Hongdong County, Linfen City, Shanxi Province

Hongdong County Hongdong County, which belongs to Linfen City of Shanxi Province, is located in the south of Shanxi Province and the north end of Linfen basin. It is adjacent to Gu County by Huoshan in the East, Pu county by Luliang in the west, Huozhou and Fenxi in the north and Yaodu District in the south, with a total area of 1494 square kilometers.

Hongdong was named after "Hongya" in the south of the city and "Gudong" in the north of the city. In the Western Zhou Dynasty, Hongdong was the Marquis state of Yang. After the Qin Dynasty unified the six states, the county system was implemented, and Hongdong was the county of Yang. In 618, Yang county was changed into Hongdong, which has been passed down since then. Hongdong county is one of the birthplaces of the ancient civilization of the Chinese nation. It is known as the "hometown of Chinese". There are more than 250 cultural attractions and natural landscapes in Hongdong county. From ancient myths and legends to clear written records, only half of the 26 ancient figures listed in the dictionary of Chinese celebrities can be found in Hongdong. Hongdong pagoda tree is the only sacred place for people's sacrifice with the theme of "seeking roots" and "ancestor worship" in China. It is a key cultural relic protection unit in Shanxi Province and the largest sacred place for people's ancestor worship in China. It is known as "holy land for roots", "hometown of the world and hometown of Chinese".

In 2019, Hongdong County governs 9 towns and 7 townships with a permanent population of 766579, realizing a GDP of RMB 1514976 million, of which the added value of the primary industry is RMB 99455 million, the added value of the secondary industry is RMB 693684 million, the added value of the tertiary industry is RMB 72183.7 million, the proportion of the three industries is 6.6:45.8:47.6, and the per capita GDP is RMB 19763, which is 2865 US dollars according to the average exchange rate in 2018 Yuan.

In July 2020, the National Patriotic Health Association confirmed Hongdong County as the national health county in 2019.

Historical evolution

The origin of place names

The flood is a flood, and the cave is a torrent, because this place is close to the Fenhe River. According to the geographical records of the old book of the Tang Dynasty, hongdongling in the north of Yixian County was selected. According to Shanxi Tongzhi, there are Hongya ancient caves in Wuli of the north of the county. The county is named after the cave

History of construction

In Yao, Yushun, Xia and Shang Dynasties, Hongdong and Zhaocheng belonged to Jizhou.

In the Western Zhou Dynasty, Hongdong was the state of marquis Yang, and the ancient city was in the area of Fan Village, 9 kilometers to the East and south of today's county. Zhao City is the state of Zhao, and Jianzi City, 1.5km northeast of Zhao City, is the old city of Zhao state.

In the spring and Autumn period, Hongdong was the food town of Gan, the younger brother of Duke mourning of Jin Dynasty. Later, it was the food town of the eighth month of yangsheyue. In the 28th year of Duke Zhao of Lu Dynasty (514 BC), it began to be Yang county. Zhaocheng is the place where Zhao Jianzi lived. Hong and Zhao belong to the state of Jin.

In Qin Dynasty, Hongdong was Yang County, where the ruling village was located in the area of the current fan village. Zhao city belonged to * County, where the ruling place was Huozhou, and it belonged to Hedong county.

Because of this in the Western Han Dynasty.

In the Eastern Han Dynasty, * three counties (134 years) changed from Yang county to Yongan City, and Yang county remained.

During the Three Kingdoms period, Yang county and Yong'an belonged to the Wei Dynasty. In 247, Pingyang County was set up to govern Yang county and Yong'an.

Along the Wei Dynasty in the Western Jin Dynasty, Yongan county was once located in chouchi, 7.5 kilometers northeast of today's Zhao City.

In the Sixteen States, the two counties belonged to Pingyang County.

In the Northern Wei Dynasty, the two places belonged to Qinchang county and Pingyang County.

In the Eastern Wei Dynasty, Jinzhou was established and Yongan county was under its jurisdiction.

Zhaocheng county was established in 617, the first year of the Sui Dynasty. The county is 1.5 kilometers northeast of Zhaocheng, belonging to Huoshan County. In the second year of Yining (618), Yang county was changed to Hongdong County, which belongs to Linfen county.

In 618, Huoshan County was changed to Luzhou and Zhao City was still under its jurisdiction. At the beginning of Tang Dynasty, Hongdong was once saved into Linfen twice. During the reign of Zhenguan, both Hongxian and Zhaoxian belonged to Jinzhou, and Zhaocheng county government moved to Zhaocheng town.

During the Five Dynasties and ten states, the chieftains of Chang army and Jianxiong army were successively set up to govern Hongdong.

In the Northern Song Dynasty, both Hongdong and Zhaocheng belonged to Pingyang Prefecture. In 1072, Zhaocheng once entered Hongdong as a town. In 1080, the county was restored. In the third year of Zhenghe (1113), Zhao Cheng was promoted to Qingzuo army, which was soon abolished.

In the Jin Dynasty, both Hong and Zhao belonged to Pingyang Prefecture.

In the Yuan Dynasty, the area around Linfen was Pingyang road at the beginning. After the great earthquake in 1303, it was changed to Jinning Road, which governed Hongdong and Huozhou. Zhaocheng County belonged to Huozhou and was a second-class county.

In Ming Dynasty, both Hong and Zhao belonged to Pingyang Prefecture.

In the early Qing Dynasty, it was still the same. In 1772, Huozhou was promoted to Zhili Prefecture and led to Lingshi and Zhaocheng counties. Huozhou was ruled by the prefecture, and Hongdong was still Pingyang Prefecture.

At the beginning of the Republic of China, Hongdong and Zhaocheng belonged to Hedong Road, and the rule of Taoism was in Yuncheng. In 1930, after the abolition of Dao, both Hong and Zhao lived in Shanxi Province. At the beginning of the Anti Japanese War, Hong and Zhao belonged to the sixth special office of Shanxi Province, which was successively stationed in Zhaocheng, Fenxi, jinglixiang, Xixian County, Hongdong county government in hanjiazhuang, Yuanshang and Lijiaping, Zhaocheng county government in Luoyun and shuangchang. The sixth special office has an office in Hedong, located in shimenyu. Hong and Zhao counties have their own offices in Hedong. The Japanese puppet county governments in Hongdong and Zhaocheng were under the jurisdiction of Jining Road, Shanxi Province. After the "December incident" in 1939, anti Japanese regimes at all levels under the leadership of the Communist Party were established one after another. In April 1940, the Anti Japanese democratic government of Hongdong county (Hedong) and Zhaocheng county (Hedong) was established. In August 1940, the 93rd army of the Kuomintang set up an office in Nanyuan and stationed in yangjiazhang, which was abolished in the first half of the next year. In September 1940, Zhaocheng was assigned to Taiyue No.1 special office and Hongdong to Taiyue No.2 special office. In August 1945, Hongzhao (Hexi) United county government was established in the area west of Hongzhao county railway. It was successively stationed in daojue, bijiazhuang, Luoyun and Wan'an, and belonged to Luliang nine districts. After the surrender of the Japanese army, the Anti Japanese democratic government of the three counties was changed into the county democratic government. In April and June of the 36th year of the Republic of China (1947), the Kuomintang army withdrew from Hongzhao, and the two county governments of Hongzhao (Hedong) were stationed in the county. In July 1948, Hongzhao (Hexi) united with the county government and restored the two counties.

In 1949, the people's Republic of China was founded. In 1954, Hongzhao county was merged into Hongzhao county. The county government was in Hongdong county. At the same time, Yuncheng and Linfen special office were merged into Jinnan special office. Hongzhao county was under the jurisdiction of Jinnan special office. In December 1958, Hongzhao County merged with Huofen County, which was called Hongdong county. The county government was located in Hongdong city. In July 1959, Huofen county was separated from Hongdong county and restored to its original structure. In 1971, Linfen and Yuncheng special offices were set up separately, and Hongdong county was under the jurisdiction of Linfen administrative office. In 2000, Linfen area was changed into a city, and Hongdong county was under the jurisdiction of Linfen City.

administrative division

In 2019, Hongdong County governs 9 towns and 7 townships. Hongdong County People's government is located in dahuashu town.

Politics

Secretary of the county Party committee: Huang Wei (concurrently deputy secretary of Linfen municipal Party committee)

County head: Yang Jianjun

geographical environment

Location context

Hongdong county is located in the south of Shanxi Province and the north of Linfen basin. It is located in the middle of Beijing Xi'an tourism line. Huoshan and Gu County are separated in the East, Luliang and Pu County in the west, Huozhou and Fenxi in the north, and Yaodu District in the south. It is between 36 ° 05 ′ - 36 ° 23 ′ N and 111 ° 30 ′ - 112 ° 50 ′ e, 49.6 km long from east to west and 48.2 km wide from north to south, with a total area of 1494 square kilometers.

Climatic characteristics

Hongdong county belongs to warm temperate semi-arid continental climate, with an average temperature of 12 degrees for many years, and the dominant wind direction is northerly. The annual frost free period is 210 days, the average temperature is 12.7 ℃, the average sunshine is 2079.1 hours, and the average annual precipitation is 441.5 mm.

topographic features

Hongdong county is high in the East and West and low in the middle, with an average altitude of 430 meters. In the East is Huoshan mountain, with the highest peak laoyeding at 2347 meters above sea level; in the west is Luliang Mountain system, with low and long mountains, with the highest peak Taishan Mountain at 1347.6 meters above sea level; in the middle, Fenhe River runs from north to south, and the contour of Pingchuan gradually widens from north to south. There are a large area of hills on the periphery of the mountain, which are continuous from north to south depending on the East and West Mountains, forming beams, walls, hills and so on.

Hongdong county can be divided into four geomorphic units: mountain, hill, piedmont inclined plain and valley terrace. Among them, the mountainous area accounts for 18.9% of the total area, the hilly area accounts for 32.8%, the Piedmont inclined plain accounts for 26.7%, and the middle Valley terrace accounts for 21.6% of the total area.

Water system hydrology

Fenhe River is the main river in Hongdong county. The other perennial rivers are mainly honganjian, Quting River and Sanjiao river. Seasonal rivers mainly include Dahongyu River, Wuyang River, Honghong River, Tuanbai River, gaochi River, shigu stream, xingtangsi stream, jingouzi stream, etc.

Soil type

The soil in Hongdong county is mainly cinnamon soil, which is divided into 4 soil types, 12 sub types, 32 soil genera and 83 soil species. The soil distribution shows obvious horizontal zonation, vertical zonation and hidden domain characteristics.

natural resources

water resource

Hongdong county is rich in water resources. Fenhe River runs through the whole county from north to south, with groundwater resources of 140 million cubic meters per year. Guangshengsihuoquan is the largest carbonate karst spring in the county, with a flow of 80 million cubic meters per year.

land resource

Agricultural land

In 2015, the agricultural land area of Hongdong county was 110146.91 hectares, accounting for 73.66% of the total land area. include:

——Cultivated land: 69659.05 hectares, accounting for 63.24% of the agricultural land. Among them: paddy field is 24.34 hectares, irrigated land is 28427.58 hectares, and dry land is 41207.13 hectares, accounting for 0.03%, 40.81% and 59.16% of the total cultivated land respectively. Dry land is mainly distributed in Wan'an town and liujiayuan town in the western region; irrigated land is mainly concentrated in dahuashu Town, Yandi town and Xincun town in the central Pingchuan District.

——Garden: area of

Chinese PinYin : Shan Xi Sheng Lin Fen Shi Hong Dong Xian