Hangjin Banner, Ordos City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Hangjin Banner Hangjin Banner, formerly known as Ordos right wing rear banner. Located in the northwest of Ordos City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, it faces Bayannaoer City across the Yellow River in the West and North, adjacent to Etuoke Banner and Wushen Banner in the South and Dongsheng District, Dalate Banner and Yijinhuoluo banner in the East. It crosses the Ordos Plateau and Hetao Plain. The Yellow River flows 242 kilometers from west to East through Quanqi. The Kubuqi Desert runs from east to west. The whole banner is naturally divided into the North River area and the South liangwai area. With a total area of 18900 square kilometers, the banner governs seven Sumu towns, which is a minority area dominated by Mongolian and dominated by Han nationality.

On July 27, 2018, with the approval of the people's Government of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, he withdrew from poverty banner. On July 29, 2020, it will be included in the National Health township (county) naming list of 2017-2019 cycle. In November 2020, it will be selected as the sixth national civilized city.

geographical environment

position

Hangjin Banner is located in the northwest of Ordos Plateau, facing Bayannaoer City across the Yellow River in the West and North, Etuoke Banner and Wushen Banner in the south, Dongsheng District, Dalate Banner and Yijinhuoluo banner in the East. It straddles the Ordos Plateau and Hetao Plain.

climate

Hangjinqi is a typical semi-arid plateau continental climate with strong solar radiation, abundant sunshine, dry and less rain, large evaporation, strong wind and sand, short frost free period, early October freezing, next April thawing, changeable cold and hot seasons, long and cold winter, short and hot summer, rapid warming in spring, and significant temperature drop in autumn. Most of the year is controlled by the air flow in Siberia and Outer Mongolia Plateau. The annual average temperature is 6.8 ℃, and the winter is cold and long. The average temperature in January is - 11.8 ℃, and the extreme low temperature is - 32 ℃. The summer is warm and short. The average temperature in July is 22.1 ℃, and the extreme high temperature is 38.7 ℃. Affected by the terrain, the temperature decreases from east to west. The average sunshine time is 3193h.

Hangjin Banner is dry with little rain, nine years of drought and spring drought every year. The annual average precipitation is 245mm. 60% of the precipitation is concentrated in July to September in summer. The annual average evaporation is 272mm, the relative humidity is 49%, and the dryness is 1.98. The annual average wind speed is 3.0 m / s, which is common in spring. The maximum wind speed is 28.7 M / s, accompanied by sandstorm weather. The average frost free period is 155 days, and the soil freezing depth for many years is 1.5m.

topographic features

Hangjin Banner, located in the northwest of Ordos Plateau, is high in the South and low in the north, high in the East and low in the West. The terrain and geomorphology of the territory are inlaid and arranged by the Yellow River alluvial plain, sandy desert, wavy high plain and Pisha Sandstone hills, with obvious zonal distribution law: the alluvial plain on the South Bank of the Yellow River is in the north, with an average width of about 10km, and the terrain is flat, with an altitude of 1012-1080m, high in the West and low in the East. The lowest point of Hangjin Banner is at the entrance of maublag kongdui gully in longmaoying village of Hangjin Nur, with an altitude of 10 12m。 The geological structure is a subsided graben basin, which is covered by thick layer of yarn and clay like quaternary proluvial alluvial lacustrine deposits, with a thickness of several hundred meters; The Kubuqi Desert is located in the middle and north of the whole banner. It is 180km long from east to west and 40-70km wide from north to south, covering an area of 7668.50km2, accounting for 40.54% of the total land area of the whole banner. The altitude is 1040-1360m, high in the West and low in the East. The aeolian landform is very developed, forming a vast desert landscape dominated by crescent dune chain, sand ridges and honeycomb dunes. Most of the sand dunes are formed in situ, and the sand source comes from the underlying materials, which are blown and deposited in situ, followed by the aeolian deposits in the adjacent areas; The south central region of Kubuqi Desert is a wavy high plain and hilly area. The hills are distributed at the East and West ends, and the middle part is a wavy high plain with an altitude of 1068-1619.5m. The erosion and cutting of the hills at the East and West ends are strong, and the soil erosion is serious. Wulanbulag in the eastern hilly area of tarangaole township is 1619.5m above sea level, which is the highest point of Hangjin Banner; the southeast is the edge of Maowusu sandy land, 1193-1550m above sea level, which is mainly composed of fixed and semi fixed sand dunes, with few mobile sand dunes. The dune morphology is mainly crescent dune and crescent dune chain. Kubuqi Desert originated in the west, across the East and West, the whole banner is divided into the north area along the river, the south area outside the beam.

Liangwai: located in the middle of Kubuqi and Maowusu deserts, it belongs to desert and semi desert grassland, mainly grassland and natural forest protection area, with vast grassland;

Along the river: close to the South Bank of the Yellow River, it is a long and narrow alluvial plain of the Yellow River, with flat terrain, abundant water resources and fertile soil.

river system

Outflow system

（1） Pinhole

The maobulacongdui River Basin originates from Xini bulagacha, Xini Town, flows through Xini town and hangjinnur Township, and flows into the Yellow River in the north of longmaoying village, hangjinnur township. The flow section is mostly hilly terrain with steep slope, sparse vegetation and serious soil erosion. The main ditch passes through Kubuqi Desert, with high sediment content and frequent flood. The total area of the basin is 1260.7km2, which is 1201.7km2 in Hangjin Banner, including 752.7km2 in Hilly and gully area, 425.8km2 in the middle reaches of Kubuqi Desert belt and 82.20km2 in the lower reaches of plain area. The main channel is 110.9km long with an average gradient of 4.3 ‰. The annual average surface runoff is 2859 × 104m3, the maximum peak discharge is 5600m3 / s, and the annual average sediment discharge is 210 × 104t. The erosion modulus of Kubuqi Desert Zone in the north and central part of China transits from 7000t / km2. A. in the hilly and gully area in the south to 5000t / km2. A. in the Kubuqi Desert Zone in the north and central part of China. The maobulakongdui watershed in Hangjin Banner consists of 13 tributaries, 7 on the left side and 6 on the right side of the main stream, of which 5 tributaries are larger than 50km2. They are gediangaigou, huojitai, Tala, yashitu and Sudar which flow into the main stream from the right side. These tributary valleys are located in the hilly and gully areas, except that a part of yashitu and Sudar valleys are located in the southern edge of Kubuqi Desert. Except for gedianergai gully and kongdui gully, which are wide Qian arc-shaped and have no obvious gully rock, other gullies have gully rock, most of them are wide U-shaped, a few are deep narrow V-shaped, and most of them have long running water.

（2） Balagonggou

Balagong gully originates from the south of gesgunula in Bayin Engel area of Balagong town. The runoff flows through Balagong town and flows into the Yellow River from the west of Balagong town. The main ditch is 27.2km long and the drainage area is 70.4km2. It is a seasonal river with an average annual runoff of 23.23 × 104m3, an average gradient of 12 ‰, steep slope and sparse vegetation. Due to the lack of rainfall, the ditch dried up after the flood.

（3） Chaokaigou

Chaokai gully originates from shangdaimiao in Bayin enger area of Balagong Town, flows through Balagong Town, crosses the main canal on the South Bank of the Yellow River, and flows into the Yellow River 15km away. It is a strip-shaped basin, with an area of 177.6km and a main gully length of 30.25km. It is a seasonal river. It has short-term flood in flood season and is dry at ordinary times. The average annual runoff is 53.6 × 104m3, with an average gradient of 15 ‰. It is easy to cause disasters when floods occur.

（4） Other gullies

In addition to the outflow (Yellow River) system mentioned above, there are also some small gullies, which also belong to the outflow system. For example, Shasu gully, Moshi gully and Langhao gully, with a total drainage area of 273km2, are mostly hilly and mountainous areas. After the flood, the gully will dry up.

2、 Inland water system

（1） Molin River

Molin river originates from xiahatu spring in Yihe and Wusu, flows southeast and northwest, flows through the whole territory of Sumu, and disappears in Kubuqi Desert in Northwest. It flows through yaostu and haorao, a part of Qaidam and Sumu, and most of Bayin Engel area. The drainage area is 5220km2, the main ditch is 81km long, and the average annual runoff is 1.93 × 108m3, of which the base runoff is 772.6 × 104m3, accounting for 40% of the total runoff. The average gradient of the river bottom is 1.1 ‰, the sediment concentration is small, and the annual sediment discharge is 8.4 × 104t. The surface runoff is easy to control and has utilization value.

（2） Taolaigou

Taolai gully originates from the youfangliang of asergacha in Xini Town, flows through Xini Town, Yihe and Wusu Sumu, and finally flows into YANHAIZI by Yihe and Wusu Sumu. The main gully is 83.8km long, with an average gradient of 3.3 ‰. The drainage area is 905.23km2, with an average annual runoff of 362.09 × 104m3 and a base flow of 144.8 × 104m3.

（3） Ye Libiao

Yelibai gully flows through Xini town and hangjinnaoer village, with a drainage area of 119.58km2, a main gully length of 29.7km, and an average gradient of 5.5 ‰. The basin is characterized by serious desertification, short runoff time, long water free time, and an average annual runoff of 47.83 × 104m3.

（4） Wustu River

Wustu river passes through Xini town and hangjinnaoer Township, with drainage area of 84.5km2, main ditch length of 16.35km, average gradient of 4.6 ‰, serious desertification, short runoff time, long water free time, and average annual runoff of 33.66 × 104m3.

（5） Zakdai River

Zakdai river originates from South ulansu, Xini Town, with a drainage area of 381.02km2 and a fan shape. The main river is 16.25km long, with an average gradient of 1.8 ‰. The average annual runoff is 152.41 × 104m3. It flows into honghaizi through swamp and has water in flood season in July, August and September.

（6） Khangadai River

The hangotai river originates in Hangzhou

Chinese PinYin : Nei Meng Gu Zi Zhi Qu E Er Duo Si Shi Hang Jin Qi