Kalaqin banner, Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Kalaqin banner is located in the east of Inner Mongolia, the south of Chifeng City, the intersection of Mongolia, Liaoning and Hebei provinces. It is located in Jinshan Town. It is located in the junction of Northeast Economic Zone and North China economic zone. It is adjacent to Jianping County in Liaoning Province in the East, Ningcheng County in Chifeng City in the south, Weichang County and Longhua County in Hebei Province in the west, Songshan District and Hongshan District in Chifeng City in the north, 38 km away from Chifeng City in the north It is 380 km from Beijing, 500 km from Shenyang and 280 km from Jinzhou port. Ye Chi railway, g306 National Road and S206 line pass through the territory, and Daguang Expressway meets in the jurisdiction,

Kalaqin is the name of the Mongolian tribe. The standard sound is "hariqin", which means "Guardian" in Chinese. The flag was set up in 1635. According to the records of Mongolian nomads, zilama, the son of Zhar chutai, a minister of the Yuan Dynasty, has a surname of wuliangha, and zuotazu has made great contributions to the world. Seven to Hetong, there are 6000 households, nomadic amount of Qinhe, the number of the Department called "harqin.". "Hetong" is the ancestor of Kalaqin tribe, which was followed by zigezhen borote.

In March 2019, it was announced by the Ministry of water resources as the first batch of water-saving society construction standard counties (districts). On April 18, 2019, the people's Government of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region decided to withdraw Kalaqin banner from the sequence of poverty-stricken counties. On December 31, 2019, it will be selected as a typical county of rural innovation and entrepreneurship in China.

On January 22, 2020, it was named National Garden County by the Ministry of housing and urban rural development.

Historical evolution

Kalaqin banner has a long history. The Hongshan Culture and other sites in the middle and late Neolithic period of 6000-5000 years ago, the Lower Xiajiadian cultural site in the late Neolithic period of 4200 years ago and the early Northern bronze age are discovered and unearthed. The stone tools, bone ware, pottery, bronze and other production and living utensils unearthed by archaeologists prove that the primitive ancestors in the territory lived a long life as early as 7000 years ago Primitive farming, fishing and hunting and animal husbandry settled life.

Since entering the Xia Dynasty, Kalaqin banner has been the territory of Shanrong, Donghu, Hun, Wuhuan, Xianbei, Xi, Qidan, Han, Nuzhen and Mongolia. In the late Warring States period, the Donghu nationality posed a military threat to the northern territory of the state of Yan. The Yan general Qin kainansha defeated Donghu and built the Great Wall. Five counties were set up along the line. Today, the territory of Kalaqin banner is under the jurisdiction of youbeiping county. After the Wei and Jin Dynasties, Xianyu Wenbu set up a tent in zimengchuan. During the reign of Zhenguan in Tang Dynasty, there were two prefectures, the Ledu prefectural and the Gongmo prefectural.

In 916 ad, yeluabaoji unified Qidan and established the state of Qidan, which was later renamed Liao. Liao emperor absorbed Han culture, expanded territory, created Khitan characters and set up agriculture and animal husbandry, and became a powerful regime in the north. After the Jin Dynasty destroyed Liao Dynasty, wars continued frequently and the economy declined. The ancient battlefield of shiquangou in the banner tells the history of the golden age and the bloody Castle Peak. After the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty, the territory of Kalaqin banner was under the jurisdiction of Shangdu road. Lemi (zilama), Genghis Khan's honorary minister, was the ancestor of the wuliangha tribe who later moved to karaqin.

Tomorrow, in 1462, borot led Hu Qi to travel eastward and return to wuliangha. From then on, the Kalaqin tribe of wuliangha Sanwei appeared.

In the second year of Tiancong (1629), subudi, the son of Zhar chutai, a yuan Minister of harqin, joined sereng, the uncle of his clan, to surrender gold. The left and right banners of Kalaqin were occupied. In the ninth year of Tiancong, guluzhibu, the son of subudi, was appointed as the right-wing banner of Kalaqin. Zazazak was in charge of Jianping and Kalaqin, and Seleng was appointed as the left-wing banner of Kalaqin. Zazazak was in charge of today's Kazuo and Lingyuan. The left and right banners of Kalaqin and the left, middle and right banners of tumete are under the jurisdiction of zhuosootu League in Inner Mongolia.

The Qing Dynasty (1644-1912) carried out the system of alliance and flag in most of the Mongolian areas. In three years, each Qi sak banner was in power independently and under the direct control of the Qing government. The first generation of qisak gulushqibu in karaqin right wing banner was Baile, the third qisak Bandar Shajin princess, the eighth qisak ratnasi was granted the title of Prince by the Qing government.

After the success of the revolution of 1911 (1912), qisakgongsangnorbu, karaqin Right Banner, established the Mongolian princes' Union and issued a statement in favor of the Republic and the Republic of China.

administrative division

There are 2 streets, 7 towns, 1 Township, 156 administrative villages, 4 communities and 5 state-owned agricultural (Forestry) farms in Kalaqin banner.

Towns: Jinshan Town, xiaoniuqun Town, Wangyefu Town, niujiayingzi Town, Nailin Town, Xiqiao Town and Meilin town.

Township: Ten Manchu townships

geographical environment

position

Kalaqin banner is located in the east of Inner Mongolia, the intersection of Mongolia, Liaoning and other provinces. It is located at the junction of Northeast Economic Zone and North China economic zone. It is adjacent to Jianping County of Liaoning Province in the East, Ningcheng County of Chifeng City in the south, Weichang County and Longhua County of Hebei Province in the west, Songshan District and Hongshan District of Chifeng City in the north. It is 38 km away from Chifeng, 380 km away from Beijing, 500 km away from Shenyang and 280 km away from Jinzhou port.

terrain

The terrain of Kalaqin banner is complex and diverse, and the terrain inclines from southwest to northeast, forming three geomorphic types: middle and low mountains, hills and valleys. The altitude ranges from 500 to 1890.9 meters.

hydrology

The main rivers in Kalaqin banner belong to Yingjin river system. The main river is Xibe river. The total runoff in 1980 was 1.99 million cubic meters. The density of river network is 1.5 km / km2.

climate

Kalaqin banner is a mid temperate continental monsoon climate, with strong and dry wind in spring, rainy and high temperature in summer, early frost in autumn, cold and less snow in winter, four distinct seasons and less rain. The average annual temperature is 3.5 ℃ ~ 7 ℃, the annual accumulated temperature is 2000 ~ 3200 ℃, the average temperature in January is - 11 ℃ ~ 14 ℃, the extreme minimum temperature is - 30.9 ℃ (January 21, 1971), the average temperature in July is 20 ℃ ~ 23 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 37.4 ℃ (July 17, 1972). The frost free period is 110-150 days, the annual sunshine is 2913.3 hours, and the average annual wind speed is 2.8 meters per second. The average annual precipitation is about 400 mm, and there are more forest areas in the southwest. The extreme precipitation is 96mm (July 25, 1962), and the annual precipitation is 591.2mm.

resources

mineral products

Kalaqin banner is rich in mineral resources. As of 2012, more than 20 kinds of metal minerals have been found, including gold, silver, copper, lead, manganese, and other non-metal minerals, including coal, fluorite, zeolite, limestone, bentonite, kaolin, pyroxene, silica, granite, perlite, marble, dolomite, crystal, agate, etc. Among them, 6 million tons of coal, 6 tons of gold, 420000 tons of fluorite, 9220 tons of limestone and 3.1 million tons of perlite have been proved. Zeolite is an important export mineral with large reserves and good quality.

Biology

The forest area in the southwest of Kalaqin banner is rich in wild plants, which is a paradise for wild animals. There are 803 species of vascular plants in 371 genera of 95 families, 5 species of gymnosperms in 5 genera of 3 families and 777 species of angiosperms in 353 genera of 83 families. Shanzhen game has fern, yellow flower, hazelnut mushroom, almond, pine seed, hazelnut, seabuckthorn fruit. There are 517 kinds of medicinal plants, such as ephedra, licorice, astragalus, bupleurum, Scutellaria, radix paeoniae rubra, lily, Atractylodes lancea and Polygala tenuifolia.

There are 26 species of rodents in Kalaqin banner, among which squirrel and chipmunk are the most typical. There are many carnivores in the flag, especially foxes and weasels. There were tigers, leopards, bears, wolves and other beasts in history. The herbivores include deer, roe deer and rabbits, among which roe deer and rabbits are widely distributed. Pheasant crow is the most common black bird, pheasant, partridge and so on are the pheasants of pheasant family, and Mongolian lark of lark family is the most typical songbird.

mineral products

As of 2011, 43 kinds of metallic and non-metallic minerals have been found in Kalaqin banner, including gold, iron, lead, zinc, molybdenum, coal, fluorite, limestone, bentonite, silica, granite, perlite and marble.

Part of the mineral reserves are: 60 million tons of coal, 12 tons of gold, 4 million tons of fluorite, 30 million tons of perlite, especially the limestone reserves of 250 million tons, ranking first in North China and Northeast China, and high quality, known as "North China white marble".

Population nationality

The establishment of Kalaqin banner began in 1635, the ninth year of Tiancong of Taiji, the emperor of the later Jin Dynasty. It was originally called Kalaqin right wing banner. At the beginning of its establishment, the population of Kalaqin banner was only 33000 people, 5286 households.

At the end of 2002, there were 360608 people. Among them, there are 209577 Han, 122282 Mongolian and 28302 Manchu. There are 324972 rural population and 35636 urban population. There are 14 nationalities in karaqin banner, including Mongolian, Han, Manchu, Hui, Korean, Daur, Ewenki, Zhuang, Xibo, Miao, Yao, Dong, Uygur and Li.

Economics

overview

In 2011, the GDP of karaqin banner reached 7.83 billion yuan, an increase of 14.8% over the same period last year; the local fiscal revenue was 559 million yuan, an increase of 39.4%; the investment in fixed assets above 500000 yuan was 7.64 billion yuan, an increase of 25.5%; the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 14639 yuan, an increase of 18%; and the per capita net income of farmers was 5832 yuan, an increase of 17%.

primary industry

The agricultural development of Kalaqin banner was earlier. During the spring and Autumn period and Warring States period, Rongshu (soybean) and dongcong (yangjiaocong) appeared in Kalaqin.

The cultivated land area of the whole banner is 860000 mu, which has basically realized the irrigation of farmland and improved varieties of crops. The grain output has been stabilized at 400 million jin, the forest coverage rate has reached 40%, and the natural mushrooms, pteridophytes, yellow flowers and other wild vegetables are rich in more than 200 million kg. Vegetables, tobacco, Chinese herbal medicine, apricot, grape, edible fungi, fattening cattle, small tail Han sheep base has a certain scale.

Kara, 2011

Chinese PinYin : Nei Meng Gu Zi Zhi Qu Chi Feng Shi Ka La Qin Qi