, it was transferred to the newly established Nenjiang special zone.

On October 10, 1956, the State Council approved the abolition of duerbert banner and the establishment of duerbert Mongolian Autonomous County. The people's Committee of the Autonomous County is still in Taikang town.

From May 1960 to October 1961, Nenjiang district was once abolished and led by Qiqihar city.

From 1984 to 1992, Qiqihar County, Heilongjiang Province

On August 21, 1992, it was under the leadership of Daqing city.

administrative division

Division evolution

In 2000, duerbert Mongolian Autonomous County had jurisdiction over 4 towns and 7 townships. Among them, the towns are: Taikang Town, hujitumo Town, yantongtun Town, Talaha Town, Yixin Township, keltai Township, Baiyinnuole Township, aolinxibo Township, Bayanchagan Township, Yaoxin Township, Jiangwan Township and green grassland pasture virtual township.

Since 2001, duerbert Mongolian Autonomous County has governed four towns and seven townships: Taikang Town, yantongtun Town, hujitumo Town, Talaha Town, Jiangwan Town, Yixin Town, keltai Town, Baiyinnuole Town, Yaoxin Town, Bayanchagan Town, aolinxibo town. It covers an area of 6054 square kilometers. 135 administrative villages will be adjusted to 82.

On November 25, 2019, Taikang town changed its name to duelbert town.

Zoning details

As of October 15, 2019, duerbert Mongolian Autonomous County has jurisdiction over 5 towns and 6 townships: duerbert Town, hujitumo Town, yantongtun Town, Lianhuanhu Town, Talaha Town, Yixin Township, keltai Township, Jiangwan Township, aolinxibo Township, Bayanchagan Township and Yaoxin township.

geographical environment

Location context

Duerbert Mongolian Autonomous County is located in the west of Heilongjiang Province, on the East Bank of the lower Nenjiang River. It is adjacent to Tailai County in the west, Zhenlai County of Jilin Province across the river in the southwest, Zhaoyuan County in the south, Daqing City in the East, Qiqihar city and Lindian County in the north. It is located at 45 ° 23 ˊ - 45 ° 59 ˊ N and 123 ° 47 ˊ - 125 ° 45 ˊ E. The total area of the county is 6003 square kilometers.

geology

The geological structure of duerbert Mongolian Autonomous County belongs to the Songliao platform syncline, which is located on the platform of the ladder belt in the west of Songliao depression. The basement is composed of the large fault zone and the fault block arched up relatively in the central depression zone, descending in a stepped manner from west to East. The basement is covered with a thick sedimentary layer.

The stratigraphic structure of duerbert Mongolian Autonomous County is characterized by: the tertiary Taikang formation is gray and gray white sand layer, containing gravel and gray and gray green sandy mudstone, with a sedimentary thickness of 62-94m. Unconformity contact with Quaternary. The Quaternary is the basin overburden. The upper part is black humus, loess and loose sand, and the lower part is gray brown and black clay. The bottom is gray and yellow gray sand layer and sand gravel layer, with a thickness of about 118m.

landforms

Duerbert Mongolian Autonomous County is located in Songnen Plain in the west of Heilongjiang Province, 212 kilometers away from Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang Province. The undulating sand hills, rippling Lake bubbles, saline alkali lowlands and Nenjiang River Beach constitute the main landform.

climate

Duerbert Mongolian Autonomous County is located in the middle latitude, in the temperate semi humid climate to temperate semi-arid climate transition zone, belongs to the temperate continental climate. Its basic characteristics are strong wind in spring and dry climate; due to the influence of southeast monsoon in summer, the weather is mild and precipitation is concentrated; it is cool in autumn and often has early frost; there is little snow in winter, because it is controlled by strong Mongolian high pressure, it often blows northerly and has cold weather under its influence.

hydrology

The water area of duerbert Mongolian Autonomous County is wide and rich in surface water and groundwater resources, accounting for 30.7% of the total water area of Songnen Plain. The runoff of each basin in the territory mainly comes from natural rainfall, and there is a small amount of ice melting and snow melting runoff in spring. The river flood is generally formed by rainstorm, mainly concentrated in July to August. The main water sources in the territory are Nenjiang River, Wuyuer River and Shuangyang river. The dry season is mainly in spring, and some rivers will be cut off.

natural resources

water resource

The main stream of Nenjiang River flows through the west of duerbert Mongolian Autonomous County, with a length of 146.7 km, forming five large river branches: erdaohe, Erdaojiang, sandaohezi, houxinxiaohezi and shimianpu xiaohezi. The average annual water inflow is 3.2-28.5 billion m3, of which 1.5-2 billion m3 can be used. Wuyuer river is a tailless flood, forming 58 lakes and boundless reed wetlands, with a drainage area of 72500 hm2 in duerbert Mongolian Autonomous County. Since 1985, four artificial rivers with a total length of 70km have been built.

plant resources

There are marshy meadow vegetation with the hygrophyte Calamagrostis angustifolia as the constructive species on the low wet land flooded by the river in duerbert Mongolian Autonomous County. In the middle, North and east of China, meadow soil with different degrees of salinization and alkalization is often formed, in which Leymus chinensis and Puccinellia tenuiflora communities are distributed. Due to the change of micro land type, different types of complexes are often formed in the micro land, which are mainly composed of Leymus chinensis and Puccinellia tenuiflora. Suaeda salsa, Artemisia ordosica and Phragmites australis grow around the alkali bubble. There are zonal vegetation distributed on the sand hills in the middle part of China, most of which are meadow steppe vegetation dominated by Stipa baicalensis community. According to the survey and statistics, there are 73 species of aquatic plants in 29 families in the county, among which the economic plants are reed, cattail, water chestnut, etc. the annual output of commercial reed in the county is more than 150000 tons.

The terrestrial plants belong to 60 families, 189 genera and 304 species, of which L44 species are forage plants, accounting for 47.4% of the grassland plants, mainly including Leymus chinensis, Lespedeza Xingan and other gramineous and legume forages, with an annual output of 300000 tons of high-quality forages; 103 species are medicinal plants, including Saposhnikovia divaricata, liquorice, bupleurum, Platycodon grandiflorum, Gentiana, Zhimu, Sophora flavescens, Scutellaria baicalensis, lily, Adenophora, polygonatum, Artemisia capillaris, accounting for 33.90% of the total plant species . The main crops are corn, millet, sorghum, soybean, soybean and rice. The main artificial forages are Melilotus, alfalfa and Astragalus adsurgens, which grow well; the main artificial afforestation species are poplar, Pinus sylvestris, elm, willow, seabuckthorn and Caragana.

Animal resources

Durbert Mongolian Autonomous County belongs to the Palaearctic, Daxinganling sub region and Songliao plain sub region of Northeast China. On the whole, the wild animal resources in the county are rich in species and large in quantity, showing a downward trend on the whole, and individual animal resources show a trend of recovery.

Birds: there are 149 species of birds in duerbert Mongolian Autonomous County, belonging to 16 orders and 36 families. There are 86 species of non Passeriformes, accounting for 58% of all birds; 63 species of Passeriformes, accounting for 42% of all birds. There are a variety of rare and endangered animals, such as the Red Crowned Crane.

Fish: there are 51 species of fishes in duerbert Mongolian Autonomous County, belonging to 12 families.

Mammals: there are 5 orders, 9 families and 23 species of mammals in duerbert Mongolian Autonomous County, accounting for 22.5% of the total number of mammals in the province. Before the founding of the people's Republic of China, the county was particularly rich in animal resources, including economic animals such as yellow sheep, roe deer, fox, raccoon dog, badger, and rare and endangered animal species, which often appeared in the form of clusters with a large number and species. The species and quantity of these animals have been greatly reduced, and they are the key protected objects of the state. Due to the decrease of carnivores, the number of small rodents increased, which caused great harm. All kinds of rodents not only harmed crops, but also destroyed grassland

Chinese PinYin : Hei Long Jiang Sheng Da Qing Shi Du Er Bo Te Meng Gu Zu Zi Zhi Xian