Houma City, Linfen City, Shanxi Province

Houma Houma is a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Shanxi Province, which is managed by Linfen City. It is located in the southwest of Shanxi Province. Its geographical coordinates are 111 ° 23 ′ 5 ″ - 111 ° 41 ′ 1 ″ E and 35 ° 24 ′ 2 ″ - 35 ° 52 ′ 9 ″ n. It is adjacent to Quwo County in the East, Xinjiang county in the west, Wenxi County in the South and Xiangfen County in the north.

Houma City belongs to the temperate monsoon climate zone, cold in winter and hot in summer, with four distinct seasons. The city has five streets and three townships, with a total administrative area of 220 square kilometers. It is the smallest county-level city in Shanxi Province. In 2019, the city's total population will be 296000, with an urbanization rate of 66.6%.

Houma is a national garden city, a national health city, a national double support model city, a national ecological demonstration area, a famous green city in China, a model city of environmental protection in Shanxi Province, and a civilized and harmonious city in Shanxi Province.

On December 7, 2016, Houma City was listed as the third batch of national new urbanization comprehensive pilot areas. In October 2018, it was selected as one of the top 100 counties and cities with investment potential and new urbanization quality in 2018. In October 2019, it will be selected into the top 100 counties and cities with investment potential in 2019 and top 100 counties and cities with new urbanization quality in 2019. In November 2020, it will be selected as the third batch of water-saving society construction standard counties (districts).

Historical evolution

According to archaeological findings, as early as 7000 years ago, there were human beings living here.

In 585 BC, the state of Jin moved the capital from Yicheng County to Xintian (now the urban area) and called it Xinjiang. It passed on to the 13th generation and lasted 216 years.

Qin Jiangxian home, Hedong county.

Jiangyi County in Eastern Han Dynasty belongs to Pingyang County.

Wei of the Three Kingdoms belongs to Pingyang County.

In the 11th year of Taihe (487) of the Northern Wei Dynasty, Quwo County was changed and moved to the present Quwo County. Since then, it has been under the jurisdiction of Quwo County in all dynasties.

In the 10th year of Tang Zhenguan (636), xintianfu was set up here, and then it was abolished.

In 1375, a post station was set up here, connecting Pingyang mansion in the north, Youyan in the north, tielingguan in the south, Qin, Yu, Shu and Chu in the north. Due to the large number of horses, most of the former important officials of the imperial court waited here for food and lodging and changed horses, so they were called Houma.

Qing Jiaqing 24 years (1819) set up patrol division, belongs to Pingyang house. In the first year of the Republic of China, it was abandoned and belonged to Hedong road.

It was liberated on April 6, 1947 and belonged to the Xinjiang division of southern Shanxi in February 1949.

In 1950, it belonged to Linfen district.

The Preparatory Office of Houma City was established in October 1956 and abolished in December 1957.

In August 1958, Quwo, Xinjiang and Fencheng counties were merged into Houma City, which belongs to the south of Shanxi Province. In 1962, because of the temporary difficulties of the national economy, Houma City was put off construction.

In May 1963, Quwo County was restored and the county government was stationed in Houma.

In July 1971, the State Council approved the restoration of five communes in Quwo County to Houma City, belonging to Linfen area.

On August 1, 1971, Houma City and Quwo County branch office, Quwo County site moved back to the new city.

On November 1, 2000, Linfen was set up as a city, and Houma City at the county level was transferred to Linfen City directly under the central government of Shanxi Province.

administrative division

By 2020, Houma City has 5 streets, 3 townships, 30 communities and 68 administrative villages.

geographical environment

Location context

Houma City is located in the plain between Linfen basin and Yuncheng Basin in the south of Shanxi Province, at the intersection of Fenhe River and Huihe river. It spans 111 ° 23 ′ 5 ″ - 111 ° 41 ′ 1 ″ e, 35 ° 24 ′ 2 ″ - 35 ° 52 ′ 9 ″ n, Quwo County in the East, Xinjiang county in the west, Wenxi County and Jiang County in the south, and Xiangfen County across Fenhe River in the north. It is 17.5 kilometers long from east to west and 16.5 kilometers wide from north to south, with a total area of 220 square kilometers.

topographic features

The terrain in the city is relatively flat, which is a part of Jinnan basin. The altitude ranges from 420 to 457 meters. The altitude of Zijin Mountain in the south is 1055 meters. The Huihe river runs through the city for 12 kilometers, with a width of 30 meters. Fenhe River runs through the city for 15 kilometers and is 300 meters wide. The two rivers converge in the southwest of the city and flow into Xinjiang county.

Climatic characteristics

Houma City has a warm temperate monsoon climate with four distinct seasons. In winter, there are few rain and snow, dry and windy in spring, concentrated rainfall in summer, high and cool in autumn.

Temperature: the annual average temperature is 12.6 ℃, the coldest in January, with an average of - 2.4 ℃, and the extreme minimum temperature is - 21.4 ℃ (appeared on December 28, 1991); the hottest in July, with an average temperature of 26.1 ℃, but the extreme maximum temperature appeared in June, with a high temperature of 42 ℃ on June 21, 1996. The average accumulated temperature during the period when the daily average temperature passed 10 ℃ or above was 4265 ℃, and the average frost free period of the whole year was 197 days. However, early frost can be seen in September in some years, and late frost still appears in late April. Frost is more harmful to overwintering and spring sowing crops, especially late frost.

Precipitation: it varies greatly from year to year. According to the statistics of 14 years from 1957 to 1970, the annual average is 564.9 mm, while from 1957 to 2000, the annual average is 516.8 mm, but from 1971 to 2000, the annual average is only 493.0 mm. In the rainy year, it can reach 946.9 mm (1958), while the youngest is only 277.3 mm. In 1997, the difference was 570 mm, and the daily maximum precipitation was 158.4 mm (appeared on July 8, 1998). The distribution of precipitation in each season was very uneven. Spring (March may) accounted for about 19% of the annual total precipitation. In addition, the land was warming rapidly, the wind speed was large, and the drought was more serious than that in the whole year. Summer (June to August) accounts for about 52% of the total annual precipitation. The precipitation is concentrated, often accompanied by thunderstorms, sometimes accompanied by rainstorms, hail and gusty winds, which often cause serious disasters. However, in some years (for example, the precipitation was only 104.6 mm from June to August in 1968 and 78.5 mm from June to August in 1991), the phenomenon of summer drought was very serious. In autumn (from September to November), rain and snow are rare, accounting for only 40% of the total annual precipitation.

Wind: there are Luliang Mountain in the west, Ta'er mountain in the north, Taiyue Mountain in the East, Zijin Mountain in the south, surrounded by mountains on all sides. In the whole year, the frequency of static wind is in the majority, and the wind speed is small, with an average annual wind speed of 2.0 M / s. Generally, the wind speed is high in late spring and early summer (April to June), and the monthly average temperature can reach about 2.5 m / s. with high temperature and low humidity, dry hot wind often appears, which poses a threat to the wheat harvest. The wind speed is small in late autumn and early winter (November December). The number of gale days with magnitude 8 or above is very few, with an annual average of only 4 days, and the maximum number of gale days in a few years is 19 days (1957).

Visibility: generally, it is better in summer and autumn, but worse in winter and spring. The average is about 10000 meters, the maximum is 55000 meters, and the minimum is less than 50 meters. Due to the influence of urban development and many other human factors, the visibility deteriorates sharply. The main factors affecting visibility are: sandstorm, floating dust, smoke, fog, haze, rain, snow, etc.

natural resources

Water and soil resources

The total amount of water resources in Houma City is 43.28 million cubic meters, and the per capita share of water resources is about 185 cubic meters. There are Fenhe River and Huihe River in the territory, belonging to the Yellow River system. There is a reservoir in the river valley with a storage capacity of 28.56 million cubic meters. There are hot spring mineral water in the city, with high strontium content of 1.728 ~ 2.4mg/l, which is rare in Shanxi Province. Metasilicic acid is 26.9 ~ 30.06mg/l, self flow of hot spring is 933m3 / D, and water temperature is 39.5 ℃ ~ 40.5 ℃. It is a natural drinking mineral water containing strontium, metasilicic acid, sulfuric acid and sodium bicarbonate. It has abundant water resources and strong development potential.

In 2008, the total land area of Houma City was 22067.821 hectares, including 12786.957 hectares of agricultural land, including 9836.735 hectares of cultivated land, 745.544 hectares of garden land, 658.981 hectares of forest land, 60.713 hectares of pasture land, 1484.983 hectares of other agricultural land; 5708.078 hectares of construction land, including 4865.812 hectares of urban and industrial land, 467.77 hectares of traffic land, 237.469 hectares of water conservancy facilities land; The unused land is 3571.423 hectares.

mineral resources

Houma City is limited by its geographical location, and its mineral resources are relatively scarce. The exploitable mineral resources include: geothermal, mineral water, construction sand, stone, construction clay, etc. At the foot of Zijin Mountain, there are excellent granite stone and high-quality Valley sand resources, as well as gold, copper, iron and other mineral resources.

Biological resources

The main crops in Houma City are wheat, cotton and corn. The main tree species are poplar, willow, Sophora japonica, Paulownia, etc. Domestic animals mainly include cattle, horses, donkeys, mules, sheep, pigs, chickens, rabbits, etc.

Population data

According to the data of the sixth national census in 2010, the resident population of Houma City is 240005.

According to the 2013 population sampling survey, the city's permanent resident population was 243951 at the end of 2013, an increase of 1389 over the end of last year. Throughout the year, there were 2488 births, with a birth rate of 10.23 ‰, 1099 deaths, with a mortality rate of 4.52 ‰, and a natural growth rate of 5.71 ‰.

According to the 2016 population sampling survey, the city's permanent resident population was 247756 at the end of the year, an increase of 1185 over the end of the previous year. Born all year round

Chinese PinYin : Shan Xi Sheng Lin Fen Shi Hou Ma Shi