Gangba County, Xigaze City, Tibet Autonomous Region

Gangba County Gangba county is located in the east of Xigaze city and the north foot of the middle section of Himalayas in Tibet, China, between 88 ° 08'20 "- 88 ° 56'47" E and 27 ° 56'32 "- 28 ° 45'27" n. It is adjacent to Sakya, Yadong, Bailang and Dingjie counties, and to Sikkim snow mountain in the south. It is 307 km away from Shigatse and 580 km away from Lhasa.

Gangba County covers a total area of 4100 square kilometers and governs one town and four townships. In 2002, the GDP of Gangba County reached 48 million yuan, with a total population of 10000 (in 2003). The county people's government is stationed in gangbaxue, Gangba town.

On February 6, 2019, the people's Government of Tibet Autonomous Region decided to withdraw Gangba county from poverty-stricken county.

Historical evolution

Most areas in Gangba county were the territory of houzang in history. Gangba is Tibetan, which means near the snow mountain. It is named because of the villages near zhuomu snow mountain and Kangqin Jiawu snow mountain. In the middle of the 14th century, the local power of Pazhu, which rose in Shannan area, replaced the local power of Sakya, carried out the Zongxi system and established the Gangba sect. In 1960, Gangba Zong was abolished and settled in Dingjie County, becoming Kangba District of the county. In February 1962, Gangba county was established by merging Kangba and tajie districts of Dingjie county. In 1964, Gangba county was abolished and merged into Dingjie county again. In 1965, the county was set up again, which was subordinate to Shigatse. in July 2014, Shigatse was set up as a city, and Gangba county belongs to Shigatse.

administrative division

Division evolution

In 1997, Gangba county had an area of 3836 square kilometers and a population of 8600. It has jurisdiction over five townships (including 28 villages): gongbalou Township, Longzhong Township, kongma Township, Zhike Township, Changlong Township, and gangbaxue village where the county government is stationed in gongbalou township.

Zoning details

In 2000, Gangba County covers an area of 4100 square kilometers, with jurisdiction over one town and four townships: Gangba town (the town government is stationed in Gongba Village); Longzhong Township, kongma Township, Zhike Township and Changlong township. There are 29 villages. geographical environment

Location: Gangba county is located in the southwest of Tibet Autonomous Region and the southeast of Shigatse City. Its geographical coordinates are between 88 ° 08'20 "- 88 ° 56'47" E and 27 ° 56'32 "- 28 ° 45'27" n. The northern foot of the Middle Himalayas is one of the border counties in Tibet. Close to the roof of the world - Mount Everest, surrounded by continuous snow mountains. It borders on Yadong county and Bailang County in the East, Sakya County in the north, Dingjie County in the West and Sikkim County in the south. It borders on Xijin snow mountain in the south. It is 307 km away from Shigatse and 580 km away from Lhasa in the East. The county is 74.4 km long from east to west and 92.76 km wide from north to south. The border is 97 kilometers long. The county seat is 307 km away from Shigatse and 577 km away from Lhasa, the capital of Tibet Autonomous Region.

topographic features

Gangba county is located in the Himalayan mountains with an average altitude of more than 4700 meters. Gangba is located in the valley of southern Tibet, and the whole county belongs to plateau and hilly area without plain. The county is located in the middle of the county, slightly south of the terrain for the East, North and west of the valley surrounded by mountains. At an altitude of more than 4600m, the plateau and hills account for about 7 / 10 of the land area, the natural vegetation is sparse, and most of them are barren mountains; the river valley and beach account for about 3 / 10 of the land area. The terrain is high in the north and low in the south, and the height difference is between 170m and 200m. The highest point is the mountain tops on both sides of kangsangtongba at the junction of Sikkim and Gangba, with an altitude of 6763 meters. The lowest point is 8 kilometers northeast of Linga village, with an altitude of 4375 meters.

hydrology

Yaru Zangbo River Basin traverses the whole territory of Gangba county. The main rivers are yaruzangbu, kuiqu and Yaqu. There are more than 10 rivers and more than 100 springs. The water quality of Longzhong hot spring is rich in a variety of mineral elements. The water temperature is high and the water quality is excellent. It can treat a variety of skin diseases, arthritis and other diseases. It has high medical bath and development value.

geology

The distribution of natural grassland in Gangba county is closely related to the landform, climate and other environmental conditions, mainly alpine steppe and alpine meadow, and alpine cushion vegetation is the subsidiary grassland. The soil can be divided into 9 types: alpine cold desert soil, alpine meadow soil, alpine grassland soil, subalpine grassland soil and meadow soil. The contents of organic matter, nitrogen and potassium are higher.

climate

Gangba county belongs to the semi-arid monsoon climate zone of plateau temperate zone, with moderate cold and warm in spring, strong wind and snow; mild climate in summer, sufficient light, large temperature difference between day and night; cool weather in autumn, less wind and rain, moderate cold and warm; cold and dry in winter, frequent monsoon. The annual average temperature is 1.5 ℃, the hottest month is July, with an average temperature of 9.2 ℃, and the coldest month is January, with an average temperature of - 8 ℃. The annual frost free period is about 60 days, and the annual sunshine hours are more than 3200 hours. The annual rainfall is evenly distributed.

natural resources

land resource

The total land area of Gangba county is 4100 square kilometers, accounting for 0.35% of the total area of Tibet Autonomous Region and 3.9% of the total area of Xigaze region. The total grassland area is 5.5858 million mu, accounting for 88.6% of the total land area of the county. The available grassland area of the county is 5.3596 million mu, accounting for 95.9% of the total grassland area. There are 370.3 mu of shrubs in the county.

mineral resources

As of 2014, the proven reserves of mineral resources in Gangba County include low sodium and low salinity strontium mineral water, borax ore, sulfur, manganese ore, alkali earth and crystal.

Biological resources

Gangba county is rich in economic medicinal plant resources. More than 500 species have been identified, among which Fritillaria, Arnebia, Saussurea, Juema (ginseng fruit) and so on are more famous. They are mainly distributed in Gangba Town, Changlong town and kongma town. Edible fungi are mushrooms, water fungus, etc. There are many kinds of wild animals in Gangba County, among which the more precious ones are wild donkey, yellow sheep, argali sheep, blue sheep, argali leopard, yellow wolf, Swertia deer, lynx, fox, otter, snow pig, etc. According to legend: in the 1970s, people hunted aquatic animals and black bears that appeared in the lake. More precious wild birds are snow chicken, yellow duck, black necked Crane, grey duck, crow, turtledove, eagle, owl, Tibetan sparrow and other birds. There are many fishes in rivers and lakes, and some fishes have high medicinal value.

water resource

Qudengnima, Gangba County, is located at the northern foot of the middle Himalayan mountain. It is 5128 meters above sea level and 50 kilometers away from Gangba county. It is surrounded by glaciers and snow without any pollution factors. The qudengnima mineral water was evaluated by the qudengnima mineral water evaluation committee of Tibet Autonomous Region in October 1990 and appraised by the Ministry of Geology and mineral resources, the Ministry of health and the Department of geological environment management of the people's Republic of China in August 1992. The qudengnima mineral water is low sodium and low salinity strontium mineral water, and all the elements have reached and exceeded the defined indexes of national natural beverage. the mineral water contains zinc, selenium, lithium, calcium, iodine, metasilicic acid and other macro and trace elements. It has special effects such as enhancing appetite, improving cardiovascular function, promoting bone development, preventing goiter and cancer. The daily flow of mineral water is 82 tons. According to the Tibetan scriptures, "this water can cure 424 kinds of infectious diseases and 360 kinds of acute and chronic diseases". It is the "nectar" given by master lianhuasheng to his followers and believers to cure all kinds of diseases. It is known as the "holy water of Tibet". Since ancient times, it has a great influence in the whole Tibetan area of China, India, Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan and other neighboring countries. Every spring and autumn, tens of thousands of devout men and women come here from far away places to worship incense and worship Buddha, ask for "holy water" and drink "nectar".

Population nationality

population

According to the data of the fifth census in 2000, there are 2753 people in gongbalou Town, 1953 in Changlong Township, 1095 in Zhike Township, 1258 in kongma Township and 2142 in Longzhong township. In 2002, the total population of Gangba county was 2092 households and 9431 people, including 1616 households and 8539 people in agricultural and pastoral areas, with a population density of 2.2 people per square kilometer.

nation

There are 8543 Tibetans in Gangba County, accounting for 99.84% of the total population, and 14 Han people, accounting for 0.16% of the total population. Mainly inhabited by Tibetan, Han, Hui and other ethnic groups, it is a multi-ethnic settlement.

Economics

executive summary

In 2002, the GDP of Gangba County reached 48 million yuan, an increase of 13.69% over 2001, including 24.7115 million yuan of primary industry, accounting for 51.48% of GDP, 10 million yuan of secondary industry, accounting for 20.83% of GDP, and 13.2885 million yuan of tertiary industry, accounting for 27.69% of GDP.

primary industry

After the peaceful liberation of Tibet, a small amount of Agriculture began to appear and developed. The total area of the county is 4198 square kilometers, including 21338.5 mu of arable land and 5557000 mu of grassland. agriculture and animal husbandry and the economy of agricultural and pastoral areas have maintained a good development trend. The total agricultural output value of the whole county reached 10.1464 million yuan. There are many kinds of livestock in the county, mainly Tibetan sheep, goats, yaks, cattle and so on. At the end of the year, the number of livestock in the county reached 190857 (individuals and horses), and the total output value of animal husbandry reached 14.5651 million yuan. Gangba county is dominated by animal husbandry economy. Crops are mainly highland barley, peas and radish, cabbage, potatoes and so on. Yaks, sheep, goats, horses, donkeys, mules, etc.

the secondary industry

The industry of Gangba county is mainly national handicraft industry. The products are Pu mat, velvet felt, Tibetan paper, etc. The county is most famous for "gangbayang" and "mineral water". the mineral water in Gangba county belongs to the state-level high-quality mineral water. Its brand is well known in Tibet. September, 1993

Chinese PinYin : Xi Cang Zi Zhi Qu Ri Ka Ze Shi Gang Ba Xian