Shandan County, Zhangye City, Gansu Province

Shandan County, which is subordinate to Zhangye City, Gansu Province, is located in the middle of Hexi corridor. It is the east gate of jinzhangye, an important Silk Road Town. It is adjacent to Yongchang in the East, Qinghai in the South and Alxa Right Banner in Inner Mongolia in the north. It is 148 km long from north to South and 89 km wide from east to west, with a total area of 5402 square kilometers. Shandan County is 1550-4441m above sea level, surrounded by mountains on three sides, high in the southeast and low in the northwest. It has a continental alpine and semi-arid climate. Shandan County's economy is dominated by agriculture and animal husbandry, with 857000 mu of cultivated land and 460000 mu of perennial cultivated area. It is a semi farming and semi pastoral county.

Shandan has the largest military horse farm in Asia. Shandan military horse farm has become the location of many films. The Ming Great Wall in Shandan is the most complete Ming Great Wall in China.

On October 10, 2018, the Gansu Provincial Government approved Shandan County to withdraw from poverty-stricken counties.

Historical evolution

Shandan has a long history. According to the annals of Shandan County, the ancient city of xiudan is located in the Yanzhi valley near Zhongshan temple. "It is reflected by the sunrise at dawn and alternated with Danbi, which is also called xiudan mountain, and the county gets its name from it.".

In the first year of Emperor Yu of Xia Dynasty, Shandan belonged to the territory of Yongzhou in Yugong and the ruins of Xirong. Yu granted his son to Xirong and became the leader from generation to generation.

In the 13th year of King Mu of Zhou Dynasty, Jigong led his division to the West with King Mu, and Xirong surrendered. During the Western Zhou Dynasty, Rong and Di people lived here.

During the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, Wusun and Yueshi lived together in Hexi. After that, Yueshi lived alone.

During the Qin and Han Dynasties, the Xiongnu in the North became strong, defeated and drove away the Yues, and Hexi became the territory of Youxian king of Xiongnu. The East and west of Heihe River were respectively led by King XiuTu and King hunxie.

In the Western Han Dynasty, in the second year of Yuanshou (121 BC), Huo Qubing, a general of Hushi, marched into Hexi and defeated Xiongnu. Hunxie and XiuTu led the people to return to the Han Dynasty. In the sixth year of the reign of emperor Ding of the Han Dynasty (111 BC), Zhangye county was set up with the meaning of "Zhangguo arm ye, in order to reach the western regions", and Shandan was the governor of Zhangye county.

In the first year of the founding of the Eastern Han Dynasty (9 years), Wang Mang abolished the Han Dynasty and established a new one, which changed the names of counties and counties. Zhangye county was renamed as Pingjun County, and Chen county was renamed as an official. Shandan is the county of sheping. In the 27th year of Jianwu, Emperor Guangwu Liu Xiu ordered the counties to restore their old names. Zhangye county and its counties were restored to their original names. Xiandi Xingping first year (194) in June, divided into Zhangye County rile, Shandan home West County.

During the Jin Dynasty and the southern and Northern Dynasties, Juqu Mengxun established the Beiliang state in Shandan, and its capital was Jiankang (today's camel city in Gaotai County).

In the early Sui Dynasty, shandanwei was changed to shandanwei, and agricultural production was vigorously developed. Shandan became an important place for China's foreign trade.

In the Five Dynasties, in the first year of Qianhua (911), Ganzhou Uighur attacked Shazhou, and Zhang Chengfeng made an alliance under the city. In June of the second year of Tongguang (924) of Zhuangzong in the later Tang Dynasty, the Uighur envoys in Ganzhou sent tribute to the later Tang Dynasty, and conferred the title of Wang Renmei as Yingyi Khan. In 928, the third year of emperor mingzong of the later Tang Dynasty, Ganzhou Uighur king Renyu (the younger brother of Renmei) sent an envoy to pay tribute and was named Fenghua Khan.

In the Northern Song Dynasty, in the sixth year of Tiansheng (1028), Li Yuanhao, the leader of Dangxiang nationality, defeated the Uighurs in Ganzhou and established Xixia.

In the Yuan Dynasty, Gansu Province was set as the provincial capital, Shandan. Marco Polo, an Italian traveler, once stayed in Ganzhou for one year on his way to Shangdu. In Marco Polo's travels, he described the wealth of Zhangye, the scale of the city and the magnificence of religious temples.

In the Ming Dynasty, Shandan was the capital of Shaanxi Province and the seat of Gansu town.

In the Qing Dynasty, Shandan County was set up. Shandan was the headquarters of Ganzhou Prefecture, the Governor General of Gansu Province and the commander in chief of Liangzhou, Suzhou, Xining and Ningxia.

In 2002, it was a prefecture level Zhangye City. In 2014, dongle Township, Chenhu Township and Daying Township were abolished and dongle Town, Chenhu town and Daying Town were established. After the adjustment, the county governs 6 towns and 2 townships: Qingquan Town, Weiqi Town, Huocheng Town, dongle Town, Chenhu Town, damaying Town, Laojun town and Liqiao town. In the same year, Qingquan town and Weiqi town were listed as national key towns.

administrative division

geographical environment

Location context

Shandan, located in the middle of Hexi Corridor in the west of Gansu Province, is adjacent to Yongchang in the East, Minle in the west, Qilian Mountain and Qinghai Province in the south, Alxa Right Banner of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in the north, xidahe reservoir in the southeast, Huangcheng District of Sunan Yugur Autonomous County, and Jiantan township of Zhangye City in the northwest. It is located at 100 ° 41 ′ e to 101 ° 42 ′ e, 37 ° 50 ′ n to 39 ° 03 ′ n, 89 km wide from east to west, 136 km long from north to south, covering an area of 5402.43 square kilometers.

topographic features

Qilian mountain stands in the south, Yanzhi mountain in the East, Longshou mountain in the north, with rolling hills and ravines. In addition to mountainous areas, the South and east of the county are alluvial plain, the middle is alluvial plain of trough zone, the high mountain area is folded low hills, the south foot of northeast Longshou mountain is wavy hills, and the North hongsihu area is closed valley plain. The whole county has gentle slope from Southeast to northwest.

Climatic characteristics

Shandan is located in the alpine region of the plateau. The whole territory belongs to the alpine and semi humid climate of the continental plateau. It has the characteristics of cold, unclear four seasons, concentrated rainfall and obvious vertical zonation. In winter, affected by Siberian cold air mass, the climate is cold and dry, and precipitation is scarce. In summer, affected by the Pacific subtropical high and the Indian Ocean warm and humid air flow, the climate is warm and cool with concentrated rainfall. In 2013, there were 283 days in winter and 82 days in spring, and there was no summer. The cold and semi-arid area is between 2600m and 2850m above sea level, and the cold and humid area is between 2850m and 4933m above sea level.

The annual average temperature of Shandan is 1 ℃, the temperature difference between day and night is large, and the frost free period is about 110 days. The effective accumulated temperature (≥ 0 ℃) is 1834 ℃ at 2500 meters above sea level, and 1752 ℃ at 2550 meters above sea level. In 2013, the sunshine was sufficient, and the theoretical sunshine hours was 2823 hours (based on the standard of the second field, it decreased with the elevation from north to South).

hydrographic features

Maying river is the largest river in Shandan County. Maying River irrigation area is located in the middle of Shandan County, with Yongchang in the East, Zhangye in the west, Longshou mountain in the north, Alxa Right Banner in Inner Mongolia, and Qilian Mountain in the south, covering an area of 2136 square kilometers. Maying river is 36 km long from the end of baishiya canal to the entrance of Liqiao reservoir, with a drainage area of 1164 square kilometers. It irrigates 180000 mu of farmland in Maying, Liqiao, Chenhu and other towns.

natural resources

mineral resources

As of 2014, 24 kinds of minerals have been found in the territory, including 54 kinds of mineral deposits, and 10 kinds of minerals have been developed and utilized, including coal, clay, iron, limestone, silica, talc, gold, silver, dolomite, granite, etc. Through the general survey and detailed investigation of mineral resources in Shandan County, it is preliminarily found that the recoverable coal reserves are 403 million tons, 385 million tons of dolomite, 286 million tons of refractory, 150 million tons of kaolin, 67 million tons of silica, 4.49 million tons of iron ore and 560000 tons of fluorite. The main industrial products include cement, ferrosilicon, refractory, coke, coal, Baijiu, vegetable oil and so on.

Biological resources

The biological resources of Shandan County include flax, melons and vegetables, Chinese herbal medicine, etc., covering an area of about 250000 mu; the forage grass is mainly hairy vetch and alfalfa. The reserve area of forest land is 800000 mu, including 60000 mu of economic forest. The number of cattle, sheep, pigs and chickens was 10000, 500000, 60000 and 500000 respectively.

Water resources

Shandan County has 194.5 million cubic meters of water resources, 124 million cubic meters of self-produced water resources, including 85.7 million cubic meters of surface water resources and 38.3 million cubic meters of groundwater resources. There are Maying River, Huocheng River, Sigou River, Shandan River and Xiaogou and Xiaocha in the shallow mountainous area of Dahuang mountain.

Political system

Secretary of the county Party committee: Feng Jun

Deputy secretary and head of the county Party committee: Zhang Wei

Deputy county heads: Zhou Guoguo, Zhang Yong, Yan Xiufeng, Li Guozhi

Standing committee members of the county Party committee: Wang Guofeng, Yang Cheng, Yang Younan, Li Yun, Fang min, Zhou Guoguo, Cheng Xinmin

Economic overview

comprehensive

In 2013, the GDP of Shandan County was 3.881 billion yuan, an increase of 12.4% over 2012. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 837 million yuan, an increase of 6.2%; the added value of the secondary industry was 1.327 billion yuan, an increase of 14.9%. Among them, the industrial added value was 789 million yuan, an increase of 15.8%; the tertiary industry added value was 1.717 billion yuan, an increase of 12.9%. The per capita GDP was 23839 yuan, up 11.1% year on year. The structure of the three industries was adjusted from 22:36:42 in 2012 to 22:34:44. Compared with 2012, the proportion of the primary industry was the same as that of 2012, the proportion of the secondary industry decreased by 2 percentage points, and the proportion of the tertiary industry increased by 2 percentage points. In 2013, Shandan County achieved agricultural added value of 837 million yuan (including horse farm), an increase of 6.2%.

primary industry

planting

In 2013, the total sown area of Shandan County was 629400 mu, an increase of 4.02% over 2012. Among them, the grain planting area was 419300 mu, an increase of 3.38% over 2012; the oil planting area was 79500 mu, an increase of 4.3%; the planting area of other crops was 130600 mu, an increase of 5.92%. The total grain output in 2013 was 176848 tons, an increase of 4.3% over 2012. The total oil production was 15480 tons, an increase of 6.5% over 2012.

Forestry

In 2013, we fully implemented the construction of forestry ecological projects such as natural forest protection, wetland ecological protection, conversion of cropland to forest, conversion of grazing land to grass and afforestation, and completed a total afforestation area of 20000 mu in 2013. In this year, the area of Closing Hillsides for afforestation is 141800 mu.

Animal Husbandry

two hundred and one

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