Nanzheng District, Hanzhong City, Shaanxi Province

Nanzheng District, belonging to Hanzhong City, Shaanxi Province, is located in the southwest border of Shaanxi Province and the southwest of Hanzhong Basin, adjacent to Hanjiang River in the north and Bashan mountain in the south. It is adjacent to Chenggu County and Xixiang County of Shaanxi Province in the East, Tongjiang County, Nanjiang county and Wangcang County of Sichuan Province in the south, Ningqiang County and Mian County of Shaanxi Province in the west, and Hantai District of Shaanxi Province across the river in the north, with a total area of 2809.0363 square kilometers.

Nanzheng district is named after the southward migration of Zheng people. The climate in Nanzheng district belongs to the north subtropical and warm temperate zones, especially the north subtropical climate. Nanzheng is an important part of Hanzhong's "double hundred" urban planning, and it is also a tourism resource region of Shaanxi Province. The scenic spots in Nanzheng include world-class Tiankeng group, Nanhu Lake, hongsihu lake, Sichuan Shaanxi revolutionary base memorial hall, Liping National Forest Park, Hanshan square, etc.

In 2019, Nanzheng District governs two streets and 20 towns with 477400 permanent residents, realizing a GDP of 21.841 billion yuan, of which the added value of the primary industry is 3.335 billion yuan, the added value of the secondary industry is 11.053 billion yuan, and the added value of the tertiary industry is 7.453 billion yuan. The added value of the primary industry, the secondary industry and the tertiary industry respectively account for 15.3:50.6:34.1 of the GDP. According to the permanent resident population, the per capita GDP of the whole region reached 45760 yuan, an increase of 1.6%.

Historical evolution

The origin of place names

The place name of Nanzheng was first seen in the annals of the six kingdoms in historical records, Qin Benji, and the 26th year of Qin ligonggong, the great wall of zuoshu in Nanzheng. There are three versions of the origin of the name in history, among which the theory of "Zheng Min ran south" is gradually recognized by everyone. According to Li Daoyuan's annotation of Shuijing mianshui in the Northern Wei Dynasty, which quoted the old legend of Qi: "the name of Nanzheng began with Duke Huan of Zheng. Duke Huan died in Canrong, and his people ran to the south, so he was called "Nanzheng".

History of construction

The time of Nanzheng County establishment is unknown in history. In Xia and Shang Dynasties, it belonged to Liangzhou and was owned by Bao state.

In the Western Zhou Dynasty, it was merged into Yongzhou, and Nanzheng was the ancient capital of the Zhou Dynasty.

After entering the spring and Autumn period, it was the period when the vassal states fought for territory. In the 16th year of Qin Wengong (750 BC), Baoguo was destroyed by Yongguo, and Nanzheng was owned by Yongguo.

In 611 BC, King Zhuang of Chu united with the state of Ba and Qin to defeat the state of Yong, and Nanzheng entered the peak period of repeated competition among the Three Kingdoms. Nanzheng first belonged to Qin Dynasty, then entered Shu.

In 475 B.C., the Warring States period began. In 451 B.C., the city of Nanzheng was built by Zuo Shu of Qin Dynasty. In 441 BC, Nanzheng was attached to Shu. In the 13th year of Duke Huigong of Qin Dynasty (387 BC), he conquered Shu and recaptured Nanzheng. When Zhou Xianwang (368 BC), Nanzheng was occupied by Shu. In 361 BC, Hanzhong (excluding Nanzheng) was occupied by the state of Chu and bordered on Qin. In the ninth year of gengyuan (316 BC), King Huiwen of Qin Dynasty sent simacuo to lead the army to destroy Shu, and Nanzheng restored Qin. In the 13th year of gengyuan (312 BC), King Huiwen of Qin Dynasty, in the battle of Danyang between Qin and Chu, Qin captured 600 li of Hanzhong area of Chu, merged with Nanzheng area of Qin, established Hanzhong County, governed Nanzheng (now in Hantai District), and established Nanzheng County, one of the earliest counties in Shaanxi. Since the construction of Nanzheng city by Zuo Shu Chang of Qin Dynasty in 451 BC, it has been the seat of Hanzhong County, Dao, Fu and Xian, and the economic, political and cultural center of Southern Shaanxi. When Liu Bang was the king of Han Dynasty, he took Nanzheng as his capital.

At the end of the Han Dynasty, Zhang Lu established the political and religious regime here for nearly 30 years.

During the Three Kingdoms period, Shu Han and Cao Wei had a fierce contest in Nanzheng area. During the Taishi period of Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty, Nanzheng was the seat of Liangzhou and Hanzhong.

In 554, Nanzheng County was changed to Guangyi County, and its governance remained unchanged.

In the early years of emperor kaihuang of the Sui Dynasty, Nanzheng County was renamed, Hanchuan was abolished, Liangzhou county was retained, and Nanzheng County was under the jurisdiction of emperor kaihuang of the Sui Dynasty; in the early days of Daye of the Sui Dynasty, Liangzhou was abolished, Hanchuan county was restored, and Nanzheng was the county government.

In the first year of Wude (618), Emperor Gaozu of Tang Dynasty abolished Hanchuan county and set up Liangzhou, and Nanzheng was the seat of the state; in the first year of Zhenguan (627), Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, Nanzheng was a county of Shannandao Liangzhou.

In the Song Dynasty, Nanzheng was a county under the jurisdiction of the government, as well as a road and government office.

In the Southern Song Dynasty, fenlizhou road was divided into East Road and West Road, east road governed Xingyuan Prefecture, and Nanzheng County and Lufu Prefecture, which was also the front line of anti Jin.

In the Yuan Dynasty, the province of xingzhongshu was set up in Shaanxi, and Nanzheng was the road administration of Xingyuan Road, which was officially assigned to Shaanxi.

In the Ming Dynasty, Nanzheng was ruled by Hanzhong Prefecture.

In the Qing Dynasty, it was a county under the jurisdiction of Hanzhong Prefecture.

In 1913, Hanzhong Road was abolished, and Nanzheng was directly under the jurisdiction of Shaanxi Province.

On December 6, 1949, Nanzheng was divided into Nanzheng County and Nanzheng city. Nanzheng County moved to the east of Hanzhong City. Except for Hanzhong City and its suburbs, other towns and villages were still under the jurisdiction of Nanzheng County.

At the end of 1954, Beiba in Tongjiang County of Sichuan Province was divided into Nanzheng County.

At the end of 1958, Nanzheng County was abolished and the jurisdiction was merged into Hanzhong City.

In September 1961, Nanzheng new administrative district was divided into five districts, Lengshui, Hanshan, Hongmiao, Nanhai, Beiba, Gaotai, Xinji, Huangguan and Liping, which were under the jurisdiction of Nanzheng County to the south of Hanjiang River.

In August 2017, with the consent of the State Council, Nanzheng County was abolished and Nanzheng District of Hanzhong City was established.

administrative division

In 2019, Nanzheng District governs 2 streets and 20 towns. Nanzheng District People's government is located at No. 24, West Street, Hanshan street.

geographical environment

Location context

Nanzheng district is located in the southwest of Shaanxi Province and the southwest of Hanzhong Basin. It is adjacent to Hanjiang River in the north, Bashan mountain in the south, Chenggu County and Xixiang County in Shaanxi Province in the East, with a border length of 81.5 km and 43 km respectively; Tongjiang County, Nanjiang county and Wangcang County in Sichuan Province in the south, with a border length of 48.7 km, 94.2 km and 15.8 km respectively; Ningqiang County and Mian County in Shaanxi Province in the West, The length of the boundary is 37 km and 83 km respectively, and it is 32.84 km across the river from Hantai District in the north. It is between 32 ° 24 ′ - 33 ° 07 ′ N and 106 ° 30 ′ - 107 ° 22 ′ e, with a total length of 436.04 km, the longest straight-line distance from east to west of 83 km, the longest straight-line distance from north to south of 79 km, and a total area of 2809.0363 square kilometers. The central cross, where the district government is located, is 13 kilometers away from Hanzhong central square, 15 kilometers away from Hanzhong railway station, 17 kilometers away from Hanzhong high passenger station, 31 kilometers away from Hanzhong Liulin airport, 12 kilometers away from Hanzhong Municipal government, and 280 kilometers away from the provincial capital Xi'an (via Xihan Expressway).

geological structure

The geological structure of Nanzheng district is complex. In tectonic position, the area straddles the northern margin of Yangtze paraplatform and is a part of Longmen Dabashan uplift fold fault zone. In the south, it is bounded by Mesozoic continental strata and Sichuan platform syncline. It is composed of three secondary structural units, i.e., Micangshan, Hannan, Ningqiang, Zhenba and Hanzhong fault depressions. There are two main tectonic movements, the Jinning movement in the Upper Proterozoic and the Yanshan movement in the Mesozoic. The other movements are just the rise and fall of the earth's crust. In the late Jinning movement, Nanzheng rose to continent, accompanied by the intrusion of intermediate acid magma and continental volcanic eruption, and then folded into mountains. During the Sinian period, except for the mihan uplift, all other areas were subjected to transgression until the Triassic period. Although there were several ups and downs and many changes of climate, there was no large folding movement. There is no angular unconformity between Sinian and Triassic strata. From the adjacent Xixiang area, the Jurassic strata accumulated in the continental basin are parallel unconformity overlying the Triassic and older strata. The fold morphology of Sinian Jurassic strata is basically the same, which indicates that the area returned to land formation after Indosinian movement, but the main fold movement is Yanshanian, the area lacks Cretaceous strata, and the Himalayan movement formed a new fault depression in Hanzhong. Up to now, the area is still in the rising stage. But in different tectonic areas, in the history of geological development, the strata, structures, magmatic activities and mineral resources have their own characteristics, as well as different metamorphism.

topographic features

In the geomorphological division of Shaanxi Province, Nanzheng district is a part of the mountainous area of Southern Shaanxi (the Shaanxi part of Qinba mountainous area). Most of the area is on the north slope of Micang mountain, and a small part is on the south slope. The general trend is high in the South and low in the north. The lowest point is dazhongtan on the South Bank of Hanjiang River, 484 meters above sea level; the highest point is tiechuanshan, 2468 meters above sea level; the relative elevation difference is 1984 meters. Due to the restriction and influence of internal and external factors such as structure, climate and hydrological conditions, there are various landforms in the area. But generally speaking, from north to south, it can be divided into Valley terrace plain area, hilly and low mountain area at the north foot of Micang mountain, and middle mountain area of Micang mountain. Zhongshan and hilly areas account for 88.2% of the total area, and plain areas account for 11.8%.

Plain area

It is distributed in the north of the area, which is called Pingba area by the masses. It is a part of Hanzhong basin plain. It was formed by the alluvial deposits of the Han River and its tributaries Lianshui River and Lengshui River after the crustal subsidence. It starts from the Bank of Hanjiang River and the southern foot of Liangshan Mountain in the north, and ends at the northern foot of Dahan mountain and gaohuang mountain in the south, with an average length of about 6 km from north to South; it starts from the east edge of Huashan Mountain in the west, and ends at Shahezi at the junction of Nanzheng and Chenggu in the East, with a width of about 40 km. The total area is about 333 square kilometers. The altitude is 484-600 meters. The central and western part of the plain area is relatively wide, and the eastern part is narrow and long. It is covered by Quaternary red clay, loess like sandy clay and gravel, forming a fertile field connected by fields. It is not only the grain and oil base of the whole region, but also one of the commodity grain bases of Shaanxi Province, and its economic status ranks first in the whole region.

Low mountains and hills

It is a part of Daba Mountains and hills, distributed in the middle of the region. Its East and West are related to Chenggu and Mian respectively

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