Baiyin District, Baiyin City, Gansu Province

Baiyin District Baiyin district belongs to Baiyin City, Gansu Province. Baiyin is named after the mine and is divided into districts by enterprises. It is located in the middle of Gansu Province, the west of Baiyin City and the middle of the upper reaches of the Yellow River. It is located in the northwest edge of the Loess Plateau in the west of Gansu Province. The general trend of the terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, with an average altitude of 1946.5 meters. It borders Gaolan County of Lanzhou City in the west, the Yellow River in the south, Qingcheng township of Yuzhong County and pingbao township of Jingyuan County across the river, Liuchuan township of Jingyuan County in the East, and Zhongquan township of Jingtai County in the north.

Baiyin District, with a total area of 1352 square kilometers, has jurisdiction over two townships of qiangwan and Wuchuan, three towns of shuichuan, Silong and Wangxian, five streets of Renmin Road, Gongyuan Road, Gongnong Road, Silong road and Zhifang Road, 45 administrative villages and 44 communities, with a total population of 290900, including 60500 rural population, with an urbanization rate of 90.2%.

In July 2019, it will be selected as the pilot county (District) of the national intellectual property project. In 2021, "Gansu blue book" won the title of "top ten counties" in Gansu county comprehensive competitiveness.

Historical evolution

In the late Neolithic period, there were already ancestors living in the territory.

Dujian city was first built in the Qifu family of Xianbei who was stationed in the pastoral area 1600 years ago. Later, it was the place where qifuqian of the Western Qin Dynasty, who once ruled the whole Longyou region, returned to power and established the capital. It is the seat of the QINXING County of the Western Qin Dynasty.

From Xia Dynasty, Shang Dynasty, Zhou Dynasty to spring and Autumn period and Warring States period, the area was mainly nomadic land of Qiang people.

At the end of Qin Dynasty and the beginning of Han Dynasty, it was the nomadic land of Xiongnu nationality.

In the Western Han Dynasty, in the sixth year of Yuanding, Emperor Wu (111 BC), the territory belonged to the Han Dynasty and belonged to Wuwei County.

The Three Kingdoms belong to Wei Wuwei County.

In the Western Jin Dynasty, the area was the base of the bald family in Xianbei. At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, it still belonged to Wuwei County.

In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, in the fifth year of the reign of Yixi (409), qifuqian of the Western Qin Dynasty returned from mubao (now Linxia) to dujiancheng (now the open-pit mine site), where he changed his capital and established QINXING county.

In the northern and Southern Dynasties, it was subordinate to Pingliang County in the Northern Wei Dynasty, Huizhou in the Western Wei Dynasty, and huiningfang in the Northern Zhou Dynasty.

In the Sui Dynasty, the district was under the jurisdiction of Wuwei County. Yangdi Daye three years (607), home will Ning County, district territory belongs to.

In the Tang Dynasty, Wulan (now Jingyuan) County, Lihui Prefecture, the first year of Taizong Zhenguan (627), belongs to Longyou road.

From the Five Dynasties to the early Northern Song Dynasty, it was the base of Dangxiang nationality. In the first year of Jingyou in the Northern Song Dynasty (1034), the territory was the territory of Xishou Jianjun in Xixia.

In the second year of Baoqing (1226) in the Southern Song Dynasty, the Mongol army entered the country to destroy the Xixia.

In the Yuan Dynasty, after the unification of China, it belonged to Xining Prefecture, Yongchang Road, Gansu Province.

In the Ming Dynasty, it belonged to jingluwei (now Jingyuan) of Ganzhou, the administrative office of Shaanxi Xingdu.

In the Qing Dynasty, today's Silong town belongs to Jingyuan County of Lanzhou Prefecture, and today's shuichuan Town, qiangwan, Wangxian and Wuchuan Township belong to Gaolan County of Lanzhou Prefecture.

In the early days of the Republic of China, the territory belonged to Jingyuan County, Gaolan county and Hongshui County of Lanshan road. In 1928, the road was abandoned and it was directly under the Gansu provincial government. In 1933, Jingtai County was established and Hongshui county was incorporated.

At the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China, Jingyuan, Gaolan and Jingtai counties were still under its jurisdiction.

In June 1956, the State Council approved the establishment of Baiyin Preparatory Committee (county level);

In April 1958, Baiyin city was upgraded to prefecture level city.

In November 1961, the suburb of Baiyin city was set up;

In July 1963, the organizational system of Baiyin city was abolished, and the suburban area was renamed Baiyin District, which belonged to Lanzhou city.

On May 14, 1985, the State Council approved the restoration of Baiyin City (prefecture level). Baiyin District of Lanzhou City and qiangwan, Wuchuan and shuichuan townships of Gaolan county were assigned to Baiyin City, and Baiyin District of Baiyin city was established (implemented in August).

administrative division

As of December 2018, Baiyin district has 5 streets, 3 towns and 2 townships: Renmin Road Street, Gongyuan road street, Silong road street, Gongnong Road Street, Zhifang road street, shuichuan Town, Silong Town, Wangxian Town, qiangwan Township and Wuchuan township. District People's government resident Renmin Road street.

geographical environment

Location context

Baiyin district is located in the middle of the upper reaches of the Yellow River, the middle of Gansu Province and the west of Baiyin City. It is the political, economic and cultural center of Baiyin City, an important non-ferrous metal base in China and an important energy and chemical base in Gansu Province. It is famous as "Tongcheng". It borders Gaolan County of Lanzhou City in the west, the Yellow River in the south, Qingcheng town of Yuzhong County and pingbao township of Jingyuan County across the river, Liuchuan township of Jingyuan County in the East, and Zhongquan township of Jingtai County in the north. It is between 36 ° 14 ′ 38 ″ - 36 ° 47 ′ 29 ″ north latitude and 103 ° 53 ′ 24 ″ - 104 ° 24 ′ 55 ″ east longitude, with a total area of 1372 square kilometers and 69 kilometers away from Lanzhou, the provincial capital.

topographic features

Baiyin area is located in the northwest edge of the Loess Plateau, with a tectonic basin surrounded by mountains on all sides and the Yellow River Valley in the south. The terrain is generally high in the northwest and low in the southeast, with an altitude of 1500-2200 meters. The highest point is qingshixian benchmarking mountain in Wuchuan Township, with an altitude of 2273 meters. The lowest point is the Yellow River beach in Silong Town, with an altitude of 1420 meters and an altitude difference of 853 meters.

The landform of the area is mainly low and medium mountain, Intermountain basin, loess ridge and valley basin. In the Loess Liangmao valley area, wind erosion mushroom shaped rock is common, showing Danxia landform landscape, with limestone caves in some parts.

The low and middle mountains are distributed in the western and northern boundary regions. The main peaks are below 2273 meters above sea level, and the relative height is between 200 and 500 meters. The geomorphic features are mostly exposed rock strata, steep mountains, and V-shaped gullies and canyons.

The Intermountain basin is distributed in the urban area, with a total area of about 100 square kilometers and an altitude of about 1700 meters. The overall terrain is relatively flat and slightly undulating, surrounded by mountains, high in the north and low in the south.

Loess hills are mainly distributed in the North Bank of the Yellow River between the shuichuan basin, the northern edge of the Silong basin and the southern edge of the haojiachuan basin, and also in the areas of Chuankou and Wuchuan. The Loess ridge and mound in the region are denuded low mountains and hills on the plateau, with an altitude of 1500-1800 meters, a maximum of about 2000 meters, a relative elevation difference of about 30-200 meters, and an area of about 670 square kilometers, accounting for about 50% of the total area of the region.

The landform of valley basin mainly includes Daxia, Wujinxia gorge, shuichuan and Silong basins. There are I-V terraces in the valley basin, with a total width of 3-6 km. The length of shuichuan basin is about 16 km from east to west, and that of Silong basin is about 5 km from east to west.

geology

Proterozoic: the Precambrian Gaolan group is distributed in the areas of baiyanggou, bienanaochi and Xixiakou in the western part of the territory. It is a set of metamorphic rocks, with a total thickness of more than 6000 meters, 540 million years ago.

Paleozoic: the Ordovician metamorphic rocks of Paleozoic are distributed in the area from Xiwan to Xiaotieshan. They are a set of volcanic rock series with a thickness of more than 9000 meters, about 500 million years ago. The mayinggou formation of Silurian system is distributed in jianjinshan and its west area. It is a complex structure with single lithology, with a total thickness of more than 3500 meters, about 440 million years ago.

Mesozoic: the Triassic Yanchang group of Mesozoic is distributed in dingjiayao, Zhaojiayao, dongjiangou, Xiwan and Erdaogou areas in the central part of the territory. It is mainly composed of sandstone and mudstone, with carbonaceous shale and poor thin coal seam. The thickness of the stratum varies greatly (70m ~ 1200m), about 190 million years ago. Jurassic strata are only distributed in a small area in dijiatai, luojiatan and yangjiadiwan. The lithology is mainly glutenite and sandstone, with a thickness of 130-230 meters, about 170 million years ago. The Cretaceous Hekou group is distributed from the south of Zhaojiayao and dingjiayao railway lines to the front of class IV terrace of the Yellow River. It is brick red thick layered sandstone, 120-140 million years ago.

Cenozoic: the tertiary Xianshuihe formation of Cenozoic is only distributed in Hongxian, Dushanzi and Yaqu, mainly composed of thick bedded sandstone, with a total thickness of more than 4165 meters, ranging from 25 million to 40 million years ago. The lower Pleistocene of the quaternary system is a set of conglomerate with a thickness of about 200m, which is exposed in the front of the fifth terrace of the Yellow River; the Middle Pleistocene is composed of stone loess and a small amount of conglomerate with a total thickness of 10m-30m, which is exposed in the fifth terrace of songjialiang, Xicha and the Yellow River; the upper Pleistocene is Malan Loess with a thickness of 5m-30m, which is widely covered on the hillsides and hills of the ancient topography in the territory, forming the Loess ridge and the Yellow River The Holocene is composed of alluvial proluvial clay, fine sand, sand pebbles and other loose deposits with a thickness of less than 10 meters, which are distributed in the Yellow river bed, floodplain, class I and II terraces, dabatan, dongdagou and Xidagou.

Intrusive rocks: the intrusive rocks are distributed in three places: one is Wujinxia plagiogranite, which is exposed on both sides of Wujinxia of the Yellow River, with an area of about 20 square kilometers; the other is yanwogeda plagiogranite, which is distributed from Gedan of Dadiwan to both sides of the Yellow River, with an area of about 30 square kilometers; the third is Baiyinchang granodiorite, which is distributed in baimawa, with an area of about 30 square kilometers About 2.0 square kilometers.

Structure: the whole area is located in the aningdundi part of qiluhe mountain type structural system, and in the third fold belt of Longxi brush like giant convolution structural system, Maya snow mountain Weijia mountain fold belt. After several large tectonic movements in Caledonian, Yanshanian and Himalayan, baiyangshugou shangheping fault in the west, Xiwan sujiawan fault in the northeast and Qingcheng huangyakou fault in the South were formed. Cut and controlled by these three faults, a large area of land in the middle of the territory presents an irregular triangle in landform, and the general terrain is lower than the surrounding mountains, which is called Baiyin shuichuan intermountain depression basin. The towns, villages and farmland in this area are mainly distributed in the delta depression basin.

Other structural faults are shuangyazi shangxigou fault, jiangoujing hongshaxian fault, zuojiagou fault and Xiaotieshan fault.

climate

Baiyin area belongs to the middle temperate continent

Chinese PinYin : Gan Su Sheng Bai Yin Shi Bai Yin Qu